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90 results for “large river”
Рис. 5. РаспреΑеΛение рыб в верхнем бьефе воΑохраниΛища по размерным группам в периоΑ осенней миграции. Размеры рыб: а — меΛкие (Αо 10 см); б — среΑние (10–20 см); в — крупные (боΛее 20 см) Fig. 5. Distribution of fish upstream of the reservoir by size during the autumn migration. Fish sizes: а — small (under 10 cm); b — medium (10–20 cm); c — large (exceeding 20 cm) in Dynamics and current status of the Amazar River ichthyofauna after the construction of the PPM «Polyarnaya» hydroelectric complex
Рис. 5. РаспреΑеΛение рыб в верхнем бьефе воΑохраниΛища по размерным группам в периоΑ осенней миграции. Размеры рыб: а — меΛкие (Αо 10 см); б — среΑние (10–20 см); в — крупные (боΛее 20 см) Fig. 5. Distribution of fish upstream of the reservoir by size during the autumn migration. Fish sizes: а — small (under 10 cm); b — medium (10–20 cm); c — large (exceeding 20 cm)
Topographic steering in mountain rivers with thousands of large bed elements
<p>Morphological control of river hydraulics, or ‘topographic steering’, influences the spatial patterning and persistence of aquatic habitats and channel-change processes. While imperative to addressing questions or problems in river engineering, fluvial geomorphology, and aquatic ecology the study of topographic steering in natural rivers is still limited, particularly amidst the landform complexity of mountain rivers. This study presents new theory, methods, and findings for investigating landform structure, hydraulics, and mechanisms by which topographic steering asserts control in mountain rivers. Using a novel combination of point-cloud processing and topographic differencing 52,926 individual boulders and bedrock outcrops were mapped within a 13.2-km segment of the mountainous Yuba River (Northern California). Employing a 15% cover threshold these large bed elements (LBEs) were identified as an important source of landform non-uniformity. Coupled with outputs from two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic modeling and an original flow pattern analysis framework, LBEs were also revealed as significantly contributing to highly non-uniform flow patterns classified during discharge simulations ranging from baseflow to a ~3.5-year flood. New metrics on flow pattern hydraulics and spatial persistence outline a spectrum of hydraulic-morphodynamic mechanisms describing stage-dependent spatial stratification of erosional and depositional tendencies. Within this continuum three hydraulic-morphodynamic conceptual models (“chutes-and-traps”, “stage-dependent dynamic mobility”, and “variable-scale topographic steering”) are proposed and tested for their relative roles in the Yuba River study site. Findings show the site is characterized by a mechanism where changing flow patterns provide a template for many combinations for sediment mobilization and deposition important to the sediment balance of the supply-limited study site.</p>
Linked collectors and determiners for: New records and diagnostic notes on large carpenter bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: genus Xylocopa Latreille), from the Amazon River basin of South America.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "New records and diagnostic notes on large carpenter bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: genus Xylocopa Latreille), from the Amazon River basin of South America". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/e23922d1-6f43-4280-8ac6-131767dc4464">https://bionomia.net/dataset/e23922d1-6f43-4280-8ac6-131767dc4464</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/e23922d1-6f43-4280-8ac6-131767dc4464">https://gbif.org/dataset/e23922d1-6f43-4280-8ac6-131767dc4464</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Fig. 8 in Systematics and biogeography of Sternarchellini (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae): Diversification of electric fishes in large Amazonian rivers
Fig. 8. PCA scatter plot of species in the S. terminalis species group. Loadings of all 13 variables for PC2 reported in lower panel. Sternarchella terminalis represented as squares (n= 45), S. orthos as circles (n= 54), and Sternarchella sp. A represented as an X (n= 1).
Data from: Using environmental DNA metabarcoding to monitor fish communities in small rivers and large brooks: Insights on the spatial scale of information
<p><span>Monitoring fish communities is central to the evaluation of ecological health of rivers. Not only presence/absence of species is important to assess, but also the species composition of local fish assemblages is a crucial parameter. Lotic fish communities are traditionally monitored via electrofishing, characterized by a known limited efficiency and high survey costs. The use of environmental DNA-based analyses could serve as a non-destructive alternative, but this approach requires further insights in practical sampling schemes incorporating transport and dilution of the eDNA fragments; as well as optimization of molecular detection in terms of predictive power and quality assurance. By introducing fifteen species known to occur in Belgian waters via a controlled cage experiment, we aim to extend the knowledge on streamreach of eDNA in small rivers and large brooks, as laid out in the European Water Framework Directive's water typology. Introducing fish communities in two transects of a species poor river characterized by contrasting river discharge rates, we found strong and significant correlations between the eDNA relative abundances and the relative biomass per species in the cage community. Despite a decreasing correlation over distance, the underlying community composition remained stable over a distance of 300 m up to 1 km downstream of the cages, depending on the river discharge rate. Such decrease in similarity between relative source biomass and the corresponding eDNA-based community profile with increasing distance downstream from the source, can partly be attributed to variation in species-specific eDNA persistence. Our findings offer novel insights on eDNA behaviour and characterization of riverine fish communities. We conclude that water sampled from a relatively small river offers an adequate snapshot of the total fish community composition occurring within an upstream perimeter ranging between 300 and 1000 meters. The potential application for other river systems is discussed in this study. </span></p>
Data for: Landscape diversity promotes stable food web architectures in large rivers
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Supporting isotopic data for: Differential utilization of submerged leaf litter by microbial biofilms and macroinvertebrates in a large dryland river
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Geomorphology shapes relationships between animal communities and ecosystem function in large rivers
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Data from: Using environmental DNA metabarcoding to monitor fish communities in small rivers and large brooks: Insights on the spatial scale of information
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Supporting Datasets produced in Allen et al. (2020) Timing of Landsat Overpasses Effectively Captures Flow Conditions of Large Rivers
<p><strong>Supporting Datasets produced in Allen et al. (2020) Timing of Landsat Overpasses Effectively Captures Flow Conditions of Large Rivers </strong></p> <p>Published in <em>Remote Sensing </em>(DOI coming soon)</p> <p><strong>Description:</strong></p> <p>These CSV tables contain daily discharge data of large rivers measured by USGS gauges. We used overpass timing and cloud cover information for Landsat 5, 7, and 8 over a 35-year study period. Code that was used to produce, process and analyze these data can be found in the following code repository: <a href="https://github.com/geoallen/ROTFL">https://github.com/geoallen/ROTFL</a></p> <p><strong>About the data:</strong></p> <p>Each column contains data from an individual gauge. The column name is the USGS gauge number. If the gauge number (column name) is 7 digits, it is understood that the number begins with a zero (all gauge numbers are 8 digits; this is only important if you are re-downloading data). </p> <p>All tables are equal dimensions. The position of a discharge measurement in the DischargeValues table can be used to look up it’s date recorded/qualification code in the Dates and Codes tables as every row-col combination refers to the same measurement. </p> <p>Measurements span data range: 1984-01-01 to 2019-08-13 <br> DischargeValues = Discharge recorded in cubic feet per second <br> DischargeDates = Unix date that discharge measurement was recorded on. <br> DischargeCodes = Daily Value Qualification Code </p>
Small fish, large river: surprisingly minimal genetic structure in a dispersal-limited, habitat specialist fish
<p>Genetic connectivity is expected to be lower in species with limited dispersal ability and a high degree of habitat specialization (intrinsic factors). Also, gene flow is predicted to be limited by habitat conditions such as physical barriers and geographic distance (extrinsic factors). We investigated the effects of distance, intervening pools, and rapids on gene flow in a species, the Tuxedo Darter (<i>Etheostoma lemniscatum</i>), a habitat specialist that is presumed to be dispersal-limited. We predicted that the interplay between these intrinsic and extrinsic factors would limit dispersal and lead to genetic structure even at the small spatial scale of the species range (a 38.6 km river reach). The simple linear distribution of <i>E. lemniscatum </i>allowed for an ideal test of how these factors acted on gene flow and allowed us to test expectations (e.g., isolation-by-distance) of linearly distributed species. Using 20 microsatellites from 163 individuals collected from 18 habitat patches, we observed low levels of genetic structure that were related to geographic distance and rapids, though these factors were not barriers to gene flow. Pools separating habitat patches did not contribute to any observed genetic structure. Overall, <i>E. lemniscatum</i> maintains gene flow across its range and is comprised of a single population. Due to the linear distribution of the species, a stepping stone model of dispersal best explains the maintenance of gene flow across its small range. In general, our observation of higher than expected connectivity likely stems from an adaptation to disperse due to temporally unstable and patchy habitat.</p>
Data from: Organic matter and nutrient inputs from large wildlife influence ecosystem function in the Mara River, Africa
Animals can be important vectors for the movement of resources across ecosystem boundaries. Animals add resources to ecosystems primarily through egestion, excretion and carcasses, and the stoichiometry and bioavailability of these inputs likely interacts with characteristics of the recipient ecosystem to determine their effects on ecosystem function. We studied the influence of hippopotamus excretion/egestion and wildebeest carcasses, and their interactions with discharge, in the Mara River, Kenya. We measured nutrient dissolution and decomposition rates of wildlife inputs, the influence of inputs on nutrient concentrations and nutrient limitation in the river and the influence of inputs on biofilm growth and function in both experimental streams and along a gradient of inputs in the river. We found that hippopotamus excretion/egestion increase ammonium and coarse particulate organic matter in the river, and wildebeest carcasses increase ammonium, soluble reactive phosphorus, and total phosphorus. Concentrations of dissolved carbon and nutrients in the water column increased along a gradient of wildlife inputs and during low discharge, although concentrations of particulate carbon decreased during low discharge due to deposition on the river bottom. Autotrophs were nitrogen-limited, and heterotrophs were carbon-limited and nitrogen- and phosphorus- co-limited, upstream of animal inputs, but there was no nutrient limitation downstream of inputs. In experimental streams, hippo and wildebeest inputs together increased biofilm GPP and R. These results differed in the river, where low concentrations of hippo inputs increased gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (R) of biofilms, but high concentrations of hippo inputs in conjunction with wildebeest inputs decreased GPP. Our research shows that inputs from large wildlife alleviate nutrient limitation and stimulate ecosystem metabolism in the Mara River, and that the extent to which these inputs subsidize the ecosystem is mediated by the quantity and quality of inputs and discharge of the river ecosystem. Thus, animal inputs provide an important ecological subsidy to this river, and animal inputs were likely important in many other rivers prior to the widespread extirpation of large wildlife.
Pairing Remote Sensing and Clustering in Landscape Hydrology for Large-Scale Changes Identification. Applications to the Subarctic Watershed of the George River (Nunavik, Canada). Dataset and Code.
<p>For remote and vast northern watersheds, hydrological data are often sparse and incomplete. Landscape hydrology provides useful approaches for the indirect assessment of the hydrological characteristics of watersheds through analysis of landscape properties. In this study, we used unsupervised Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GeOBIA) paired with the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering algorithm to produce seven high-resolution territorial classifications of key remotely sensed hydro-geomorphic metrics for the 1985-2019 time-period, each spanning five years. Our study site is the George River watershed (GRW), a 42,000 km<sup>2</sup> watershed located in Nunavik, northern Quebec (Canada). The subwatersheds within the GRW, used as the objects of the GeOBIA, were classified as a function of their hydrological similarities. Classification results for the period 2015-2019 showed that the GRW is composed of two main types of subwatersheds distributed along a latitudinal gradient, which indicates broad-scale differences in hydrological regimes and water balances across the GRW. Six classifications were computed for the period 1985-2014 to investigate past changes in hydrological regime. The seven-classification time series showed a homogenization of subwatershed types associated to increases in vegetation productivity and in water content<br> in soil and vegetation, mostly concentrated in the northern half of the GRW, which were the major changes occurring in the land cover metrics of the GRW. An increase in vegetation productivity likely contributed to an augmentation in evapotranspiration and may be a primary driver of fundamental shifts in the GRW water balance, potentially explaining a measured decline of about 1 % (∼ 0.16 km<sup>3</sup>y<sup>−1</sup>) in the George River’s discharge since the mid-1970s. Permafrost degradation over the study period also likely affected the hydrological regime and water balance of the GRW. However, the shifts in permafrost extent and active layer thickness remain difficult to detect using remote sensing based approaches, particularly in areas of discontinuous and sporadic permafrost.</p>
Mangroves as nature-based mitigation for ENSO-driven compound flood risks in a large river delta: supporting data - high water levels
<p>This dataset contains modelled high water levels in the Guayas delta supporting the paper 'Mangroves as nature-based mitigation for ENSO-driven compound flood risks in a large river delta' published in HESS 2024.</p> <p>The dataset is organised through two folders:</p> <ul> <li>mangroves: all data from the scenarios with mangroves included in the domain</li> <li>no_mangroves: all data from the scenarios without mangroves included in the domain</li> </ul> <p>Each folder is further divided along 6 subfolders:</p> <ul> <li>I: El Niño Ocean & river</li> <li>II: El Niño Ocean</li> <li>III: El Niño river</li> <li>IV: Neutral</li> <li>I_50per: 50 % increase in seaward El Niño anomalies</li> <li>I_150per: 150 % increase in seaward El Niño anomalies</li> </ul> <p>Each folder contains two files:</p> <ul> <li>vars.csv - each row represents a mesh node and there are three columns: <ul> <li>X: x value of the model mesh node [m]</li> <li>Y: y value of the model mesh node [m]</li> <li>HIGH_WATER: high water level [m]</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Supplementary Data for A large-scale transcontinental river system crossed West Antarctica during the Eocene
<p>The file contains supplementary figures to the paper "A large-scale transcontinental river crossed West Antarctica during the Eocene", by Max Zundel, Cornelia Spiegel, Chris Mark, Ian Millar, David Chew, Johann Klages, Karsten Gohl, CD Hillenbrand, Yani Najman, Ulrich Salzmann, Werner Ehrmann, Jürgen Titschack, Thorsten Bauersachs, Gabi Uenzelmann-Neben, Torsten Bickert, Jule Müller, Frank Lisker, Steve Bohaty, Gerd Kuhn, and the Science Team of Polarstern Expedition PS104, published in Science Advances</p> <p><a name="_Hlk153790947"></a></p>
N2 and N2O concentrations and fluxes for the six large river networks in China
<p>This dataset is a collation of 4-year direct measurement values of N<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O concentrations and fluxes for the six large river networks in China, along with information on location, hydrological, physical, and chemical conditions of the 56 sampling sites. These data will be very valuable for balancing the regional and global N budget. In addition, the Monte Carlo simulation code for upscaling and analyzing uncertainties are presented here.</p> <p> </p>
Bed topography of the large-scale meandering rivers at dynamic equilibrium state
<p>The simulation results for the bed topography of the 42 large-scale testbed rivers at dynamic equilibrium (along with instantaneous bed shear stress distributions) are presented.</p>
Mean bed shear stress of large-scale meandering rivers
<p>The source files (in Tecplot, and readable by ParaView) are the mean bed shear stress distribution of the 42 testbed rivers.</p>
Data from: Environmental filtering of macroinvertebrate traits influences ecosystem functioning in a large river floodplain
<p>The Biodiversity-Ecosystem Function hypothesis postulates that higher biodiversity is correlated with faster ecosystem process rates and increased ecosystem stability in fluctuating environments. Exhibiting high spatio-temporal habitat diversity, floodplains are highly productive ecosystems, supporting communities that are naturally resilient and highly diverse. </p> <p>We examined linkages among floodplain wetland habitats, invertebrate communities and their associated traits, and ecosystem function across 60 sites within the floodplain wetlands of the lower Wolastoq | Saint John River, New Brunswick, using structural equation modelling and Threshold Indicator Taxa ANalysis (TITAN2). </p> <p>We identified key environmental filters structuring invertebrate communities, by linking increased niche differentiation through shoreline change, flood pulse dynamics, and macrophyte bed complexity with increased taxa and functional diversity. </p> <p>Examination of traits linked to ecosystem functions revealed that more resilient wetlands with balance between primary productivity and decomposition as carbon sources were associated with greater functional evenness and richness, while habitat patches with elevated decomposition rates had lower functional richness, reflecting a simplified, more disturbed habitat. </p> <p>While our more complex overarching SEM model was ultimately compromised by an overspecified number of pathways, our results nevertheless are indicative of a divergence between wetland and riverine ecosystems in their relationships linking biodiversity and ecosystem function, illustrating how to define ecosystem health in wetland habitats, and demonstrating how critical functions support healthy wetland habitats by providing increased resilience to disturbance.</p>
Data from: Variations of trophic structure and niche space in fish community along a highly regulated subtropical large river
<p><span>The trophic interactions between consumers and resources play a vital role in the stability of communities.</span><span> In river systems, fragmentation of natural habitats and environmental changes alters the energy basis and community composition, consequently leading to variations in the community's trophic structure and niche space. However, our understanding of how the trophic structure responds to environmental changes is still very limited. Here, based on stable isotope data, we explored and compared trophic positions (TPs), community-wide trophic metrics, and isotope niche space of fish communities in three reaches with different hydrogeomorphic conditions along a highly regulated subtropical river over three seasons. The community trophic structure and niche space showed notable spatiotemporal variations. Overall, the downstream reach had lower</span> <span>TPs and trophic</span><span> diversity but higher trophic redundancy. The middle reach occupied a wider isotope niche space than other reaches, with the largest niche size during autumn. Furthermore, the niche overlap was relatively high in winter between reaches and in the downstream between seasons. The results implied a homogenization of feeding functional groups and energy flow pathways of species in the downstream community associated with the change of energy source and stability of hydrological conditions.</span> <span>The relationship between trophic structure and environmental factors suggested that the dam-induced alteration in hydrological-related aspects may drive the changes in the functional group composition, together with changes in energy basis, resulting in differences in the trophic structure of the community. The results of the present study deepen our understanding of how ecosystem functions respond to disturbance,</span> <span>thus contributing to an improved ability to conserve river ecosystems.</span></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.