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158 results for “parasitic copepods”
Host-parasite interactions between a copepod (Pharodes tortugensis) and small reef-associated gobies (Coryphopterus) in the British Virgin Islands
<p>The effects of parasitic copepods on free-living hosts are infrequently documented, and the copepod Pharodes tortugensis has remained virtually unstudied since described. For the first time, we document its host range in the British Virgin Islands (BVI), the prevalence and intensity of infections on wild hosts, and its impacts on host morphology and performance. Infections were observed on four benthic gobies in the BVI (<em>Coryphopterus glaucofraenum</em>, <em>C. venezuelae</em>, <em>C. dicrus</em> and <em>C. eidolon</em>) but not on other host species previously reported from other parts of the western Atlantic. Infected gobies were widespread in the BVI (detected at 33 of 52 sites, prevalence from 1–25%) but extremely rare elsewhere in the Caribbean (detected at 2 of 16 sites, prevalence <0.006%). As is typical of macroparasite infections, <em>P. tortugensis</em> was over-dispersed in BVI host populations (mean intensity = 4.7, range = 1–17). Infections were most common in juvenile and female hosts, and rarely found in larger male hosts. The copepods attach in the branchial chamber of the goby; female copepods show high attachment fidelity to the ventral surface of the chamber, while male copepods attached most often to the first two gill arches and in the branchial chamber adjacent to the female. Infections caused substantial damage to the host's branchial chamber and gill filaments. Parasitized gobies also had larger livers and smaller gonads than unparasitized individuals of similar length. The changes in organ mass of infected gobies were not sizeable enough to affect total body mass, and host condition (the body-length vs. body-mass relationship) was similar for gobies with and without infections. Parasitized gobies were, however, significantly smaller in body mass at a given age, reflecting slower overall growth. Effects of <em>P. tortugensis</em> on individual hosts were broadly similar to those of other parasitic copepods that infect fish gills and, for unknown reasons, the BVI appears to be a persistent hotspot of infections on these goby hosts.</p>
Data from: Using DNA barcoding to identify host-parasite interactions between cryptic species of goby (Coryphopterus: Gobiidae, Perciformes) and parasitic copepods (Pharodes tortugensis: Chondracanthidae, Cyclopoida)
<p>Previous work, using morphological characters, identified a generalist copepod parasite (<i>Pharodes tortugensis</i>) at high prevalence on two common gobies (C<i>oryphopterus glaucofraenum</i> and <i>C. dicrus</i>) in the British Virgin Islands (BVI). DNA barcoding subsequently revealed <i>C. glaucofraenum</i> to be three morphologically similar species (<i>C. glaucofraenum</i>, <i>C. venezuelae</i> and <i>C. tortugae</i>), casting doubt on host identities in the BVI and the classification of the parasite as a single species. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) data from 67 gobies in the BVI showed that, in addition to <i>C. dicrus</i>, host gobies were a mix of <i>C. glaucofraenum</i> and <i>C. venezuelae,</i> while <i>C. tortugae</i> was unexpectedly absent from the study area. COI data (n = 70) indicated that the copepod infecting all three hosts was a single species, almost certainly <i>P. tortugensis</i>. The pharodes–coryphopterus interaction has a strong impact on host dynamics in the BVI, and a revised understanding of these dynamics must account for any differences among the three newly confirmed hosts in transmission of, and susceptibility to, the shared parasite. No other infected hosts were discovered at our sites, but <i>P. tortugensis</i> is reportedly widespread and infects 12 additional host species elsewhere. Further DNA barcoding is thus needed to test whether <i>P. tortugensis</i> is truly a widespread generalist, or instead represents a group of more specialized cryptic species.</p>
Data from: Using DNA barcoding to identify host-parasite interactions between cryptic species of goby (Coryphopterus: Gobiidae, Perciformes) and parasitic copepods (Pharodes tortugensis: Chondracanthidae, Cyclopoida)
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Host-parasite interactions between a copepod (Pharodes tortugensis) and small reef-associated gobies (Coryphopterus) in the British Virgin Islands
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FIGURE 44 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 44. Sagum lativentris (Heller, 1865) n. comb., adult ♀. A, habitus, dorsal; B, habitus, lateral; C, habitus, ventral. Scale bar 1 mm.
FIGURE 45 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 45. Sagum lativentris (Heller, 1865) n. comb., adult ♀. A, urosome, dorsal view showing vestigial fifth legs (arrow- heads), paired genital openings, copulatory pores (arrowed) and caudal rami; B, posterior end of trunk and urosome, ventral view showing extent of lobes of leg 4 relative to caudal rami; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, postantennal process; F, mandible; G, maxillule; H, maxilla. Scale bars A, 200 μm, B, 0.5 mm, C,E–H, 50 μm, D, 100 μm.
FIGURE 47 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 47. Sagum sanguineus (Song, in Song & Chen, 1976) n. comb., adult ♀. A, habitus, dorsal: B, urosome, dorsal view showing vestigial fifth legs (arrowed), paired genital openings and caudal rami; C, posterior end of trunk and urosome, ventral view showing extent of lobes of leg 4 relative to tips of caudal rami; D, egg sac; E, antennule; F, antenna; G, postantennal process; H, maxillule; I, basis of maxilla; J, maxilliped. Scale bars A, 1 mm, B,D, 200 μm, C, 0.5 mm, E,G,H, 50 μm, F,I,J, 100 μm.
FIGURE 42 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 42. Mitrapus oblongus (Pillai, 1964) adult ♀. A, habitus, dorsal; B, habitus, lateral; C, habitus, ventral. Scale bar 1 mm.
FIGURE 40 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 40. Lernanthropus selenotoca sp. nov., paratype ♀. A, habitus, ventral; B, habitus, lateral; C, habitus, dorsal. Scale bar 1 mm.
FIGURE 46 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 46. Sagum lativentris (Heller, 1865) n. comb., adult ♀. A, maxilliped; B, leg 1 and intercoxal sclerite; C, leg 2. Adult ♂. D, habitus, dorsal; E, genital operculum and caudal ramus on right side, ventral view; F, parabasal flagellum; G, tip of max- illa; H, maxilliped; I, endopod of leg 1; J, leg 2. Scale bars A,B,E,H, 100 μm, C,F,G,J, 50 μm, D, 0.5 mm, I, 25 μm.
FIGURE 38. Lernanthropus seriolii Shishido, 1898 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 38. Lernanthropus seriolii Shishido, 1898, adult ♀. A, habitus, lateral; B, habitus, lateroventral; C, habitus, dorsolat- eral. Scale bar 5 mm.
FIGURE 34 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 34. Lernanthropus paracruciatus sp. nov., paratype ♀♀. A–F, dorsal habitus of different females showing varying degrees of damage to dorsal trunk plate and posterior legs. Scale bar 5 mm.
FIGURE 24 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 24. Lernanthropus gnathanodontus sp. nov., paratype ♂. A, tip of maxilla; B, maxilliped; C, leg 1 and intercoxal sclerite; D, leg 2; E, exopod of leg 2, anterior view; F, endopod of leg 3, showing surface ornamentation. Lernanthropus latis Yamaguti, 1954, adult ♀. G, habitus, dorsal. Scale bars A, C–F, 50 μm, B, 100 μm, G 1 mm.
FIGURE 22 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 22. Lernanthropus gnathanodontus sp. nov., paratype ♀. A, urosome, dorsal view showing fifth leg on left side only, genital openings (arrowed on right side) and caudal rami; B, antennule and parabasal flagellum; C, antenna; D, frontal part of cephalothorax, ventral view showing location of paired postantennal processes (arrowed); E, tip of mandible; F, maxillule; G, maxilla; H, maxilliped. Scale bars A, 200 μm, B,C,H 100 μm, D, 0.5 mm, E, 20 μm, F,G, 50 μm.
FIGURE 49. Sagum vespertilio Kabata, 1979 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 49. Sagum vespertilio Kabata, 1979, adult ♀. A, habitus, lateral; B, habitus, dorsal; C, habitus, ventral. Scale bar 2 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 1. Aethon bicamera sp. nov., holotype ♀. A, habitus, dorsal; B, habitus, ventral; C, habitus, lateral. Scale bar 2 mm.
FIGURE 13. Lernanthropus breviculus Kabata, 1979 in Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species
FIGURE 13. Lernanthropus breviculus Kabata, 1979, adult ♀. A, urosome and caudal rami, dorsal; B, antennule; C, antenna; D, tip of maxilla; E, maxilliped; F, leg 1 and part of intercoxal sclerite; G, leg 2. Scale bars A,C,E,G, 200 μm, B 100 μm, D,F, 50 μm.
FIGURES 16–27 in Parasitic copepods infesting the olfactory sacs of skates from the southwestern Atlantic with the description of a new species of Kroeyerina Wilson, 1932
FIGURES 16–27. Kroeyerina sudamericana sp. nov. (adult male). 16, general habitus, dorsal; 17, general habitus, ventral; 18, posterior portion of abdomen and caudal rami; 19, fifth leg; 20, sixth leg; 21, antennule; 22, rostral area; 23, antenna; 24, mandible; 25, maxillule; 26, maxilla; 27, maxilliped. Scale bars: 16–17 = 200 µm; 18, 21–27 = 50 µm; 19–20 = 25 µm; 22 = 20 µm.
FIGURES 28–31 in Parasitic copepods infesting the olfactory sacs of skates from the southwestern Atlantic with the description of a new species of Kroeyerina Wilson, 1932
FIGURES 28–31. Kroeyerina sudamericana sp. nov. (adult male). 28, first leg; 29, second leg; 30, third leg; 31, fourth leg. Scale bars: 100 µm.
FIGURES 12–15 in Parasitic copepods infesting the olfactory sacs of skates from the southwestern Atlantic with the description of a new species of Kroeyerina Wilson, 1932
FIGURES 12–15. Kroeyerina sudamericana sp. nov. (adult female). 12, first leg; 13, second leg; 14, third leg; 15, fourth leg. Scale bars: 100 µm.
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