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155 results for “interaction scale”
Meteorology and soil moisture data collected at multiple frequencies from the Cross-scale Interactions Study (CSIS) Block-14 site automated monitoring stations: Jornada Basin LTER, 2013 - ongoing
This dataset contains summary data collected at the Jornada Basin LTER program's Cross Scale Interactions Study (CSIS) Block-14 site automated weather station and associated soil substation at several temporal scales. Precipitation data are collected at 1-second frequency during rain events, air temperature and wind are summarized every 5-minutes, and all aboveground sensors are summarized at 30-minute, hourly and daily frequencies. Soil moisture is measured at a 30-minute frequency and summarized daily. Observed values include average/maximum/minimum air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed; average wind direction; soil moisture, temperature and conductivity. Aboveground sensors are measured and calculated based on 1-second scan rate. Soil moisture is measured every 30-minutes near the weather station and approximately 30-meters distance at a nearby substation. Wind speed is measured at 37cm, 75 cm, 150 cm, and 300 cm, wind direction at approximately 3m, and air temperature and relative humidity at approximately 2.5m. Soil sensors are installed at 10, 20 and 30cm depths.
Meteorology and soil moisture data collected at multiple frequencies from the Cross-scale Interactions Study (CSIS) Block-15 site automated monitoring stations: Jornada Basin LTER, 2013 - ongoing
This dataset contains summary data collected at the Jornada Basin LTER program's Cross Scale Interactions Study (CSIS) Block-15 site automated weather station and associated soil substation at several temporal scales. Precipitation data are collected at 1-second frequency during rain events, air temperature and wind are summarized every 5-minutes, and all aboveground sensors are summarized at 30-minute, hourly and daily frequencies. Soil moisture is measured at a 30-minute frequency and summarized daily. Observed values include average/maximum/minimum air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed; average wind direction; soil moisture, temperature and conductivity. Aboveground sensors are measured and calculated based on 1-second scan rate. Soil moisture is measured every 30-minutes near the weather station and approximately 30-meters distance at a nearby substation. Wind speed is measured at 37cm, 75 cm, 150 cm, and 300 cm, wind direction at approximately 3m, and air temperature and relative humidity at approximately 2.5m. Soil sensors are installed at 10, 20 and 30cm depths.
Efficient and accurate framework for genome-wide gene-environment interaction analysis in large-scale biobanks
<p>Gene-environment interaction (GxE) analysis elucidates the interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental influences, offering significant potential for precision medicine. With the increasing use of electronic health records (EHR) linked to genetic data in large-scale biobanks, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have expanded to encompass complex traits with intricate structures, such as time-to-event and ordinal categorical traits. Although these complex traits convey more phenotypic information, most existing scalable genome-wide GxE analysis approaches only focus on quantitative or binary traits. In this work, we propose a scalable and accurate analysis framework, SPAGxE<sub>CCT</sub>, that is applicable to a wide variety of trait types. We extend SPAGxE to SPAGxE+, which can account for sample relatedness. In addition, we extend SPAGxE<sub>CCT</sub> to SPAGxEmix<sub>CCT</sub>, which accounts for population stratification and is applicable to include individuals from multiple ancestries or admixed populations. We applied SPAGxE<sub>CCT</sub>, SPAGxE+, and SPAGxEmix<sub>CCT</sub> to analyze time-to-event traits in UK Biobank. For the SPAGxE<sub>CCT</sub> analyses, 281,149 White British individuals were included. For the SPAGxE+ analyses, 337,367 WB individuals with sample relatedness were included. For the SPAGxEmix<sub>CCT</sub> analyses, 338,044 individuals from all ancestries were included. SPAGxE<sub>CCT</sub>, SPAGxE+, and SPAGxEmix<sub>CCT</sub> are computationally efficient to analyze large datasets with hundreds of thousands of individuals, can accurately control type I error rates while remaining powerful to identify novel GxE findings.</p>
Influence of Large-scale Land-sea Atmosphere Interaction on Ozone Pollution in Coastal Cities in the Northern Bohai Sea
<p><strong>O3_obs </strong>includes ozone observations for Qinhuangdao (QHD), Jinzhou (JZ), Yingkou (YK), Dalian (DL) from 29 August to 5 September 2017, and the information of four sites including station code, longitude and latitude. <strong>O3_sim</strong> includes ozone simulation in the four sites extracted according to location of them. <strong>Met_obs</strong> and <strong>Met_sim</strong> include the observations of 2 m temperature (℃), 2 m relative humidity (RH2) and 10 m wind speed for the 4 stations from 29 August to 5 September 2017, and the information of four stations including station code and their location. <strong>Slp_wind_9km.nc</strong> is mean sea-level pressure and wind in Phase Ⅰ and Phase Ⅱ. <strong>O3_wind_9km.nc</strong> is mean simulated surface ozone mixing ratios and wind at 10 m in 19:00-09:00 LT and 10:00-18:00 LT during Phase Ⅰ and Phase Ⅱ. <strong>Process_contribution </strong>includes mean surface O<sub>3</sub> mixing ratios and O<sub>3</sub> contribution at the bottom level in Phase Ⅰ, Phase Ⅱ, and at different heights (AGL) in Phase Ⅱ in four sites, respectively. <strong>O3_source_site</strong> includes time series of O<sub>3 </sub>source in QHD, JZ, YK, and DL. <strong>Mean_source_base_27km.nc </strong>is the mean O­<sub>3</sub> contribution in Phase Ⅰ and Phase Ⅱ from five primary exogenous source regions. <strong>Mean_source_control_27km.nc</strong> is the O<sub>3</sub> contribution in Phase Ⅱ from the BTH and NEC emissions in Phase I, in which BTH and NEC’s emissions in Phase Ⅱ are set zero. <strong>Trjectory_conc_pa</strong> includes three trajectories analyzed in this work and vertical O<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>X</sub> mixing ratios, and the chemical generations and consumptions of O<sub>3</sub> within the air masses along the trajectories.</p>
Datasets for "Advancing Drug-Target Interactions Prediction: Leveraging a Large-Scale Dataset with a Rapid and Robust Chemogenomic Algorithm"
<p>All datasets required to reproduce the results of publication "Drug-Target Interactions Prediction at Scale: the Komet Algorithm with the LCIdb Dataset"</p>
Scale-dependent interactions between tree canopy cover and impervious surfaces reduce daytime urban heat during summer
As cities warm and the need for climate adaptation strategies increases, a more detailed understanding of the cooling effects of land-cover across a continuum of spatial scales will be necessary to guide management decisions. We asked how tree canopy cover and impervious surface cover interact to influence daytime and nighttime summer air temperature, and how effects vary with the spatial scale at which land-cover data are analyzed (10, 30, 60 and 90-m radii). A bicycle-mounted measurement system was used to sample air temperature every 5 m along 10 transects (about 7 km length, sampled 3-12 times each) spanning a range of impervious and tree canopy cover (0 to 100%, each) in a mid-sized city in the Upper Midwest, USA. Variability in daytime air temperature within the urban landscape averaged 3.5 degreeC (range 1.1 to 5.7 degreeC). Temperature decreased nonlinearly with increasing canopy cover, with the greatest cooling when canopy cover exceeded 40%. The magnitude of daytime cooling also increased with spatial scale, and was greatest at the size of a typical city block (60-90 m). Daytime air temperature increased linearly with increasing impervious cover, but the magnitude of warming was less than the cooling associated with increased canopy cover. Variation in nighttime air temperature averaged 2.1C (range 1.2 to 3.0 degreeC), and temperature increased with impervious surface. Effects of canopy were limited at night; thus, reduction of impervious surfaces remains critical for reducing nighttime urban heat. Results suggest strategies for managing urban land-cover patterns to enhance resilience of cities to climate warming.
IG. 6. — A, Trunk vertebra of Alsophis sp. 2 from Pointe du Helleux archaeological site (Square 2 – crab layer) located on Grande-Terre Island; B, trunk vertebra of Erythrolamprus juliae cf. copeae (Parker, 1936) from Sainte-Rose La Ramée archaeological site (US 2058) located on Basse-Terre Island. Abbreviations: cd., condyle; ct., cotyle; di., diapophysis; h. k., hemal keel; m. c., medial constriction; n. a., neural arch; n. s., neural spine; p. c., precondylar constriction; p. d., paracotylar depression; p. n., postero-medial notch of the zygantrum; pa., parapophysis; pz. f., prezygapophyseal facet; pz. p., prezygapophyseal process; s. d., subcentral depression; s. r., subcentral ridge; s. t., sub-cotylar tubercle; zs., zygosphene. Scale bars: 4 mm in Fossil dipsadid snakes from the Guadeloupe Islands (French West-Indies) and their interactions with past human populations
IG. 6. — A, Trunk vertebra of Alsophis sp. 2 from Pointe du Helleux archaeological site (Square 2 – crab layer) located on Grande-Terre Island; B, trunk vertebra of Erythrolamprus juliae cf. copeae (Parker, 1936) from Sainte-Rose La Ramée archaeological site (US 2058) located on Basse-Terre Island. Abbreviations: cd., condyle; ct., cotyle; di., diapophysis; h. k., hemal keel; m. c., medial constriction; n. a., neural arch; n. s., neural spine; p. c., precondylar constriction; p. d., paracotylar depression; p. n., postero-medial notch of the zygantrum; pa., parapophysis; pz. f., prezygapophyseal facet; pz. p., prezygapophyseal process; s. d., subcentral depression; s. r., subcentral ridge; s. t., sub-cotylar tubercle; zs., zygosphene. Scale bars: 4 mm
Beneath the Antarctic sea-ice: Fine-scale analysis of Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) behaviour and predator-prey interactions, using micro-sonar data in Terre Adélie
<p>In this study, we tried to assess:<br>i) whether and how female Weddell seals feed (frequency, depth, duration) during lactation,<br>ii) what is their utilization of a limited foraging area (benthic or pelagic dives) as they are spatially constrained by the presence of their pup, and<br>iii) how can we characterize their foraging dives and the approach/catching phases using new tools providing a more detailed description of their behaviour.<br>Sonar tags were deployed on three breeding female Weddell seals in Terre Adélie (East Antarctica) in November 2019, to study animals' movements and dives at high resolution (3D acceleration, magnetometry, time and depth and GPS location), as well as information on prey and predator-prey interactions using acoustic data.</p>
The impact of within-host coinfection interactions on between-host parasite transmission dynamics varies with spatial scale
<p>Within-host interactions among coinfecting parasites can have major consequences for individual infection risk and disease severity. However, the impact of these within-host interactions on between-host parasite transmission, and the spatial scales over which they occur, remain unknown. We developed and applied a novel spatially explicit analysis to parasite infection data from a wild wood mouse (<em>Apodemus sylvaticus</em>) population. We previously demonstrated a strong within-host negative interaction between two wood mouse gastrointestinal parasites, the nematode <em>Heligmosomoides polygyrus,</em> and the coccidian <em>Eimeria hungaryensis</em>, using drug-treatment experiments. Here, we show this negative within-host interaction can significantly alter the between-host transmission dynamics of <em>E. hungaryensis</em>, but only within spatially-restricted neighbourhoods around each host. However, for the closely related species <em>E. apionodes</em>, which experiments show does not interact strongly with <em>H. polygyrus</em>, we did not find any effect on transmission over any spatial scale. Our results demonstrate that the effects of within-host coinfection interactions can ripple out beyond each host to alter the transmission dynamics of the parasites, but only over local scales that likely reflect the spatial dimension of transmission. Hence there may be knock-on consequences of drug treatments impacting the transmission of non-target parasites, altering infection risks even for non-treated individuals in the wider neighbourhood.</p>
Data for "Quantum Monte Carlo studies of a trimer scaling function with microscopic two- and three-body interactions"
<p>Data for "Quantum Monte Carlo studies of a trimer scaling function with microscopic two- and three-body interactions", Phys. Rev. A 104, 033301 (2021).</p>
Datasets from Ganuza et al. 2022: Interactive effects of climate and land use on pollinator diversity differ among taxa and scales
<p>Datasets used in Ganuza et al. 2022: Interactive effects of climate and land use on pollinator diversity differ among taxa and scales. Local and regional data are provided in separate files for the environmental variables, plant species composition and the composition of the different pollinator taxa.</p>
Results from Interpreting Cis-Regulatory Interactions from Large-Scale Deep Neural Networks for Genomics
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Data from: The importance of biotic interactions in distribution models of wild bees depends on the type of ecological relations, spatial scale and range
<p>Studies have found that biotic information can play an important role in shaping the distribution of species even at large scales. However, results from species distribution models are not always consistent among studies, and the underlying factors that influence the importance of biotic information to distribution models, are unclear. 2. We studied wild bees and plants, and cleptoparasite bees and their hosts in the Netherlands to evaluate how the inclusion of their biotic interactions affects the performance of species distribution models. We assessed model performance through spatial block cross-validation and by comparing models with interactions to models where the interacting species were randomized. Finally, we evaluated how, (i) spatial resolution, (ii) taxonomic rank (genus or species), (iii) degree of specialization, (iv) distribution of the biotic factor, (v) bee body size and (vi) type of biotic interaction, affect the importance of biotic interactions in shaping the distribution of wild bee species using generalized linear models. 3. We found that the models of wild bees improved when the biotic factor was included. The model performance improved the most for parasitic bees. Spatial resolution, taxonomic rank, distribution range of the biotic factor, and degree of specialization of the modelled species all influenced the importance of the biotic interaction to the models. 4. We encourage researchers to include biotic interactions in species distribution models, especially for specialized species and when the biotic factor has a limited distribution range. However, before adding the biotic factor we suggest considering different spatial resolutions and taxonomic ranks of the biotic factor. We recommend using single species or genus data as a biotic factor in the models of specialist species and for the generalist species, we recommend using an approximate measure of interactions, such as flower richness.</p>
Data from: The importance of biotic interactions in distribution models of wild bees depends on the type of ecological relations, spatial scale and range
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Beneath the Antarctic sea-ice: Fine-scale analysis of Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) behaviour and predator-prey interactions, using micro-sonar data in Terre Adélie
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The impact of within-host coinfection interactions on between-host parasite transmission dynamics varies with spatial scale
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Macrosystems EDDIE Module 2: Cross-Scale Interactions
Environmental phenomena are often driven by multiple factors that interact across space and over time. In freshwater lakes and reservoirs worldwide, phytoplankton blooms are increasing in frequency and severity due to interactions between local, regional, and continental drivers, including land use (local) and climate change (regional) drivers. Because it is difficult to predict how phytoplankton blooms will respond to the different aspects of land use and climate change simultaneously, many researchers are using lake simulation models, which provide a powerful tool for exploring the sensitivity of ecosystems to multiple factors. In this module, students will learn how to set up a lake simulation model and "force" the model with climate and land use scenarios to test hypotheses about how local and regional drivers interact to promote or suppress phytoplankton blooms in different lakes. The overarching goal of this module is for students to explore new modeling and computing tools while learning fundamental concepts about how non-linear macrosystem-level phenomena (e.g., lake phytoplankton blooms) can occur through cross-scale interactions. The A-B-C structure of this module makes it flexible and adaptable to a range of student levels and course structures. This dataset contains instructional materials and the files necessary to run the complete module. Readers are referred to the GLM science manual (Hipsey et al. 2014) for further details on model configuration.
Data from: Spatial scale, neighbouring plants and variation in plant volatiles interactively determine the strength of host-parasitoid relationships
Species-specific responses to the environment can moderate the strength of interactions between plants, herbivores and parasitoids. However, the ways in which characteristics of plants, such as genotypic variation in herbivore induced volatiles (HIPVs) that attract parasitoids, affect trophic interactions in different contexts of plant patch size and plant neighbourhood is not well understood. We conducted a factorial field experiment with white cabbage (<i>Brassica oleracea</i>) accessions that differ in the attractiveness of their HIPVs for parasitoids, in the context of different patch sizes and presence or absence of surrounding <i>Brassica nigra</i> plants. Parasitism rates of experimentally introduced <i>Pieris brassicae</i> caterpillars and the presence of naturally occurring <i>Pieris</i> spp. caterpillars in the plots were assessed throughout the growing season. The abundance of <i>Pieris</i> caterpillars was neither affected by cabbage accession nor plot size. Later in the season, when <i>B. nigra</i> plants had senesced, fewer caterpillars were found on cabbage plants in plots with a <i>B. nigra</i> border. Parasitism rates fluctuated over the season, and were not affected by plot size. However, the <i>B. nigra</i> border negatively affected parasitism rates on the accession that is less attractive to the parasitoid <i>Cotesia glomerata</i>, but not on the more attractive accession. Our results show that plant variation in HIPVs can differentially influence herbivores and parasitoids depending on characteristics of the surrounding vegetation context. These findings underscore the importance of considering the interaction between focal plant traits and neighbourhood context to reliably predict trophic cascades.
Supporting data for "A convolution method to assess subgrid-scale interactions between flow and patchy vegetation in biogeomorphic models"
<p>Dataset necessary to reproduce the results and analyses presented in the paper:</p> <p>Gourgue, O., van Belzen, J., Schwarz, C., Bouma, T.J., van de Koppel, J. & Temmerman, S. (2020) A convolution method to assess subgrid-scale interactions between flow and patchy vegetation in biogeomorphic models, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, submitted.</p> <p>The dataset contains:</p> <ul> <li>Process-based model simulations, including their input files and the Python scripts to generate them (pre-processing), as well as the output files and Python scripts to post-process them.</li> <li>Flume experiment data processed for the model calibration.</li> <li>Python scripts to generate the figures and tables of the manuscript.</li> </ul>
Data from: The role of climate, water and biotic interactions in shaping biodiversity patterns in arid environments across spatial scales
Aim: Desert ecosystems, with their harsh environmental conditions, hold the key to understanding the responses of biodiversity to climate change. As desert community structure is influenced by processes acting at different spatial scales, studies combining multiple scales are essential for understanding the conservation requirements of desert biota. We investigated the role of environmental variables and biotic interactions in shaping broad and fine-scale patterns of diversity and distribution of bats in arid environments to understand how the expansion of nondesert species can affect the long-term conservation of desert biodiversity. Location: Levant, Eastern Mediterranean. Methods: We combine species distribution modelling and niche overlap statistics with a statistical model selection approach to integrate interspecific interactions into broadscale distribution models and fine-scale analysis of ecological requirements. We focus on competition between desert bats and mesic species that recently expanded their distribution into arid environment following anthropogenic land-use changes. Results: We show that both climate and water availability limit bat distributions and diversity across spatial scales. The broadscale distribution of bats was determined by proximity to water and high temperatures, although the latter did not affect the distribution of mesic species. At the fine-scale, high levels of bat activity and diversity were associated with increased water availability and warmer periods. Desert species were strongly associated with warmer and drier desert types. Range and niche overlap were high among potential competitors, but coexistence was facilitated through fine-scale spatial partitioning of water resources. Main conclusions: Adaptations to drier and warmer conditions allow desert-obligate species to prevail in more arid environments. However, this competitive advantage may disappear as anthropogenic activities encroach further into desert habitats. We conclude that reduced water availability in arid environments under future climate change projections pose a major threat to desert wildlife because it can affect survival and reproductive success and may increase competition over remaining water resources.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.