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Fig. 3. Evolutionary analysis conducted through a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree between the cox1 in Detection of maize bushy stunt phytoplasma in leafoppers collected in native corn crops grown at high elevations in southeast Mexico
Fig. 3. Evolutionary analysis conducted through a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree between the cox1 mini-barcode sequences obtained for the red speckled nymphs and Idiodonus wickhami (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) (both marked with a circle) with reference sequences from GenBank. Bar 5 substitution in 100 positions.
Fig. 4. Evolutionary analysis conducted through a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree between the 16S in Detection of maize bushy stunt phytoplasma in leafoppers collected in native corn crops grown at high elevations in southeast Mexico
Fig. 4. Evolutionary analysis conducted through a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree between the 16S rRNA sequences amplified in this study from phytoplasma DNA, bar 1 substitution in 100 positions. Sequences in the grey square belong to the subgroup 16SrI-B. Sequences amplified from leafoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Dalbulus elimatus marked with a circle and from Idiodonus wickhami marked with a square.
Fig. 7 in Detection of maize bushy stunt phytoplasma in leafoppers collected in native corn crops grown at high elevations in southeast Mexico
Fig. 7. Single nucleotide polymorphism of cpn60 UT sequences amplified from Dalbulus elimatus and Idiodonus wickhami compared with the 16SrI-B strains maize bushy stunt-Col (AB599712), maize bushy stunt-Pueb (KT444672), maize bushy stunt-Ver (KT444673), AVUT (AB599686), AY-27 (AB599688), and AY2192 (AB599687). (A) Similarities between the maize bushy stunt strains and the sequences obtained from the leafoppers. (B) Similarity between maize bushy stuntPueb and the phytoplasma detected associated with Idiodonus wickhami and similarity between maize bushy stunt-Col and maize bushy stunt-Ver with the phytoplasma associated with Dalbulus elimatus, based on SNP in cpn60 UT sequences.
Fig. 2 in Detection of maize bushy stunt phytoplasma in leafoppers collected in native corn crops grown at high elevations in southeast Mexico
Fig. 2. Idiodonus wickhami Ball. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). (A) Dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) vertex, pronotum and scutellum, (D) Male genitalia, (E-G) I. wickhami nymphs.
Fig. 6. Electrophoresis agarose gel showing RFLP pattern comparison between the F2 in Detection of maize bushy stunt phytoplasma in leafoppers collected in native corn crops grown at high elevations in southeast Mexico
Fig. 6. Electrophoresis agarose gel showing RFLP pattern comparison between the F2nR2 sequences amplified from Dalbulus elimatus and Idiodonus wickhami digested with AluI, BstUI, HaeIII, HinfI, and Tsp509I. Molecular weight (MW) marker, 1 kb plus.
Fig. 1 in Detection of maize bushy stunt phytoplasma in leafoppers collected in native corn crops grown at high elevations in southeast Mexico
Fig. 1. Six of the 7 leafopper genera (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) detected in this study. Dorsal view of: (A) Dalbulus, (B) Macrosteles, (C) Amblysellus, (D) Graphocephala, (E) Erythridula, (F) Empoasca.
Fig. 3 in Thermoregulation in the Andean lizard Anolis heterodermus (Squamata: Dactyloidae) at high elevation in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Fig. 3. (A) Average hourly variation of body temperature (Tb) and operative temperatures (T e) of light exposed, shaded and all models in function of time of the day. Striped area corresponds to preferred temperature interval. (B) Daily activity pattern of Anolis heterodermus (Duméril, 1851).
Fig. 2 in Thermoregulation in the Andean lizard Anolis heterodermus (Squamata: Dactyloidae) at high elevation in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Fig. 2. Frequency of body (T b) and operative (T e) temperatures during wet and dry season in Anolis heterodermus (Duméril, 1851). Average values are shown by black arrows. Striped area corresponds to averaged preferred temperature (T pref) interval for both seasons.
Fig. 1 in Thermoregulation in the Andean lizard Anolis heterodermus (Squamata: Dactyloidae) at high elevation in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Fig. 1. Thermal gradient scheme: (A) shrubs to create a suitable habitat for liZards in the gradient; (B) cooling packs.
High-resolution digital elevation model of Klados Gorge, Crete, Greece
<p>High-resolution digital elevation model constructed from photogrammetric processing of drone images taken at Klados Gorge, Crete, Greece in 2017. The authors used <em>Agisoft</em> PhotoScan for the photogrammetric processing and to generate 3D spatial data for further use.</p>
High thermal tolerance in high elevation species and laboratory-reared colonies of tropical bumble bees
<p>Bumble bees are key pollinators with some species reared in captivity at a commercial scale, but with significant evidence of population declines and with alarming predictions of substantial impacts under climate change scenarios. While studies on the thermal biology of temperate bumble bees are still limited, they are entirely absent from the tropics where the effects of climate change are expected to be greater. Herein we test if bees' thermal tolerance decreases with elevation and if the stable optimal conditions used in laboratory-reared colonies reduces their thermal tolerance. We assessed changes in the lower (CTMin) and upper (CTMax) critical thermal limits of four species at two elevations (2600 and 3600 m) in the Colombian Andes, examined the effect of body size, and evaluated the thermal tolerance of wild caught and laboratory-reared individuals of B. pauloensis. We also compiled information on bumble bees' thermal limits and assessed potential predictors for broad-scale patterns. We found that CTMin decreased with increasing elevation while CTMax was similar between elevations. CTMax was slightly higher (0.84 °C) in laboratory-reared than in wild-caught bees while CTMin was similar, and CTMin decreased with increasing body size while CTMax did not. Latitude is a good predictor for CTMin only while annual mean temperature, maximum and minimum temperatures of the warmest and coldest months are good predictors for both CTMin and CTMax. The stronger response in CTMin with increasing elevation, and similar CTMax, supports Brett's heat-invariant hypothesis, which has been documented in other taxa. Andean bumble bees appear to be about as heat tolerant as those from temperate areas, suggesting that other aspects besides temperature (e.g., water balance) might be more determinant environmental factors for these species. Laboratory-reared colonies are adequate surrogates for addressing questions on thermal tolerance and global warming impacts. </p>
Spatiotemporal variability of stable isotopes in precipitation and stream water in a high elevation tropical catchment in the Central Andes of Colombia
<p>Stable isotopes data set for the manuscript "Spatio-temporal variability of stable isotopes in precipitation and stream water of a high elevation tropical catchment in the Central Andes of Colombia".</p> <p>Data also used by Andrés Tangarife-Escobar for the thesis "Analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of stable isotopes and their driving factors in the Upper Claro River Basin, Colombian Andes" to obtain the title of MSc in "Tropical Hydrogeology and Environmental Engineering" at the Technische Universität Darmstadt (Germany) in 2019. </p> <p>Samples collected by Jorge Ceballos from IDEAM (Colombia) and analyzed by the Servicio Geologico Colombiano. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Fig. 1. A in Caridina clandestina, new species, an unusual new freshwater shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from the remote high elevation Napu Valley of Sulawesi, Indonesia
Fig. 1. A, map of Sulawesi with the study area framed in red as shown on the detail map (B) of the Napu and Bada Valleys; B, the symbols show the sampling locations of Caridina clandestina, new species (black circles), C. sulawesi Cai & Ng, 2009 (white circles), C. parvidentata J. Roux, 1904 (square), and C. villadolidi Blanco, 1939 (diamond).
Fig. 4. A in Caridina clandestina, new species, an unusual new freshwater shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from the remote high elevation Napu Valley of Sulawesi, Indonesia
Fig. 4. A, Lariang River, natural habitat of Caridina clandestina, new species; B, colouration of living specimen; C, specimen with chelae adapted for filter feeding.
Fig. 5. A in Caridina clandestina, new species, an unusual new freshwater shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from the remote high elevation Napu Valley of Sulawesi, Indonesia
Fig. 5. A, scatterplot analysis of chelae morphology in both forms of Caridina clandestina, new species; B, chelae morphology in both forms of Caridina clandestina is not related to size of specimens.
Fig. 3. A–C, F, G, J–O in Caridina clandestina, new species, an unusual new freshwater shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from the remote high elevation Napu Valley of Sulawesi, Indonesia
Fig. 3. A–C, F, G, J–O, Caridina clandestina, new species, paratype male filter feeding morph (CL 5.6 mm) (ZMB 30207a), Lariang River, Central Sulawesi; D, E, H, I, Caridina clandestina, new species, paratype male short chelae morph (CL 4.7 mm) (ZMB 30203b), Napu Valley, stream, tributary of Lariang River, Central Sulawesi. A, third maxilliped; B, first pereiopod; C, fingers of first pereiopod; F, second pereiopod; G, fingers of second pereiopod; J, third pereiopod; K, dactylus of third pereiopod; L, fifth pereiopod; M, dactylus of fifth pereiopod; N, endopod of male's first pleopod; O, endopod and appendix masculina on second pleopod. Scale bars: A–F, H–J, L, N, O = 1.0 mm; G, K, M = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 2. A, C–N in Caridina clandestina, new species, an unusual new freshwater shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from the remote high elevation Napu Valley of Sulawesi, Indonesia
Fig. 2. A, C–N, Caridina clandestina, new species, paratype male filter feeding morph (CL 5.6 mm) (ZMB 30207a), Lariang River, Central Sulawesi; B, Caridina clandestina, new species, paratype male short chelae morph (CL 4.7 mm) (ZMB 30203b), Napu Valley, stream, tributary of Lariang River, Central Sulawesi. A, cephalothorax and cephalic appendages; B, rostrum; C, telson; D, distal part of telson; E, preanal carina; F, uropodal diaeresis; G, antennular peduncle; H, scaphocerite; I, distal part of mandible; J, maxillula; K, maxilla; L, first maxilliped; M, palp of first maxilliped; N, second maxilliped. Scale bars: A–C, G–I, K–N = 1.0 mm; D, E, F, J = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 6 in Caridina clandestina, new species, an unusual new freshwater shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from the remote high elevation Napu Valley of Sulawesi, Indonesia
Fig. 6. Molecular phylogeny of all described endemic species of Caridina from Sulawesi. Topology based on BI analysis of concatenated dataset of two mitochondrial gene fragments (16S and COI). Numbers on branches are, from the top, Bayesian posterior probabilities (>0.9) and ML/MP bootstrap values (>70). An asterisk indicates nodes with full support (1/100/100). The scale bar indicates the substitution rate.
Reforestation of high elevation pines: Direct seeding success depends on seed source and sowing environment
<p>Forest persistence in regions impacted by increasing water and temperature stress will depend upon species' ability to either rapidly adjust to novel conditions or migrate to track ecological niches. Predicted, rapid climate change is likely to outpace the adaptive and migratory capacity of long-lived isolated tree species, and reforestation may be critical to species' persistence. Facilitating persistence both within and beyond a species' range requires identification of seed lots best adapted to the current and future conditions predicted with rapid climate change. We evaluate variation in emergent seedling performance that leads to differential survival among species and populations for three high-elevation five-needle pines. We paired a fully reciprocal field common garden experiment with a greenhouse common garden study to a) quantify variation in seedling emergence and functional traits, b) ask how functional traits affect performance under different establishment conditions, and c) evaluate whether trait and performance variation demonstrates local adaptation and plasticity. Among study species – limber, Great Basin bristlecone, and whitebark pines – we found divergence in emergence and functional traits, though soil moisture was the strongest driver of seedling emergence and abundance across all species. Generalist limber pine had a clear emergence advantage as well as traits associated with drought adaptation, while edaphic specialist bristlecone pine was characterized by low emergence yet high early survival once established. Despite evidence for edaphic specialization, soil characteristics alone did not explain bristlecone success. Across species, trait-environment relationships provided some evidence for local adaptation in drought-adapted traits, but we found no evidence of local adaptation in emergence or survival at this early life stage. For managers looking to promote persistence, sourcing seed from drier environments is likely to impart greater drought resistance into reforestation efforts through strategies such as greater root investment, increasing the probability of early seedling survival. This research demonstrates, through a rigorous reciprocal transplant experimental design, that it may be possible to select climate- and soil-appropriate seed sources for reforestation. However, planting success will ultimately rely on a suitable establishment environment, requiring careful consideration of interannual climate variability for management interventions in these climate- and disturbance-impacted tree species.</p>
Trial to Assess the Effect of Long Term Dosing of Inclisiran in Subjects With High CV Risk and Elevated LDL-C
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03814187. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 13. Publications: 2.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.