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52 results for “independent origins”
FIGURES 26–30 in New Oriental tribe Iscini, new non-dilatognathan species of Notophlebia Peters & Edmunds 1970 and independent origin of Dilatognathus-type mouth apparatus in Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)
FIGURES 26–30. Notophlebia ganeshi sp. n., genitals of male imago. 26, genitals at rest, ventral view; 27 penis apex, ventral side; 28, the same, dorsal side; 29, genitals in excited condition, with gonostylus turned ventrally and penes projected; 30, penis apex, apical-dorsal side (26–28, holotype).
FIGURES 23–25 in New Oriental tribe Iscini, new non-dilatognathan species of Notophlebia Peters & Edmunds 1970 and independent origin of Dilatognathus-type mouth apparatus in Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)
FIGURES 23–25. Notophlebia ganeshi sp. n. (holotype). 23, genitals of male imago, ventral view (at left, brown pigmentation of sternum, styliger and gonostylus shown by dots; at right, brown pigmentation of penis shown by dots, muscles shown by interrupted lines); 24, penis lobe, dorsal view; 25, exuviae of subimaginal gonostylus.
FIGURES 1–3 in New Oriental tribe Iscini, new non-dilatognathan species of Notophlebia Peters & Edmunds 1970 and independent origin of Dilatognathus-type mouth apparatus in Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae)
FIGURES 1–3. Notophlebia ganeshi sp. n. 1, fore wing (holotype); 2, distal part of larval fore tibia, posterior view (stout setae on anterior side shown by interrupted lines); 3, male larva of penultimate instar, lateral view (long hair-like setae on legs not shown). Abbreviations: a, row of stout setae on anterior side; p, row of stout setae on posterior side.
Data from: Multiple independent origins of auto-pollination in tropical orchids (Bulbophyllum) in light of the hypothesis of selfing as an evolutionary dead end
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Data from: Tempo and mode of performance evolution across multiple independent origins of adhesive toe pads in lizards
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Data from: Indications for three independent domestication events for the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) and new insights into the origin of tea germplasm in China and India revealed by nuclear microsatellites
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Data from: Multiple independent origins of intermediate species between Sorbus aucuparia and S. hybrida (Rosaceae) in the Baltic region
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Data from: Genetic analysis of the peatmoss Sphagnum cribrosum (Sphagnaceae) indicates independent origins of an extreme infra-specific morphology shift
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Multiple lines of evidence for independent origin of wild and cultivated flowering cherry (Prunus yedoensis)
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Data from: Genetic structure reveals a history of multiple independent origins followed by admixture in the allopolyploid weed Salsola ryanii
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Data from: Convergent evolution of cytochrome P450s underlies independent origins of keto-carotenoid pigmentation in animals
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Data from: Know your farmer: ancient origins and multiple independent domestications of ambrosia beetle fungal cultivars
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Data from: Unraveling independent origins of two tetraploid Achillea species by amplicon sequencing
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Phylotranscriptomics points to multiple independent origins of multicellularity and cellular differentiation in the volvocine algae
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Evolution of Rosaceae chloroplast genomes highlights unique Cerasus diversification and independent origins of fruit cherry
<p>Rosaceae plants comprise numerous fruit crops with huge economic values. The lack of genomic characteristics has largely blocked our understanding about the Rosaceae gene and plastome evolution. Here, we analyzed 121 Rosaceae chloroplast (cp) genomes of 51 taxa from 19 genera, predominantly including the Cerasus plants and their relatives. To our knowledge, we generated the first comprehensive map of genomic variation across Rosaceae plastomes. Protein-coding genes of Rosaceae plastomes were characterized with high proportion (over 50%) of synonymous variants and InDels with multiple triplets. Four photosynthesis-related genes were under Darwin selection, which are unique in woody fruit trees of Rosaceae. We detected considerable variations in genome size among Rosaceae plastomes and observed trivial and obvious structural variation in the examined cp genomes of tribes Pyrodae and Amygdaleae. Phylogenomic analyses and molecular dating highlighted the independent evolution of true cherry, dwarf cherry and relatives. Our findings strongly support to taxonomically treat the monophyletic true cherry group as a separate genus excluding dwarf cherry. High levels of genomic differentiation and distinct phylogenetic relationships implied independent origins and domestication between fruit cherries, particularly between cultivated Cerasus psuedocerasus and Cerasus avium. We further proposed an evolutionary model to elucidate multiple genomic introgression events among true cherries occurring since ~15 Mya. Well-resolved maternal phylogeny suggested that the cultivated C. pseudocerasus might be originated from Longmenshan Fault zone, the eastern edge of Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains, where they have subjected to frequent genomic introgression between its presumed wild ancestors and other close relatives. In conclusion, comparative analyses of plastomes and chloroplast genes detected diverse evolutionary behaviors and divergent adaptive selection in Rosaceae. We provide robust evidences for the independent origins and domestication of fruit cherries.</p>
Data from: Multiple molecular data sets suggest independent origins of highly eusocial behavior in bees (Hymenoptera:Apinae)
Different views of the pattern of social evolution among the highly eusocial bees have arisen as a result of discordance between past molecular and morphology-based phylogenies. Here we present new data and taxa for four molecular data sets and reassess the morphological characters available to date. We show that there is no significant character incongruence between four molecular data sets (two nuclear and two mitochondrial) but that there is highly significant character incongruence, which leads to topological incongruence, between the molecular and morphological data. We investigate the effects of using different outgroup combinations to root the estimated tree. We also consider various ways in which biases in the sequence data could be misleading, employing several maximum likelihood models, LogDet corrections, and spectral analyses. Ultimately, we concede that there is strong discordance between the molecular and morphological data partitions, and that the conditional combination approach is appropriately applied in this case. We also find for the molecular trees that there are two equally well supported placements of the root, one supported by 16S and 28S sequences, the other supported by cyt b and opsin. The strength of the evidence leads us to accept two equally well supported hypotheses based on analyses of the molecular data sets. These are the most rigorously supported hypotheses of corbiculate bee relationships at this time, and frame our argument that highly eusocial behavior within the corbiculate bees evolved twice independently.
Data from: Integrative taxonomy of root-knot nematodes reveals multiple independent origins of mitotic parthenogenesis
During sampling of several Coffea arabica plantations in Tanzania severe root galling, caused by a root-knot nematode was observed. From pure cultures, morphology and morphometrics of juveniles and females matched perfectly with Meloidogyne africana, whereas morphology of the males matched identically with those of Meloidogyne decalineata. Based on their Cox1 sequence, however, the recovered juveniles, females and males were confirmed to belong to the same species, creating a taxonomic conundrum. Adding further to this puzzle, re-examination of M. oteifae type material showed insufficient morphological evidence to maintain its status as a separate species. Consequently, M. decalineata and M. oteifae are synonymized with M. africana, which is herewith redescribed based on results of light and scanning electron microscopy, ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences, isozyme electrophoresis, along with bionomic and cytogenetic features. Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis placed M. africana outside of the three major clades, together with M. coffeicola, M. ichinohei and M. camelliae. This phylogenetic position was confirmed by several morphological features, including cellular structure of the spermatheca, egg mass position, perineal pattern and head shape. Moreover, M. africana was found to be a polyphagous species, demonstrating that "early-branching" Meloidogyne spp. are not as oligophagous as had previously been assumed. Cytogenetic information indicates M. africana (2n = 21) and M. ardenensis (2n = 51–54) to be a triploid mitotic parthenogenetic species, revealing at least four independent origins of mitotic parthenogenesis within the genus Meloidogyne. Furthermore, M. mali (n = 12) was found to reproduce by amphimixis, indicating that amphimictic species with a limited number of chromosomes are widespread in the genus, potentially reflecting the ancestral state of the genus. The wide variation in chromosome numbers and associated changes in reproduction modes indicate that cytogenetic evolution played a crucial role in the speciation of root-knot nematodes and plant-parasitic nematodes in general.
Evolution of Rosaceae chloroplast genomes highlights unique Cerasus diversification and independent origins of fruit cherry
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Data from: Independent and parallel evolution of new genes by gene duplication in two origins of C4 photosynthesis provides new insight into the mechanism of phloem loading in C4 species
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Data from: Multiple molecular data sets suggest independent origins of highly eusocial behavior in bees (Hymenoptera:Apinae)
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.