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77 results for “limestone karst”
FIGURE 3. Morphological comparison between Pseudochirita trifoliata T.V in Pseudochirita trifoliata (Gesneriaceae), a new species from karst limestone in northern Vietnam
FIGURE 3. Morphological comparison between Pseudochirita trifoliata T.V.Do & F.Wen sp. nov. (t) and P. guangxiensis (S.Z.Huang) W.T.Wang (g). A. Leaf insertion on the nodes (3-whorled in P. trifoliata, and opposite in P. guangxiensis); B. Adaxial leaf surfaces; C. Abaxial leaf surfaces; D. Cymes; E. Peduncle indumentum; F. Top view of corolla and calyx; G. Lateral view of corolla and calyx; H. Front view of corolla; I. Cut opened corolla and calyx, and pistil; J. Outside surfaces of cut opened calyx; K. Inner surfaces of cut opened calyx; L. Stamens with anthers and filaments; M. Pistil and discs; N. Top view of stigmas; O. Lateral view of stigmas. (All photos by De- Chang Meng and Fang Wen from living plants of the two species)
FIGURE 2. Pseudochirita trifoliata T.V in Pseudochirita trifoliata (Gesneriaceae), a new species from karst limestone in northern Vietnam
FIGURE 2. Pseudochirita trifoliata T.V.Do & F.Wen sp. nov. A–B. Habitat & habit; C. Leaves in whorls of 3 (red arrow); D. Adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces; E. Dichasial cyme inflorescence; F. Oblique frontal view of open flower and involucrate, semi-orbicular bracts (red arrow); G. Densely glandular indumentum outside of bracts; H. Glabrous inside of bracts; I. Infundibuliform calyx; J. Two longitudinally sectioned flowers showing internal floral parts and calyx plus pistil; K. Abaxial part of a longitudinally sectioned corolla tube showing two stamens (white arrow) and two staminodes (red arrow); L. Shape and colour of a range of pistil; M. Close up of an unequally 2- lobed stigma; N. Infructescence; O. Close up of maturing oblong capsules. (All photos by Do Van Truong from the population at the type locality)
FIGURE 4 in Pseudochirita trifoliata (Gesneriaceae), a new species from karst limestone in northern Vietnam
FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Pseudochirita trifoliata in northern Vietnam (localities indicated by black dots)
FIGURE 1 in Pseudochirita trifoliata (Gesneriaceae), a new species from karst limestone in northern Vietnam
FIGURE 1. Holotype of Pseudochirita trifoliata T.V.Do & F.Wen sp. nov. (Do Van Truong ĐVT 371 (deposited at VNMN). (Photo by Do Van Truong)
Immigration dynamics of tropical and subtropical Southeast Asian limestone karst floras
<p><i>Ex situ </i>origins and dispersal of taxa have played important roles in the assembly of island-like biodiversity hotspots. Insular limestone karsts in Southeast Asia are hotspots of biodiversity and endemism, but the immigration processes of their unique floras are still poorly known. Here, we used Gesneriaceae as a proxy to investigate immigration dynamics of tropical and subtropical Southeast Asian karst floras. We show that immigration into subtropical Southeast Asian karst floras first occurred in the early Miocene, with two peaks in the early to middle Miocene and the Pliocene to early Pleistocene, whereas immigration into tropical Southeast Asian karsts initiated in the late Eocene, with two peaks in the late Oligocene and the late Miocene. The rich geological and ecological diversities of different regions, together with habitat isolation due to climatic changes, might be responsible for the different immigration patterns. We also discover that Southeast Asian karst biodiversity comprises a mix of immigrant pre-adapted lineages and descendants from local acid soil ancestors, although niche shift from acid soil to karst in tropical Southeast Asian islands was lacking. <span>These </span><span>findings</span> <span>provide insights into </span><span>how</span> <span>Southeast </span><span>Asian </span><span>k</span><span>arst</span><span>s</span><span> respond to ongoing climate change and are of particular importance for</span><span> their </span><span>conservation planning</span><span>.</span></p>
FIGURE 5 in A new species in the Cyrtodactylus intermedius (Squamata: Gekkonidae) group from an isolated limestone karst formation in southwestern Cambodia
FIGURE 5. Photographs of C. regicavernicolus sp. nov. in preservative. A. Rostral region of holotype male CBC 03257 illustrating rostral bordered posteriorly by a single internasal scale (arrow). B. Precloacal region of holotype male CBC 03257 precloacal pores (arrows). C. Precloacal region of paratype female CBC 03298 illustrating precloacal pits (arrows).
FIGURE 4 in A new species in the Cyrtodactylus intermedius (Squamata: Gekkonidae) group from an isolated limestone karst formation in southwestern Cambodia
FIGURE 4. Photographs of C. regicavernicolus sp. nov. in life. A. Holotype adult male CBC 03257. B. Paratype adult male CBC 03259. C. Unsexed juvenile CBC 03263 from holotype locality. Photographs by Thy Neang.
FIGURE 1. A in A new species in the Cyrtodactylus intermedius (Squamata: Gekkonidae) group from an isolated limestone karst formation in southwestern Cambodia
FIGURE 1. A. Map illustrating the type localities of C. regicavernicolus sp. nov. (circle) and its closest relatives in both phylogeny and geography, C. laangensis (pentagon) and C. bokorensis (triangle). B. Paratype (CBC 03259) locality of C. regicavernicolus sp. nov. C. Holotype locality of C. regicavernicolus sp. nov. at Phnom Preah Kuhear Loung. Photograph by Saveng Ith.
FIGURE 3. A in A new species in the Cyrtodactylus intermedius (Squamata: Gekkonidae) group from an isolated limestone karst formation in southwestern Cambodia
FIGURE 3. A. MFA of the closest relatives of Cyrtodactylus regicavernicolus sp. nov. B. Percent contributions of each data type to the inertia of MFA dimensions 1–4. The red dotted line is the average value if all characters contributed equally to the amount of variation.
FIGURE 2 in A new species in the Cyrtodactylus intermedius (Squamata: Gekkonidae) group from an isolated limestone karst formation in southwestern Cambodia
FIGURE 2. Fifty percent majority-rule consensus phylogram resulting from partitioned Bayesian analysis of 1,035 characters of the coding region of the mitochondrial ND2 gene from Cyrtodactylus geckos. Numbers at nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities (left) and bootstrap values ≥ 50 from a separate maximum likelihood analysis (right). Species names are followed by voucher numbers (where known) and GenBank accession numbers in parentheses. The holotype of C. regicavernicolus sp. nov. is illustrated.
FIGURE 16. Polystichum superum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 16. Polystichum superum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Habit of plants.—B. Portion of abaxial lamina.
FIGURE 14. Polystichum rectum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 14. Polystichum rectum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Habit.—B. Portion of abaxial lamina.—C. Portion of adaxial lamina.
FIGURE 12. Polystichum pingbianense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 12. Polystichum pingbianense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Habit of plants.—B. Portion of abaxial lamina.—C. Apex of lamina.
FIGURE 11. Polystichum pingbianense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 11. Polystichum pingbianense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Habitat and plant.—B. Adaxial view of leaves.—C, F. Abaxial views of laminae.—E. Lower portion of leaf.—G. Portion of abaxial lamina.—H. Sporangium before dehiscence.—K. Equatorial views of spores with and partially without perispores under SEM.—J. Portion of the village where the new species was discovered.
FIGURE 10. Polystichum oblongipinnarum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 10. Polystichum oblongipinnarum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Habit of plants.—B. Adaxial lamina.—C. Abaxial lamina.
FIGURE 15. Polystichum superum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 15. Polystichum superum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Habitat and plant.—B. Petioles.—C–E, G, H. Portions of abaxial lamina.—D, E. Portions of rachises with pinnae.—F, L. Polar and equatorial views of spores under SEM.—J. Sporangium before dehiscence.—K. Outside view of the cave where the new species was discovered.
FIGURE 13. Polystichum rectum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 13. Polystichum rectum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Habitat and plant.—B. Portions of petioles.—C. Abaxial view of leaf.—D, E. Portions of rachises with pinnae.—F. Portion of abaxial lamina.—G, K. Polar and equatorial views of spores with and without perispores under SEM.—H. Sporangium before dehiscence.—J. Limestone mountain where the new species was discovered.
FIGURE 9. Polystichum oblongipinnarum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 9. Polystichum oblongipinnarum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Habitat and plant.—B. Abaxial view of lamina.—C. Adaxial view of lamina.—D. Portion of lamina.—E, F. Outside and inside views of the cave where the new species was discovered.
FIGURE 8. Polystichum malipoense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 8. Polystichum malipoense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Two leaves.—B. Portion of abaxial lamina.
FIGURE 7. Polystichum malipoense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q in Eight new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from limestone caves in Guangdong and Yunnan, China, with reference to species diversity in the karst terrains at high elevations in subtropical areas
FIGURE 7. Polystichum malipoense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu.—A. Habitat and plant.—B. Adaxial view of leaves.—C. Abaxial view of lamina.—D. Portion of abaxial lamina.—E. Adaxial view of pinna.—F. Portions of petioles.—G. Portion of pinna.—H, K. Polar and equatorial views of spores with and without perispores under SEM.—J. Inside view of the cave where the new species was discovered.
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