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2,315 results for “maintainability”
Survival-associated cellular response maintained in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) switched between soft and stiff 3D microgel culture
<div> <div> <div> <div> <p>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for about 90% of all pancreatic cancer cases. Five-year survival rates have remained below 12% since the 1970s, in part due to the difficulty in detection before metastasis (migration and invasion into neighboring organs and glands). Mechanical memory is a concept that has emerged over the past decade that may provide a path towards understanding how invading PDAC cells "remember" the mechanical properties of their diseased ("stiff," elastic modulus, E ≈ 10 kPa) microenvironment even whilst invading a healthy ("soft," E ≈ 1 kPa) microenvironment. Here, we investigated the role of mechanical priming by culturing a dilute suspension of PDAC (FG) cells within a 3D, rheologically tunable microgel platform from hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties. We conducted a suite of acute (short-term) priming studies where we cultured PDAC cells in either a soft (E ≈ 1 kPa) or stiff (E ≈ 10 kPa) environment for 6 h, then removed and placed them into a new soft or stiff 3D environment for another 18 h. Following these steps, we conducted RNA-seq analyses to quantify gene expression. Initial priming in 3D culture showed persistent gene expression for the duration of the study, regardless of the subsequent environments (stiff or soft). Stiff 3D culture was associated with the down-regulation of tumor suppressors (LATS1, BCAR3, CDKN2C ), as well as the up-regulation of cancer-associated genes (RAC3). Immunofluorescence staining (BCAR3, RAC3) further supported the persistence of this cellular response, with BCAR3 upregulated in soft culture, and RAC3 upregulated in stiff-primed culture. Stiff-primed genes were stratified against patient data found in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Upregulated genes in stiff-primed 3D culture were associated with decreased survival in patient data, suggesting a link between patient survival and mechanical priming.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Data associated with "The Role of Magma Oceans in Maintaining Surface Water on Rocky Planets Orbiting M-Dwarfs"
<p>The data included here involves all simulations outlined in the manuscript "The Role of Magma Oceans in Maintaining Surface Water on Rocky Planets Orbiting M-Dwarfs", submitted to MNRAS. Files are divided between models with and without a basal magma ocean, as well as different host stars, different magma ocean saturation limits, and different fringe/sensitivity analysis checks. Files are further sub-divided based on our studied parameter space: each is for a single orbital distance within the habitable zone, and a single initial water inventory. "MO_only" files correspond to the concurrent surface magma ocean/runaway greenhouse phase, while "combined_MO_cycling" files correspond to the deep-water cycling period.</p>
Density dependence maintains long-term stability despite increased isolation and inbreeding in the Florida Scrub-Jay
<p>Isolation caused by anthropogenic habitat fragmentation can destabilize populations. Populations relying on the inflow of immigrants can face reduced fitness due to inbreeding depression as fewer new individuals arrive. Empirical studies of the demographic consequences of isolation are critical to understanding how populations persist through changing conditions. We used a 34-year demographic and environmental dataset from a population of cooperatively-breeding Florida Scrub-Jays (<em>Aphelocoma coerulescens</em>) to create mechanistic models linking environmental and demographic factors to population growth rates. We found that the population has not declined despite both declining immigration and increasing inbreeding, owing to a coinciding response in breeder survival. We find evidence of density-dependent immigration, breeder survival, and fecundity, indicating that interactions between vital rates and local density play a role in buffering the population against change. Our study elucidates the impacts of isolation on demography and how long-term stability is maintained via demographic responses.</p>
Fig. 6 in Captive individuals of endangered Philippine raptors maintain native feather mites (Acariformes: Pterolichoidea) species
Fig. 6. Pseudalloptinus pithecophagae sp. n. details. A – opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B–D – legs I–III of male, respectively, E – tibia and tarsus IV of male, G – tibia and tarsus IV of female, H – spermatheca and spermaducts.
Fig. 3 in Captive individuals of endangered Philippine raptors maintain native feather mites (Acariformes: Pterolichoidea) species
Fig. 3. Hieracolichus philippinensis sp. n. details. A – opisthosoma of male, dorsal view B–D – genua, tibiae and tarsi I–III of male, respectively, E – tibia and tarsus IV of male, G – tibia and tarsus IV of female, H – spermatheca and spermaducts.
Fig. 9 in Captive individuals of endangered Philippine raptors maintain native feather mites (Acariformes: Pterolichoidea) species
Fig. 9. Pseudogabucinia nisaeti sp. n. details. A – opisthosoma of male, ventral view, B–D – genu, tibia and tarsus I–III of male, respectively, dorsal view, E – tibia and tarsus IV of male, F, G – tibia and tarsus III and IV of female, respectively, G – tibia and tarsus IV of female, H – spermatheca and spermaducts.
Fig. 10 in Captive individuals of endangered Philippine raptors maintain native feather mites (Acariformes: Pterolichoidea) species
Fig. 10. Phylogenetic tree of EF1 sequences from pterolichoid feather mites available in GenBank (black) with feather mites from Philippine raptors studied (red); tree topology was reconstructed in the RaxML program. Values of the statistical support (are given above the branches if they exceed 65%) were computed by following methods: Mr. Bayes/ML (by RaxML) and NJ (by Mega6). ABGD and GMYC marks represent significant nodes (p <0.05). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Dataset for the article Maintaining favourable carbon balance in boreal clay soil is challenging even under no-till and crop diversification
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Data accompanying "HSP70 inhibits CHIP E3 ligase activity to maintain germline function in Caenorhabditis elegans" article.
<p>This work was funded by the National Science Centre, Poland (grant PRELUDIUM number 2021/41/N/NZ1/03086) (to P.T.) and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC 2030 – 390661388 and – FOR 5504 – project number 496650118 (to T.H.). M.T.P. received support by the Cologne Graduate School of Aging Research. N.A.S., A.S., K.J., and M.N. were supported by the International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw.</p>
Slower environmental cycles maintain greater life-history variation within populations
<p>Populations in nature are comprised of individual life histories, whose variation underpins ecological and evolutionary processes. Yet the forces of environmental selection that shape intrapopulation life-history variation are still not well understood, and efforts have largely focused on random (stochastic) fluctuations of the environment. However, a ubiquitous mode of environmental fluctuation in nature is cyclical, whose periodicities can change independently of stochasticity. Here we test theoretically-based hypotheses for whether shortened ('Fast') or lengthened ('Slow') environmental cycles should generate higher intrapopulation variation of life history phenotypes. We show, through a combination of individual-based modelling and a multi-generational laboratory selection experiment using the tidepool copepod Tigriopus californicus, that slower environmental cycles maintain higher levels of intrapopulation variation. Surprisingly, the effect of environmental periodicity on variation was much stronger than that of stochasticity. Thus, our results show that periodicity is an important facet of fluctuating environments for life-history variation.</p>
PAMAM-G4 protect the N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide (HO-AAVPA) and maintain its antiproliferative effects on MCF-7 (Dataset).
<p>Our work group designed and synthesized a promissory compound N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2- propylpentanamide (HO-AAVPA). The HO-AAVPA which is a HDAC1 inhibitor and antiproliferative in cancer cell lines. However, HO-AAVPA is poor water solubility and enzymatically metabolized. In this work, the fourth-generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM-G4) was used as a drug deliver nanocarrier of HO-AAVPA. Moreover, HO-AAVPA and HO-AAVPA-PAMAM complex were submitted to forced degradation studies (heat, acid, base, oxidation and sunlight). Also, the HO-AAVPA- PAMAM-G4 complex was assayed as antiproliferative in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The HO AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex was obtained by docking and experimentally using three pH conditions: acid (pH = 3.0), neutral (pH = 7.0) and basic (pH = 9.0) showing that PAMAM-G4 is captured and protect the HO-AAVPA from forced degradation, it is due to sunlight yielded a by-product from HO-AAVPA. In addition, the PAMAM-G4 favored the HO-AAVPA water solubility under basic and neutral pH conditions with significant difference (F <sub>(2,18)</sub> =259.9, p<0.001) between the slopes of the three conditions being the basic condition which solubilizes the greatest amount of HO-AAVPA. Finally, the HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex showed better antiproliferative effects on MCF-7 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 75.3 μM) than HO-AAVPA (IC<sub>50</sub> = 192 μM). These results evidence that PAMAM- G4 complex improve the biological effects of HO-AAVPA.</p>
Adaptation to distinct habitats is maintained by contrasting selection at different life stages in sunflower ecotypes
<p><span>Conspecific populations living in adjacent but contrasting microenvironments represent excellent systems for studying natural selection. These systems are valuable because gene flow is expected to force genetic homogeneity except at loci experiencing divergent selection. A history of reciprocal transplant and common garden studies in such systems, and a growing number of genomic studies, have contributed to understanding how selection operates in natural populations. While selection can vary across different fitness components and life stages, few studies have investigated how this ultimately affects allele frequencies and the maintenance of divergence between populations. Here, we study two sunflower ecotypes in distinct, adjacent habitats by combining demographic models with genome-wide sequence data to estimate fitness and allele frequency change at multiple life stages. This framework allows us to estimate that only local ecotypes are likely to experience positive population growth</span> <span>(λ>1) and that the maintenance of divergent adaptation appears to be mediated via habitat- and life-stage-specific selection. We identify genetic variation, significantly driven by loci in chromosomal inversions, associated with different life history strategies in neighbouring ecotypes that optimize different fitness components and may contribute to the maintenance of distinct ecotypes. </span></p>
Sexual recombination and temporal gene flow maintain host resistance and genetic diversity
<p>Infectious disease can threaten host populations. Hosts can rapidly evolve resistance during epidemics, with this evolution often modulated by fitness trade-offs (e.g., between resistance and fecundity). However, many organisms switch between asexual and sexual reproduction, and this shift in reproductive strategy can also alter how resistance in host populations persists through time. Recombination can shuffle alleles selected for during an asexual phase, uncoupling the combinations of alleles that facilitated resistance to parasites and altering the distribution of resistance phenotypes in populations. Furthermore, in host species that produce diapausing propagules (e.g., seeds, spores, or resting eggs) after sex, accumulation of propagules into and gene flow out of a germ bank introduce allele combinations from past populations. Thus, recombination and gene flow might shift populations away from the trait distribution reached after selection by parasites. To understand how recombination and gene flow alter host population resistance, we tracked the genotypic diversity and resistance distributions of two wild populations of cyclical parthenogens. In one population, resistance and genetic diversity increased after recombination whereas, in the other, recombination did not shift already high resistance and genetic diversity. In both lakes, resistance remained high after temporal gene flow. This observation surprised us: due to costs to resistance imposed by a fecundity-resistance trade-off, we expected that high population resistance would be a transient state that would be eroded through time by recombination and gene flow. Instead, low resistance was the transient state, while recombination and gene flow re-established or maintained high resistance to this virulent parasite. We propose this outcome may have been driven by the joint influence of fitness trade-offs, genetic slippage after recombination, and temporal gene flow via the egg bank.</p>
Antigravitropic PIN polarization maintains non-vertical growth in lateral roots
<p>Datasets and gel images associated with the manuscript: <strong>Antigravitropic PIN polarization maintains non-vertical growth in lateral roots. </strong></p>
Data, Scripts underlying the publication: Identifying the critical turbidity threshold to maintain estuarine tidal flats worldwide
<p>Data & Scripts featured in the currently unpublished manuscript (as of 21-07-2023) Grandjean et al.: 'Identifying the critical turbidity threshold to maintain estuarine tidal flats worldwide'. This study explores the relationship between tidal range and turbidity concentrations on the morphological trajectory of unvegetated tidal flats at a global scale. These files include the scripts used to produce digital elevation models per estuary.</p> <p> </p>
Adaptive alien genes are maintained amidst a vanishing introgression footprint in a sea squirt
<p>This zenodo archive contains the multi-locus genotype tables for the paper "Falling shoulders ahead: adaptive alien genes maintained amidst vanishing introgression footprint in sea squirts". There are three files in this archive:</p> <ul> <li>Ci_KASP_genotypes_2012.csv: genotype table for individuals sampled in 2012</li> <li>Ci_KASP_genotypes_2021.csv: genotype table for individuals sampled in 2021 as well as control individuals from the two <em>Ciona</em> species</li> <li>Ci_KASP_genotypes_hybrids.csv: genotype table for control hybrids</li> </ul>
Within and between population comparisons suggest independently acting selection maintaining parallel clines in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)
<p>Parallel clines in traits related to adaptation in a species can be due to independent selection on a pair of traits, or due to selection in one trait resulting in a parallel cline in a correlated trait. To distinguish between the mechanisms giving rise to parallel adaptive population divergence of multiple traits along an environmental gradient we need to study variation, correlations, and selective forces within individual populations along the gradient. In many tree species, budset timing forms a latitudinal cline, and parallel clinal variation is also found in other seedling traits, such as first year height and fall frost injury. In this study, we set up a common garden experiment with open pollinated progeny from natural populations of Scots pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em>), with one large sample from single population (500 families) and smaller samples from across a latitudinal gradient. Budset timing, first year height and induced fall frost injury were first measured in a greenhouse. The seedlings were then planted in the field, where survival and height were measured at the age of nine years as fitness proxies. We compared between and within population variation and genetic correlations of these three seedling traits, and estimated selection gradients at the family level in our main population, taking into account the potential effects of seed weight. Between population genetic correlations between seedling traits were high (0.76-0.95). Within population genetic correlations in the main population were lower (0.14-0.35), as in other populations (0.10-0.39). Within population, extensive adaptive variation persists in the seedling traits, in line with rather weak selection gradients, yet maintaining the clines. Although our sampling does not cover the whole cline equally, the results suggest that the individual clines in these traits are maintained by largely independently acting selection, which results in fewer constraints in adaptation under changing climate.</p>
Ability to Maintain or Achieve Clinical and Endoscopic Remission With MMX Mesalamine Once Daily in Adults With Ulcerative Colitis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01124149. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 15. Publications: 3.
Selection maintains floral color polymorphism in the scarlet paintbrush, <em>Castilleja coccinea</em>, reflecting combined ecological factors
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Adaptation to distinct habitats is maintained by contrasting selection at different life stages in sunflower ecotypes
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.