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375 results for “island population”
Data for an unusually dense population of Sphodros rufipes (Latreille 1829) (Mygalomorphae, Atypidae) at the edge of its range on Tuckernuck Island, Massachusetts
<p>Data submitted in fulfillment of a 2008 Nantucket Biodiversity Initiative grant.</p> <p>Paper Abstract: We counted and measured <em>Sphodros rufipes</em> (Latreille 1829) pursewebs in two survey plots on Tuckernuck Island, Massachusetts. Tuckernuck is 50 Km south of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and is entirely owned by private landowners or conservation organizations; biological research activities are supported and encouraged by residents on a limited basis. Our objectives were to quantify web density and determine the main components of the <em>S. rufipes</em> diet. We counted 479 webs in the two plots and report web densities between 0.058 and 0.18 webs/m<sup>2</sup>; denser than previously reported populations. Contrary to most previously published literature on <em>S. rufipes,</em> we noted the predominance of the grass-like sedge, <em>Carex pensylvanica,</em> rather than trees, as a web support. However, we also offer the first report of <em>S. rufipes </em>using a conifer (<em>Pinus rigida</em>) as a web support. Coleopterans and isopods made up 79 percent of the prey parts collected from 56 pursewebs. We suggest that the Tuckernuck population offers an opportunity to collect important long-term demographic data.</p> <p>Datasets:<br> sphodrosWebLocations.csv - data from two specific areas<br> sphodrosSpiderMeasurements.csv - measurements of live spiders borrowed from their webs<br> sphodrosRandomWebLocations.csv - data for webs found by happenstance<br> sphodrosDiet.csv - diet data from body parts collected from Sphodros webs<br> sphodrosDataDictionary.csv</p>
FIGURE 5 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 5 Spatial distribution of juvenile Raja clavata (<60 cm) catch per unit effort (CPUE) from annual Shetland inshore fish surveys (SIFS) conducted between 2017 and 2022. Blue crosses indicate inshore habitat surveys (20–50 m water depth), and red crosses indicate shallow water habitat surveys (50–150 m water depth). The size of circle indicates CPUE. The location of each R. clavata individual was assigned as the midpoint of the associated tow.
FIGURE 2 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 2 Catch per unit effort (CPUE) of Raja clavata for the shallow (red) (2017–2022) and inshore (blue) (2011–2022) survey locations. The mean result is shown by solid lines, and the shaded area represents the variability between tows (standard error).
FIGURE 1 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 1 Inshore (blue) and shallow (red) survey tow habitats during Shetland Inshore Fish Survey. Tows identified by their station code and corresponding fishing grounds, for example, HA01, Fitful Head.
FIGURE 4 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 4 Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) plot showing ordinations generated from a Bray–Curtis similarity matrix on Raja clavata catch per unit effort (CPUE) Bray-Curtis similarities between shallow water and inshore habitat tow locations. Surveys are grouped into shallow (red) and inshore (blue) habitats. Labels represent survey habitat and year, for example, I22 = Inshore survey conducted in 2022. nMDS plot 2D stress is 0.06, indicating a clear distinction of the two clusters (dashed lines). Inset picture shows two Raja clavata sampled in a tow; basket diameter at base is 35 cm.
FIGURE 3 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 3 Length-frequency distribution, by sex, of Raja clavata in shallow and inshore locations from 2017 to 2022. This presents raw count data, before standardization to account for tow effort. Counts are summed up across the years 2017–2022.
Data from: Genomic landscapes of divergence among island bird populations: evidence of parallel adaptation but at different loci?
<p>When populations colonise new environments they may be exposed to novel selection pressures but also suffer from extensive genetic drift due to founder effects, small population sizes, and limited interpopulation gene flow. Genomic approaches enable us to study how these factors drive divergence, and disentangle neutral effects from differentiation at specific loci due to selection. Here, we investigate patterns of genetic diversity and divergence using whole-genome resequencing (> 22X coverage) in Berthelot's pipit (<em>Anthus berthelotii</em>), a passerine endemic to the islands of three north Atlantic archipelagos. Strong environmental gradients, including in pathogen pressure, across populations in the species range, make it an excellent system in which to explore traits important in adaptation and/or incipient speciation. Firstly, we quantify how genomic divergence accumulates across the speciation continuum, i.e., among Berthelot's pipit populations, between subspecies across archipelagos, and between Berthelot's pipit and its mainland ancestor, the tawny pipit (<em>Anthus campestris</em>). Across these colonisation timeframes (2.1 million – <em>ca.</em> 8,000 years ago), we identify highly differentiated loci within genomic islands of divergence and conclude that the observed distributions align with expectations for non-neutral divergence. Characteristic signatures of selection are identified in loci associated with craniofacial/bone and eye development, metabolism, and immune response between population comparisons. Interestingly, we find limited evidence for repeated divergence of the same loci across the colonisation range but do identify different loci putatively associated with the same biological traits in different populations, likely due to parallel adaptation. Incipient speciation across these island populations, in which founder effects and selective pressures are strong, may therefore be repeatedly associated with morphology, metabolism, and immune defence.</p>
Gene drives for vertebrate pest control: realistic spatial modelling of eradication probabilities and times for island mouse populations
<p>Invasive alien species continue to threaten global biodiversity. CRISPR-based gene drives, which can theoretically spread through populations despite imparting a fitness cost, could be used to suppress or eradicate pest populations. We develop an individual-based, spatially explicit, stochastic model to simulate the ability of CRISPR-based homing and X-chromosome shredding drives to eradicate populations of invasive mice (Mus muculus) from islands. Using the model, we explore the interactive effect of the efficiency of the drive constructs and the spatial ecology of the target population on the outcome of a gene-drive release. We also consider the impact of polyandrous mating and sperm competition, which could compromise the efficacy of some gene-drive strategies. Our results show that both drive strategies could be used to eradicate large populations of mice. Whereas parameters related to drive efficiency and demography strongly influence drive performance, we find that sperm competition following polyandrous mating is unlikely to impact the outcome of an eradication effort substantially. Assumptions regarding the spatial ecology of mice influenced the probability of and time required for eradication, with short-range dispersal capabilities and limited mate-search areas producing `chase' dynamics across the island characterised by cycles of local extinction and recolonization by mice. We also show that highly efficient drives are not always optimal, when dispersal capabilities are low, rapid local population supression around the introduction sites can cause loss of the gene drive before it can spread to the entire island. We conclude that, although the design of efficient gene drives is undoubtedly critical, accurate data on the spatial ecology of target species is critical for predicting the result of a gene-drive release.</p>
Figure 2 in Indotyphlops braminus (Daudin, 1803): distribution and oldest record of collection dates in Oceania, with report of a newly established population in French Polynesia (Tahiti Island, Society Archipelago)
Figure 2. Anterior ventral area of Indotyphlops braminus MNHN-RA 2015.0057 showing the whitish gular coloration. Picture: I. Ineich.
Figure 1 in Indotyphlops braminus (Daudin, 1803): distribution and oldest record of collection dates in Oceania, with report of a newly established population in French Polynesia (Tahiti Island, Society Archipelago)
Figure 1. Two introduced specimens of Indotyphlops braminus from Tahiti Island in French Polynesia. MNHN-RA 2015.0058 above and MNHN-RA 2015.0057 below. Scale bar: 1cm. Picture: I. Ineich.
DATASET - Mass Spectrometry - Snake venom proteomics of island and mainland V. ammodytes populations from North Macedonia
<p><strong><span>This DATASET collection includes the mass spectrometry files for proteomics venom investigation of island and mainland <em>V. ammodytes</em> populations from North Macedonia.</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span>Sample list:</span></strong></p> <ol> <li><span>Island - adult - male</span></li> <li><span>Island - adult - female</span></li> <li><span>Island - juvenile</span></li> <li><span>Island - subadult</span></li> <li><span>Mainland - adult</span></li> <li><span>Mainland - subadult</span></li> <li><span>Mainland - juvenile</span></li> </ol> <p><strong><span>Folders 01-07 - BOTTOM-UP PROTEOMICS</span></strong><span>: The venom pools were investigated by the bottom-up "snake venomics" (labelled as SVX) approach and in short: separated by RP-HPLC, followed by SDS-PAGE separation and the single bands were in-gel processed by DTT, IAC and finally o/n tryptic digested. Samples submitted to HPLC-MS/MS. Early peptidic fractions of the first HPLC run were directly submitted to HPLC-MS/MS analytic w/o further gel procession. Folders 01 to 07 include the MS and MS/MS spectra of the <em>V. ammodytes</em> sample pools from different populations. Files are included as RAW and MZML format.</span></p> <p><span>Used instrument: LTQ Orbitrap XL mass spectrometer (Thermo, Bremen, Germany) with an Agilent 1260 HPLC system (Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany) using a reversed-phase Grace Vydac 218MS C18 (2.1 × 150 mm; 5 </span><span>μ</span><span>m particle size) column.</span></p> <p><span>Modifications: UNIMOD:4 - \"Iodoacetamide derivative.\"</span></p> <p><span>Used protein database: Uniprot_8750_serpentes_CanNIso_2674_entries_220210_cRAP_220210.fasta</span></p>
Figure 1 in The population structure of Mesobuthus gibbosus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) on Koufonisi Island (central Aegean Archipelago, Greece)
Figure 1: The geographic position of Koufonisi (red dot) in Greece and the location of the study site at Pori bay (in red).
Figs. 1 and 2 in Sudden appearance and population outbreak of Eunica monima (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) on Desecheo Island, Puerto Rico
Figs. 1 and 2. Eunica monima outbreak on Bursera simaruba trees on Desecheo Island, Puerto Rico, Apr 2016, following island-wide invasive rat removal. Note that the level of damage from herbivory by larvae has lef the majority of the tree canopy branches leafless (both photos). Photos by Aaron B. Shiels, 8–10 Apr 2016. Figs. 3–6. Eunica monima adults collected during their outbreak (Apr 2016) in a Bursera simaruba dominated forest on Desecheo Island, Puerto Rico, following island-wide invasive rat removal. 3. Adult and abundant empty chrysalises on the trunk of B. simaruba. 4. Adult feeding on juices from fruit of Sideroxylon obova- tum Lamarck (Sapotaceae) (photos by Juan G. García-Cancel, 14–16 Apr 2016). 5 and 6. Voucher specimen (dorsal and ventral aspects) collected from Desecheo and genetically analyzed to confirm species identification (specimen was unfortunately rubbed and tattered when received). Collection data: USA, Puerto Rico, Desecheo Island, 18.385437°N, 67.480044°W, 8 Apr 2016; collector: A. B. Shiels (photos by William P. Haines).
Figure 2 in Characterization of a Small Population of the Orangeblack Hawaiian Damselfly (Megalagrion xanthomelas) in Anchialine Pools at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Hawai'i Island
Figure 2. Male Megalagrion xanthomelas perched on pickleweed (A), a tandem pair of M. xanthomelas perched on a small branch (B), and four of the core pools where M. xanthomelas were surveyed (C–F). Note that the female M. xanthomelas (B) is probing the tip of her abdomen on the side of a branch that is above the surface of the water. The wetness of the branch suggests that it will be submerged during high tide.
Figure 1 in Characterization of a Small Population of the Orangeblack Hawaiian Damselfly (Megalagrion xanthomelas) in Anchialine Pools at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Hawai'i Island
Figure 1. Location of Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park along the Kona Coast of Hawai'i. Anchialine pools supporting Megalagrion xanthomelas are located centrally in the Park between Kaloko and 'Aimakapā Fishponds.
Figure 4 in Characterization of a Small Population of the Orangeblack Hawaiian Damselfly (Megalagrion xanthomelas) in Anchialine Pools at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Hawai'i Island
Figure 4. Frequency of ovipositing behavior on substrates relative to the water surface in the five core pools where most observations were made and in all seven core pools combined. Ovipositing behavior was rarely observed at two core pools (7 and 58) and those data are not displayed individually.
Figures 5a–f in Trapping Records of Fruit Fly Pest Species (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Oahu (Hawaiian Islands): Analysis of Spatial Population Trends
Figures 5a–f. Mean (± S.E.) captures in different habitats for B. cucurbitae in cuelure and torula yeast (a, b), B. dorsalis in methyl eugenol and torula yeast (c, d) and C. capitata in trimedlure and torula yeast (e, f) traps. Units are flies per trap per day in male lure and per week in torula yeast traps.
Figure 1 in Taxonomic status of a newly described island population of the smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) from Bozcaada (Çanakkale, Turkey)
Figure 1. Geographic positions of the smooth newt populations used. Locality information is given in Table 1. Colors correspond to the various major clades (named after Babik et al., 2005; Pabijan et al., 2015). The three studied populations are given with a different symbol (star).
Figure 2 in Taxonomic status of a newly described island population of the smooth newt Lissotriton vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) from Bozcaada (Çanakkale, Turkey)
Figure 2. Phylogenetic relationships among studied smooth newt populations based on Bayesian Inference of mtDNA sequences (16S rRNA and ND4). Node posterior probabilities> 0.90 are given with asterisks. Population numbers correspond to Figure 1 and Table 1. The studied populations are given by their full names.
Fig. 2. a in Not playing by the rules: Unusual patterns in the epidemiology of parasites in a natural population of feral horses (Equus caballus) on Sable Island, Canada
Fig. 2. a) Dictyocaulus arnfieldi first-stage larvae showing typical granular appearance and beginning of cuticular separation b) closer view of tail showing stylet, or spear.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.