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496 results for “metabolic activity”
Gut-level Antiinflammatory Activities of Green Tea in Metabolic Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03973996. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Prevention and Reversion of NAFLD in Obese Patients With Metabolic Syndrome by Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04442620. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Defective Atypical Protein Kinase C (PKC) Activation in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00690755. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Metabolic Changes in the Activated Human Visual Cortex During Mild Hypoxia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02482571. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
The Effect of Pramipexole on Metabolic Network Activity Compared With Levodopa in Early Parkinson's Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01470859. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Effects Of CP-690,550 (Tasocitinib) On Cholesterol Metabolism In Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01262118. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 10.
Long Duration Activity and Metabolic Control After Spinal Cord Injury
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03139344. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 28.
Data from: Scaling of leaf area with biomass in trees reconsidered: Constant metabolically active sapwood volume per unit leaf area with height growth
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Microbial metabolic activity in two basins of the Gulf of Mexico influenced by mesoscale structures
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
IL4I1 Is a Metabolic Immune Checkpoint that Activates the AHR and Promotes Tumor Progression
<p>These data objects were generated for the manuscript " IL4I1 Is a Metabolic Immune Checkpoint that Activates the AHR and Promotes Tumor Progression".</p>
An emerging fungal pathogen is associated with increased resting metabolic rate and total evaporative water loss rate in a winter‐active snake
<p>1. Energy allocation tradeoffs associated with mounting metabolically costly immune responses may serve as sublethal mechanisms by which pathogens reduce host fitness. The emergence of cutaneous fungal pathogens, which invade the skin of their host and have the potential to disturb energy and water balance, highlight the importance of host physiology in determining individual- and population-level effects of disease.</p> <p>2. Snake fungal disease (SFD, ophidiomycosis), caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola</i> (<i>Oo</i>), is an emerging disease afflicting wild snake populations throughout eastern North America. Emaciation and dehydration are phenotypic correlates of SFD, but it is unknown if such declines in host condition occur via effects of <i>Oo</i> infection on host physiology (i.e., increased rates of metabolism and evaporative water loss, respectively).</p> <p>3. We used flow-through respirometry to assess the energetic and hydric consequences of natural <i>Oo</i> infection in winter-active pygmy rattlesnakes (<i>Sistrurus miliarius</i>). We measured resting metabolic rate (CO<sub>2</sub> production rate) and total evaporative water loss rate of winter-acclimatized <i>S. miliarius</i> as a function of SFD status and acute temperature (17, 25, and 32°C). We also used regression models characterizing individual variation in the thermal-sensitivity of resting metabolic rate to predict the theoretical effects of behavioral fever on daily resting CO<sub>2</sub> production by free-ranging <i>S. miliarius</i> with SFD in winter.</p> <p>4. Natural infection by <i>Oo</i> was associated with significant increases in resting metabolic rate (30–45%) and total evaporative water loss rate (30–40%) across all measurement temperatures. Under simulated scenarios of behavioral fever, <i>Oo</i> infection was predicted to increase daily resting CO<sub>2</sub> production rate by 58–102%.</p> <p>5. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the immune response to <i>Oo</i> infection is energetically costly and may contribute to declining host condition. Our modeling efforts combining the cumulative effects of increased immune activity and increased body temperature on metabolism represent a novel approach to quantifying the total daily energetic cost of infection in ectothermic vertebrates undergoing behavioral fever.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Di Lorenzo T, Di Marzio W, Piccini L, Messana G, Sáenz M, Galassi D (2018) Survival, metabolic rates and locomotory activities of a groundwater-obligate copepod species under long-term exposures to tetrachloroethylene. ARPHA Conference Abstracts 1: e29966. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.1.e29966
Survival, metabolic rates and locomotory activities of a groundwater-obligate copepod species under long-term exposures to tetrachloroethylene
Time series transcriptomes resolve metabolic pathways underlying crocin's anti-cancer activity: Control FASTQ sequencing reads
<p><span>Natural products like saffron show promise in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we used time-series transcriptomics to elucidate crocin's anti-cancer mechanisms in HCC cells. We treated HepG2 cells with 1 and 2 mM crocin for 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours and analyzed transcriptomic profiles at each timepoint. The strongest transcriptional response occurred at 2 hours with 1 mM crocin, with diminishing effects at later timepoints. We observed upregulation of metabolic-, adhesion-, and endocytosis-related genes across all timepoints. Pathway analysis revealed activation of DNA damage checkpoints and senescence while proliferation pathways were suppressed. Notably, 52 genes involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were downregulated at 24 hours (FDR p = 8 × 10⁻⁸), suggesting reversal of carcinogenic pathways. Strikingly, crocin consistently downregulated spliceosomal machinery genes across all timepoints while upregulating senescence and autophagy pathways. This spliceosome targeting represents a clinically relevant mechanism, as aberrant splicing drives oncogenesis in more than 90% of cancers. The transcription factor PAX5 was significantly upregulated while oncogenic ELK1 targets were downregulated. Our findings show that crocin treatment is accompanied by HCC cell senescence induction through coordinated spliceosome disruption and metabolic reprogramming, providing novel therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Keywords: </span></strong><span>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), crocin, transcriptomics, spliceosome, senescence, natural anti-cancer compounds</span></p>
In situ sampling uncovers seasonal variability in community structure and metabolism of active deep-sea microbes
<p>Non-rRNA metatranscriptome and MAG datasets of research "In situ sampling uncovers seasonal variability in community structure and metabolism of active deep-sea microbes"</p>
Data from: Convergence in organ size but not energy metabolism enzyme activities among wild Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) species pairs
The repeated evolution of similar phenotypes by similar mechanisms can be indicative of local adaptation, constraints or biases in the evolutionary process. Little is known about the incidence of physiological convergence in natural populations, so here we test whether energy metabolism in 'dwarf' and 'normal' Lake Whitefish evolves by similar mechanisms. Prior genomic and transcriptomic studies have found that divergence in energy metabolism is key to local adaptation in whitefish species pairs, but that distinct genetic and transcriptomic changes often underlie phenotypic evolution among lakes. Here, we predicted that traits at higher levels of biological organization, including the activities of energy metabolism enzymes (the product of enzyme concentration and turnover rate) and the relative proportions of metabolically active tissues (heart, liver, skeletal muscle), would show greater convergence than genetic and transcriptomic variation. We compared four whitefish species pairs and found convergence in organ size whereby all dwarf whitefish populations have a higher proportion of red skeletal muscle, three have relatively larger livers and two have relatively larger ventricles than normal fish. On the other hand, hepatic and muscle enzyme activities showed little convergence and were largely dependent on lake of origin. Only the most genetically divergent species pair (Cliff Lake) displayed white muscle enzyme activities matching results from laboratory-reared normal and dwarf whitefish. Overall, these data show convergence in the evolution of organ size, but not in the activities of candidate enzymes of energy metabolism, which may have evolved mainly as a consequence of demographic or ecological differences among lakes.
Sex-specific genetic (co)variances of standard metabolic rate, body mass and locomotor activity in Drosophila melanogaster
<p>A longstanding focus in evolutionary physiology concerns the causes and consequences of variation in maintenance metabolism. Insight into this can be gained by estimating the sex-specific genetic architecture of maintenance metabolism alongside other, potentially correlated traits on which selection may also act, such as body mass and locomotor activity. This may reveal potential genetic constraints affecting the evolution of maintenance metabolism. Here, we used a half-sibling breeding design to quantify the sex-specific patterns of genetic (co)variance in standard metabolic rate (SMR), body mass, and daily locomotor activity in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. There was detectable additive genetic variance for all traits in both sexes. As expected, SMR and body mass were strongly and positively correlated, with genetic allometry exponents (<i>b</i><sub>A</sub>±se) of 0.66±0.16 in females and 0.58±0.32 in males. There was a significant and positive genetic correlation between SMR and locomotor activity in males, suggesting that alleles that increase locomotion have pleiotropic effects on SMR. Sexual differences in the genetic architecture were driven in large part by a difference in genetic variance in locomotor activity between the sexes. Overall, genetic variation was mostly shared between males and females, setting the stage for a potential intralocus sexual conflict in the face of sexually antagonistic selection.</p>
Unaltered soil microbial community composition, but decreased metabolic activity in a semi-arid grassland after two years of passive experimental warming
<p>Soil microbial communities regulate soil carbon feedbacks to climate warming through microbial respiration (i.e. metabolic rate). A thorough understanding of the responses of composition, biomass and metabolic rate of soil microbial community to warming is crucial to predict soil carbon stocks in a future warmer climate. Therefore, we conducted a field manipulative experiment in a semi-arid grassland on the Loess Plateau of China to evaluate the responses of the soil microbial community to increased temperature from April 2015 to December 2017. Soil temperature was 2.0 <sup>o</sup>C higher relative to the ambient when open-top chambers (OTCs) were used. Warming did not affect microbial biomass or the composition of microbial functional groups. However, warming significantly decreased microbial respiration, directly resulting from soil pH decrease driven by the co-mediation of aboveground biomass increase, inorganic nitrogen increase and moisture decrease. These findings highlight that the soil microbial community structure of semi-arid grasslands resisted the short-term warming by 2 <sup>o</sup>C, although its metabolic rate declined.</p>
Common Blackbird weights, activity, fatty acid oxidation rates, and metabolic rates
<p>Seasonal migration is a physiologically-demanding endeavor that animals prepare for by finding and storing energy. Species and populations vary in their tendencies to migrate, and the energetic demands of migration likely determine the degree and type of preparation that different animals undergo. </p> <p>Birds fuel their migratory flight using stored fat. Previous work has suggested that in addition to being energetically-dense, certain lipids like polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may be particularly efficient fuels that are preferentially mobilized for flight or serve may additional functions, such as modulating membrane fluidity or stimulating gene expression as ligands, during long-distance migratory flight. </p> <p>Using a series of behavioral and metabolic experiments in a common garden setting of Common Blackbirds (<em>Turdus merula</em>) populations that range from being fully-migratory to partially-migratory to sedentary, we asked how migratory restlessness (<em>Zugunruhe</em>), weight gain, and oxidation of stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1n-9), linoleic acid (18:2n-6), and alpha linolenic acid (18:3n-3; ALA) varied with migratory mode and season.</p> <p>We found no population-level differences in the timing of <em>Zugunruhe</em>. However, before migration, a greater proportion of individuals from fully-migratory populations exhibited weight gain and migratory restlessness, as well as increased oxidation of PUFAs. After <em>Zugunruhe</em>, only individuals from migratory populations showed reduced PUFA oxidation. All populations showed increased oxidation of saturated fat after <em>Zugunruhe</em>.</p> <p>Our results demonstrate that certain migratory traits, like the timing of <em>Zugunruhe</em> based on local environmental conditions, are more similar across populations, while others, like lipid oxidation, can vary at the population-level.</p>
data for Pathogen-specific isotope tracing approach reveals metabolic activities and fluxes of intracellular Salmonella
<p>Contains the results of the MCMC sampling (i.e. fluxes) as well as the simulated MS measurements.</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 5 in Bioactive diterpenoid metabolism and cytotoxic activities of genetically transformed Euphorbia lathyris roots
Fig. 5. Cytotoxic activities of transformed E. lathyris root extract in human carcinoma and embryonic cell lines. a) DU-145 (prostate) b) HeLa (cervix) c) MCF-7 (breast) d) MDA-MB-231 (breast) e) and H2347 (lung) were treated with DMSO (carrier), or increasing concentrations of transformed root MeOH extracts (31.3 μg/ml, 52.5 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml). Titer-Glo® (Promega) was used to count cell lines 48 h post-treatment. Each dose and timepoint was performed in triplicate. Asterisks indicate statistical significance in comparison to carrier (DMSO) control assessed by one-way ANOVA (**,P <0.01; *,P <0.05).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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