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43 results for “paedomorphosis”
Figure 1 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 1 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – larva, lateral view, epi-illumination; B – tritonymph, same; C – living adult, stereomicroscope (arrow to cervical collar); D – gravid female, with single egg (provenance uncertain, photo D.E. Walter); E – tritonymph, lateral view of gastronotum contour, with epicuticle separated by clearing; F – same, closeup optical section in polarized light; G – adult, notogastral cuticle at edge of sagittal section; H – tritonymph, right gastronotic setaec1, c2 and lyrifissure ia (lower left insert = im from adult, right =im from deutonymph, showing canal). Scale bars 100 µm (A-D); 20 µm (E); 10 µm (H); 2 µm (F, G).
Figure 19 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 19 Paedolohmannia metzin. sp., SEM images, adult (except G, larva): A – lateral view (insert = enlargement of notogastral cuticle); B – same, closeup of distal proterosoma (lower right insert = partial enlargement of palp), arrows on faint vestige of femur-genu articulation; C – ventral view (inserts: upper left = genital aperture, right = enlargement of cuticle medial to leg I); D – same, closeup of distal leg I segments; E enlargement of tarsi I, view as in A (insert = magnification of cuticle in middle of tarsus); F – distal proterosoma, view as in C; G – Claparède's organ of larva, lateral view (DIC image, base of seta1c at bottom). Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (D-F); 10 µm (B, G).
Figure 24 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 24 Paedolohmannia metzin. sp. (adult, except C): A – spermatopositor of male from California, three increasing focal depths (arrow on small, island-like surface sclerite); B – food bolus from ventriculus, crushed to show components; C – setad2 and lyrifissureim, anterior to right; D – left tarsus I of deutonymph, ventral view; E – cuticle of tarsus I, around insertion of setapl′; F – left tarsus I, adaxial view (insert = enlargement of empodium); G – distal half of right tarsus I, abaxial view (insert = famulus). Many leg setae only partially in focus. Scale bars 20 µm (B, D, F, G); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (A, E).
Figure 14 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 14 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), tritonymph: A – right leg I, abaxial view (distal segments slightly ventral), with insert showing position of variable femoral seta vʹ; B – left leg II, ventro-adaxial (slightly twisted, some setae in distorted positions); C – left leg III, abaxial; D – left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bar 20 µm.
Figure 12 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 12 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), larva: A – right leg I, abaxial view; B – left genu I, dorsal view; C – left leg II, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – right leg III, adaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad). Scale bar 20 µm.
Figure 11 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 11 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – adult, left anal and adanal plates, ventral view; B – larva, paraproctal region, slightly flattened
Figure 6 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 6 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), uncleared specimens in glycerine: A – deutonymph, lateral view (musclem.pdv out of focus); B – adult hysterosoma, dorsal view, showing major organs; C – same, lateral view (one fascicle of musclem.pdv out of focus); D – as in C, closeup of humeral region; E – adult, anterior hysterosoma, showing some proterosomal retractor muscles. Scale bars 50 µm (A-C, E); 20 µm (D).
Figure 23 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 23 Paedolohmannia metzin. sp., adult: A – leg I, right, abaxial view; B – leg II, right, abaxial view; C – leg III, left, abaxial view; D – leg IV, left, abaxial view. Scale bar 50 µm.
Figure 22 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 22 Paedolohmannia metzin. sp., adult: A – lateral view of gravid female; B – cuticle of prodorsum near rostral setaero(), anterior to right; C – supracoxal seta (eI), left (top), right (bottom) from same specimen; D – left bothridium, near-dorsal view; E – secretory saccules at base of bothridium; F – proterosoma, partial lateral view; G – ventral view of hysterosoma, uncleared specimen, showing food bolus precursor (pfb) in ventriculus, complete food bolus (fb) in colon, and fecal pellet (fp) in postcolon; H – venter, just posterior to leg III insertion (aggenital region to right); I – same, but to further right of H (arrow to neotrichous seta; several alveoli from broken setae visible); J – sejugal region ventral view; K – epimere III, just anterior to insertion of leg III, slightly deeper focus than in J (arrow to extrinsic muscles of trochanter). Scale bars 50 µm (A, G); 20 µm (B, F, J); 10 µm (H, I, K); 5 µm (D, E); 2 µm (C).
Figure 2 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 2 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese), adult, SEM images: A – lateral view; B – closeup of posterior proterosoma; C – dorsal view; D – frontal view (black arrow to narrow solid rostral rim); E – sejugal region, dorsal view. Scale bars 100 µm (A, C); 20 µm (B, D, E).
Figure 26 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 26 Paedolohmannia metzin. sp.: A – larva, leg I, abaxial view; B – same, leg II; C – same, leg III; D – protonymph, ventral view, anterior not shown; E – deutonymph, ventral view of hysterosoma; F – tritonymph, dorsal view; G – same, ventral view of hysterosoma. D-G with legs represented only by trochanters or absent. Scale bars 100 µm (D-G, to same scale); 20 µm (A-C, to same scale).
Figure 18 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 18 Eulohmannia bifurcataFujikawa (A-D) andEulohmanniaspp. (E-I): A – holotype (13642), right anogenital region seen by transparency (black arrow to separate, ′island-like′ sclerite); B – paratype 13643A, genu and tibia I; C – same, tibia and tarsus II; D – same, leg IV (arrows to edge of adaxial declivity); E –Eulohmanniasp. A from Aborigen, Russian Far East, lateral view of gravid female; F – same specimen, ventral lobe of ovipositor (rectangle in A); G – male of same species, ventral view of spermatopositor; H –Eulohmanniasp. B from Kashmir, lateral view of gravid female; I – same specimen tarsus II (indicated by rectangle in H), with enlargement of distal region (arrow basal spine of empodial claw). Scale bars 50 µm (E, H); 20 µm (B, C); 10 µm (A, D, I); 5 µm (F, G).
Data from: Facultative paedomorphosis as a mechanism promoting intraspecific niche differentiation
Organisms with complex life cycles are characterized by a metamorphosis that allows for a major habitat shift and the exploitation of alternative resources. However, metamorphosis can be bypassed in some species through a process called paedomorphosis, resulting in the retention of larval traits at the adult stage and is considered important at both micro- and macroevolutionary scales. In facultatively paedomorphic populations of newts, some individuals retain gills and a fully aquatic life at the adult stage (paedomorphs), while others undergo complete metamorphosis (metamorphs), allowing for a terrestrial life-stage. Because facultative paedomorphosis affects trophic structures and feeding mechanism of newts, one hypothesis is that it may be maintained as a trophic polymorphism, with the advantage to lessen intraspecific competition during the shared aquatic life-stage. Here, we tested this hypothesis combining stomach content data with stable isotope techniques, using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, in facultatively paedomorphic alpine newts (Ichthyosaura alpestris). Both stomach content and stable isotope analyses showed that paedomorphs had smaller trophic niches and were more reliant on pelagic resources, while metamorphs relied more on littoral resources, corresponding to a polyphenism along the littoral-pelagic axis and the extension of the population's trophic niche to otherwise 'underused' pelagic resources by paedomorphs. Interestingly, stable isotopes revealed that the trophic polyphenism was less marked in males than in females and potentially linked to sexual activity. Although paedomorphosis and metamorphosis are primarily seen as results of trade-offs between the advantages of using aquatic versus terrestrial habitats, this study provides evidence that additional forces, such as intraspecific trophic niche differences between morphs and trophic niche expansion, may play an important role in the persistence of this dimorphism in heterogeneous environments. Moreover, the different patterns found in males and females show the importance of considering sex to understand the evolutionary ecology of trophic polymorphisms.
Figure 1 in The occurrence of facultative paedomorphosis in a lacustrine population of the Pyrenean newt (Calotriton asper): morphology and age structure
Figure 1. Snout–vent length (SVL, mean ± SE) differences between groups and phenotypes (BJ = branchiate juveniles; MJ = metamorphosed juveniles; PF = paedomorphic females; MF = metamorphic females; PM = paedomorphic males and MM = metamorphic males).
Figure 2 in The occurrence of facultative paedomorphosis in a lacustrine population of the Pyrenean newt (Calotriton asper): morphology and age structure
Figure 2. Plot of the first two PCs of the newts of the Ibón de Perramó population, showing differences between males, females and juveniles.
Figure 3 in The occurrence of facultative paedomorphosis in a lacustrine population of the Pyrenean newt (Calotriton asper): morphology and age structure
Figure 3. (a) Age structure of the newts of Ibón de Perramó population in males (M) and females (F). (b) Age structure of the newts of Ibón de Perramó population in branchiate juveniles (BJ), metamorphosed juveniles (MJ) and larvae (L).
Data from: Facultative paedomorphosis as a mechanism promoting intraspecific niche differentiation
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Fig. 1 in A new case of facultative paedomorphosis in Smooth Newts, Lissotriton vulgaris (Caudata: Salamandridae), in Turkey
Fig. 1. The map of Gediz Delta (Izmir, Turkey). 1: Kumköy, Istanbul, 2: Küçükçekmece, Istanbul, 3: Ihsaniye, Karasu, Sakarya, 4: Lake Sülüklü, Manisa, 5: Lake Ikiz, Izmir, The star shows the record (Lake Sazli, Gediz Delta, Izmir), The dotted line shows Ramsar protected area borders.
Figure. The occurrence of paedomorphosis in Lissotriton vulgaris populations within Romania: past records (filled diamonds), our record (filled square). in Facultative paedomorphosis in a population of Lissotriton vulgaris (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (Romania)
Figure. The occurrence of paedomorphosis in Lissotriton vulgaris populations within Romania: past records (filled diamonds), our record (filled square).
Figure 4 in The occurrence of facultative paedomorphosis in a lacustrine population of the Pyrenean newt (Calotriton asper): morphology and age structure
Figure 4. Stained cross-section of a phalange of an 18-year-old larva of Calotriton asper.
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