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56 results for “mongoose”
Reproduction is driven by seasonal environmental variation in an equatorial mammal, the banded mongoose (Mungos mungo)
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Data from: Banded mongooses avoid inbreeding when mating with members of the same natal group
Inbreeding and inbreeding avoidance are key factors in the evolution of animal societies, influencing dispersal and reproductive strategies which can affect relatedness structure and helping behaviours. In cooperative breeding systems, individuals typically avoid inbreeding through reproductive restraint and/or dispersing to breed outside their natal group. However, where groups contain multiple potential mates of varying relatedness, strategies of kin recognition and mate choice may be favoured. Here, we investigate male mate choice and female control of paternity in the banded mongoose (Mungos mungo), a cooperatively breeding mammal where both sexes are often philopatric and mating between relatives is known to occur. We find evidence suggestive of inbreeding depression in banded mongooses, indicating a benefit to avoiding breeding with relatives. Successfully breeding pairs were less related than expected under random mating, which appeared to be driven by both male choice and female control of paternity. Male banded mongooses actively guard females to gain access to mating opportunities, and this guarding behaviour is preferentially directed towards less closely related females. Guard–female relatedness did not affect the guard's probability of gaining reproductive success. However, where mate-guards are unsuccessful, they lose paternity to males that are less related to the females than themselves. Together, our results suggest that both sexes of banded mongoose use kin discrimination to avoid inbreeding. Although this strategy appears to be rare among cooperative breeders, it may be more prominent in species where relatedness to potential mates is variable, and/or where opportunities for dispersal and mating outside of the group are limited.
Data from: Rival group scent induces changes in dwarf mongoose immediate behaviour and subsequent movement
In many social species, groups of animals defend a shared territory against rival conspecifics. Intruders can be detected from a variety of cues, including fecal deposits, and the strength of response is expected to vary depending on the identity of the rival group. Previous studies examining differences in response to neighbor and stranger groups have focused on the immediate response to the relevant cues. Here, we investigated how simulated intrusions of rival groups affect both immediate responses and postinspection movement patterns. To do so, we used a fecal translocation experiment at latrine sites within the territories of dwarf mongoose Helogale parvula groups. Immediate responses were adjusted to the level of threat, with greater scent-marking behavior, time spent at the latrine, and group-member participation when groups were presented with fecal matter from out-group rivals relative to control (own group and herbivore) feces. Subsequent movement of the group was also affected by threat level, with a decrease in speed and distance covered following simulated intrusions by out-group rivals compared with control conditions. However, there were no significant differences in immediate responses or post-latrine movement patterns when comparing simulated neighbor and stranger intrusions. These results indicate that territorial intrusions can elicit not just an immediate change in behavior but more far-reaching consequences in terms of movement dynamics. They also raise the possibility that neighbor–stranger discrimination predictions are not necessarily as clear-cut as previously described.
Data from: Kin discrimination via odour in the cooperatively breeding banded mongoose
Kin discrimination is often beneficial for group-living animals as it aids in inbreeding avoidance and providing nepotistic help. In mammals, the use of olfactory cues in kin discrimination is widespread and may occur through learning the scents of individuals that are likely to be relatives, or by assessing genetic relatedness directly through assessing odour similarity (phenotype matching). We use scent presentations to investigate these possibilities in a wild population of the banded mongoose Mungos mungo, a cooperative breeder in which inbreeding risk is high and females breed communally, disrupting behavioural cues to kinship. We find that adults show heightened behavioural responses to unfamiliar (extra-group) scents than to familiar (within-group) scents. Interestingly, we found that responses to familiar odours, but not unfamiliar odours, varied with relatedness. This suggests that banded mongooses are either able to use an effective behavioural rule to identify likely relatives from within their group, or that phenotype matching is used in the context of within-group kin recognition but not extra-group kin recognition. In other cooperative breeders, familiarity is used within the group and phenotype matching may be used to identify unfamiliar kin. However, for the banded mongoose this pattern may be reversed, most likely due to their unusual breeding system which disrupts within-group behavioural cues to kinship.
Intrapopulation Variation in the Behavioural Responses of Dwarf Mongooses to Anthropogenic Noise
<p>Anthropogenic noise is an increasingly widespread pollutant, with a rapidly burgeoning literature demonstrating impacts on humans and other animals. However, most studies have simply considered if there is an effect of noise, examining the overall cohort response. Whilst substantial evidence exists for intraspecific variation in responses to other anthropogenic disturbances, this possibility has received relatively little experimental attention with respect to noise. Here, we used field-based playbacks with dwarf mongooses (<i>Helogale parvula</i>) to test how traffic noise affects vigilance behaviour, and to examine potential variation between individuals of different age class, sex and dominance status. Foragers exhibited a stronger immediate reaction and increased their subsequent vigilance (both that on the ground and as a sentinel) in response to traffic-noise playback compared to ambient-sound playback. Traffic-noise playback also resulted in sentinels conducting longer bouts and being more likely to change post height or location than in ambient-sound playback. Moreover, there was evidence of variation in noise responses with respect to age class and dominance status, but not sex. In traffic noise, foraging pups were more likely to flee and were slower to resume foraging than adults; they also tended to increase their vigilance more than adults. Dominants were more likely than subordinates to move post during sentinel bouts conducted in traffic-noise trials. Our findings suggest that the vigilance–foraging trade-off is affected by traffic noise, but that individuals differ in how they respond. Future work should therefore consider intrapopulation response variation to understand fully the population-wide effects of this global pollutant.</p>
Distribution. Mainland SE Asia, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra. The Javan Mongoose or the Small Indian Mongoose is said to occur on Hong Kong (since the 1980s), and to have been introduced to some Indonesian islands. in Herpestidae
Distribution. Mainland SE Asia, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra. The Javan Mongoose or the Small Indian Mongoose is said to occur on Hong Kong (since the 1980s), and to have been introduced to some Indonesian islands.
Distribution. SW Asia from Iraq and Iran to Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bhutan; also Bangladesh, Myanmar and S China (including Hainan I). Introduced to Antigua, Barbados, Beef Island, Buck Island, Carriacou, Croatia, Cuba, Fiji, French Guiana, Goat Island, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Hawaii, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Japan, Jost Van Dyke, La Desirade, Lavango, Mafia (Tanzania), Marie Galante, Martinique, Maui, Mauritius, Molokai, Nevis, Oahu, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. John, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Martin, St. Thomas, St. Vincent, Surinam, Tortola, Trinidad, Vieques, and Water Island. Introduction was unsuccessful in the Dominican Republic. The Small Indian Mongoose or the Javan Mongoose is said to occur on Hong Kong since the 1980s, and to have been also introduced to some Indonesian islands (particularly Ambon). in Herpestidae
Distribution. SW Asia from Iraq and Iran to Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bhutan; also Bangladesh, Myanmar and S China (including Hainan I). Introduced to Antigua, Barbados, Beef Island, Buck Island, Carriacou, Croatia, Cuba, Fiji, French Guiana, Goat Island, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Hawaii, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Japan, Jost Van Dyke, La Desirade, Lavango, Mafia (Tanzania), Marie Galante, Martinique, Maui, Mauritius, Molokai, Nevis, Oahu, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. John, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Martin, St. Thomas, St. Vincent, Surinam, Tortola, Trinidad, Vieques, and Water Island. Introduction was unsuccessful in the Dominican Republic. The Small Indian Mongoose or the Javan Mongoose is said to occur on Hong Kong since the 1980s, and to have been also introduced to some Indonesian islands (particularly Ambon).
On following pages: 25. Alexander's Cusimanse (Crossarchus alexandri); 26. Angolan Cusimanse (Crossarchus ansorgel); 27. Common Cusimanse (Crossarchus obscurus); 28. Flat-headed Cusimanse (Crossarchus platycephalus); 29. Ethiopian Dwarf Mongoose (Helogale hirtula); 30. Common Dwarf Mongoose (Helogale parvula); 31. Pousargues's Mongoose (Dologale dybowskii): 32. Liberian Mongoose (Liberiictis kuhni); 33. Gambian Mongoose (Mungos gambianus); 34. Banded Mongoose (Mungos mungo). in Herpestidae
On following pages: 25. Alexander's Cusimanse (Crossarchus alexandri); 26. Angolan Cusimanse (Crossarchus ansorgel); 27. Common Cusimanse (Crossarchus obscurus); 28. Flat-headed Cusimanse (Crossarchus platycephalus); 29. Ethiopian Dwarf Mongoose (Helogale hirtula); 30. Common Dwarf Mongoose (Helogale parvula); 31. Pousargues's Mongoose (Dologale dybowskii): 32. Liberian Mongoose (Liberiictis kuhni); 33. Gambian Mongoose (Mungos gambianus); 34. Banded Mongoose (Mungos mungo).
On following pages: 3. Small Indian Mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus); 4. Short-tailed Mongoose (Herpestes brachyurus); 5. Indian Gray Mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii); 6 Indian Brown Mongoose (Herpestes fuscus); 7. Egyptian Mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon); 8. Javan Mongoose (Herpestes javanicus); 9. Collared Mongoose (Herpestes semitorquatus); 10. Ruddy Mongoose (Herpestes smithii); 11. Crab-eating Mongoose (Herpestes urva); 12. Stripe-necked Mongoose (Herpestes vitticollis). in Herpestidae
On following pages: 3. Small Indian Mongoose (Herpestes auropunctatus); 4. Short-tailed Mongoose (Herpestes brachyurus); 5. Indian Gray Mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii); 6 Indian Brown Mongoose (Herpestes fuscus); 7. Egyptian Mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon); 8. Javan Mongoose (Herpestes javanicus); 9. Collared Mongoose (Herpestes semitorquatus); 10. Ruddy Mongoose (Herpestes smithii); 11. Crab-eating Mongoose (Herpestes urva); 12. Stripe-necked Mongoose (Herpestes vitticollis).
On following pages: 15. Somalian Slender Mongoose (Galerella ochracea); 16. Cape Gray Mongoose (Galerella pulverulenta); 17. Common Slender Mongoose (Galerella sanguinea); 18. White-tailed Mongoose (/chneumia albicauda); 19. Selous's Mongoose (Paracynictis selous)); 20. Bushy-tailed Mongoose (Bdeogale crassicauda); 21. Jackson's Mongoose (Bdeogale jackson); 22. Black-footed Mongoose (Bdeogale nigripes); 23. Meller's Mongoose (Rhynchogale melleri). in Herpestidae
On following pages: 15. Somalian Slender Mongoose (Galerella ochracea); 16. Cape Gray Mongoose (Galerella pulverulenta); 17. Common Slender Mongoose (Galerella sanguinea); 18. White-tailed Mongoose (/chneumia albicauda); 19. Selous's Mongoose (Paracynictis selous)); 20. Bushy-tailed Mongoose (Bdeogale crassicauda); 21. Jackson's Mongoose (Bdeogale jackson); 22. Black-footed Mongoose (Bdeogale nigripes); 23. Meller's Mongoose (Rhynchogale melleri).
On following pages: 11. White-fronted Brown Lemur (Eulemur albifrons); 12. Sanford's Brown Lemur (Eulemur sanford); 13. White-collared Brown Lemur (Eulemur cinereiceps); 14. Red-collared Brown Lemur (Eulemur collaris); 15. Black Lemur (Eulemur macaco); 16. Blue-eyed Black Lemur (Eulemurflavifrons); 17. Crowned Lemur (Eulemur coronatus); 18. Red-bellied Lemur (Eulemur rubriventer); 19. Mongoose Lemur (Eulemur mongoz). in Lemuridae
On following pages: 11. White-fronted Brown Lemur (Eulemur albifrons); 12. Sanford's Brown Lemur (Eulemur sanford); 13. White-collared Brown Lemur (Eulemur cinereiceps); 14. Red-collared Brown Lemur (Eulemur collaris); 15. Black Lemur (Eulemur macaco); 16. Blue-eyed Black Lemur (Eulemurflavifrons); 17. Crowned Lemur (Eulemur coronatus); 18. Red-bellied Lemur (Eulemur rubriventer); 19. Mongoose Lemur (Eulemur mongoz).
Figure 1 in Head morphology reflects the introduction history in a globally invasive carnivore-the small Indian mongoose
Figure 1. Geographical distribution and introduction history of the small Indian mongoose populations sampled in this study.
Figure 2 in Head morphology reflects the introduction history in a globally invasive carnivore-the small Indian mongoose
Figure 2. Centroid size of the crania and mandibles of the specimens of small Indian mongoose from sampled localities in the native and introduced range. Large circles indicate mean values.
Figure 5 in Head morphology reflects the introduction history in a globally invasive carnivore-the small Indian mongoose
Figure 5. Cranial and mandibular shape assignments from the discriminant analyses of principal components.
Figure 1 in First record of albinism in long-nosed mongoose Xenogale naso documented with camera traps in the Yoko Council Forest, Centre Cameroon
Figure 1: Map showing the camera trap stations with mongoose species in the Yoko Council Forest, Cameroon.
Figure 2 in First record of albinism in long-nosed mongoose Xenogale naso documented with camera traps in the Yoko Council Forest, Centre Cameroon
Figure 2: The recorded albino long-nosed mongooses in a grassland savannah (a) and in a swamp dominated by raffia palms (b and c) of Yoko Council Forest, Cameroon.
Figure 2 in Systematics of the Southeast Asian mongooses (Herpestidae, Carnivora): solving the mystery of the elusive collared mongoose and Palawan mongoose
Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree obtained by ML analyses of a combined dataset of Cytb (1020 bp) and ND2 (277 bp). Above branches: percentage of trees in which the associated sequences clustered together in ML, and bootstrap values for NJ (only values ≥ 70%, and for the main clades only).
Figure 5 in Systematics of the Southeast Asian mongooses (Herpestidae, Carnivora): solving the mystery of the elusive collared mongoose and Palawan mongoose
Figure 5. Median-joining haplotype network depicting the geographical assignment of Urva brachyura CR haplotypes (A) and Cytb haplotypes (B). The size of each circle is proportional to the corresponding haplotype frequency. White: Peninsular Malaysia; Grey: Sumatra; Black: Borneo.
Figure 3 in Systematics of the Southeast Asian mongooses (Herpestidae, Carnivora): solving the mystery of the elusive collared mongoose and Palawan mongoose
Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree obtained by ML analyses of a combined dataset of FGB (598 bp), Cytb (1020 bp) and ND2 (277 bp). Percentage of trees in which the associated sequences clustered together is shown on the branches.
Figure 4 in Systematics of the Southeast Asian mongooses (Herpestidae, Carnivora): solving the mystery of the elusive collared mongoose and Palawan mongoose
Figure 4. Phylogenetic tree obtained by ML analyses of a combined dataset of FGB (598 bp), Cytb (1020 bp) and ND2 (277 bp), with U. semitorquata (FGB sequence coded as missing data). Percentage of trees in which the associated sequences clustered together and the bootstrap values for NJ are shown above branches (only values ≥ 70% are shown).
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