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49 results for “permafrost thaw”
The role of catchment characteristics, discharge, and active layer thaw on seasonal stream chemistry across ten permafrost catchments
<p>Data used for the paper: The role of catchment characteristics, discharge, and active layer thaw on seasonal stream chemistry across ten permafrost catchments. Contains water quality and discharge data. See paper for more details.</p>
Data related to article 'Thawing Yedoma permafrost is a neglected nitrous oxide source'
<p>Data on nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) fluxes with related process, soil and microbial data from two thawing Yedoma exposures in Northeast Siberia.</p> <p>Metadata:</p> <p>Study site 1:Kurungnakh<br> Location 1:N 72°20', E 126°17'</p> <p>Study site 2:Duvanny Yar<br> Location 2:68°38' N, 159°09' E</p> <p>Contact:Maija Marushchak (maija.marushchak@uef.fi); Christina Biasi (christina.biasi@uef.fi)</p> <p>Ecosystem type:Yedoma exposure; retrogressive permafrost thaw slump</p> <p>Duration:July 2016, July 2017</p> <p>Data creation date:1 September 2021</p> <p>File origin:Created at University of Eastern Finland/University of Jyväskylä by Maija Marushchak (maija.marushchak@uef.fi)<br> Data policy:Kindly inform Maija Marushchak and Christina Biasi if you are going to use the data and of any publication plans.<br> If they think that they should be acknowledged or offered participation as authors they will let you know.</p> <p>Questions about this file should be addressed to Maija Marushchak (maija.marushchak@uef.fi).</p> <p> </p>
Permafrost Thaw and its Impact on Arctic Infrastructure: A Site Selection Bibliography
<p>Project Bibliography for DRP Task 1.2.1. Cited sources were used in the site selection process. </p>
Permafrost-thaw lake development in Central Yakutia: sedimentary ancient DNA and element analyses from a Holocene sediment record
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient, Ecosystem carbon balance: Eddy covariance CO2 flux data of a heterogenous landscape undergoing permafrost thaw.
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and dissolved organic carbon, in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. Understanding how landscape level physical and biological changes effect carbon cycling is important for estimating the carbon balance of an ecosystem undergoing permafrost thaw.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient Extended sites: Physical data from land cover classes from an upland watershed undergoing permafrost thaw.
This data set contains meausrements of soil properties (depth to permafrost and depth of organc matter) from sites throughout the wathershed within certain land cover types identified by an unsupervised landcover classification. The purpose was to see how land cover classes differed in soil properties and if we could detect diffences in classes undergoing permafrost thaw that results in thermokarst.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Thaw Gradient Extended sites: Vegetation data from land cover classes from an upland watershed undergoing permafrost thaw.
This data set contains meausrements ofpercent of ground cover (vegetation, water, bare soil) from sites throughout the wathershed within certain land cover types identified by an unsupervised landcover classification. The purpose was to see how land cover classes differed in soil properties and if we could detect diffences in classes undergoing permafrost thaw that results in thermokarst.
Warming effects of spring rainfall increase methane emissions from thawing permafrost: Site-level data from bog complex I - Water Table Depth 2014-2016
Methane emissions regulate the near-term global warming potential of permafrost thaw, particularly where loss of ice-rich permafrost converts forest and tundra into wetlands. Northern latitudes are expected to get warmer and wetter, and while there is consensus that warming will increase thaw and methane emissions, effects of increased precipitation are uncertain. At a thawing wetland complex in Interior Alaska, we found that interactions between rain and deep soil temperatures controlled methane emissions. In rainy years, recharge from the watershed rapidly altered wetland soil temperatures, warming the top ~80 cm of soil in spring and summer, and cooling it in autumn. When soils were warmed by spring rainfall, methane emissions increased by ~30%. The warm, deep soils early in the growing season likely supported both microbial and plant processes that enhanced emissions. Our study identifies an important and unconsidered role of rain in governing the radiative forcing of thawing permafrost landscapes. All site-level data from the studied bog, eddy covariance and micrometeorological data referenced in the published manuscript are available in the LTER data repository. These data are related to the following data package: Surface carbon, water and energy fluxes measured by eddy covariance at 3 sites within the Alaska Peatlands Experiment and Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest 2013-2016 (http://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/4fabab3846113a1866b06f1b3d6d52a3).
Warming effects of spring rainfall increase methane emissions from thawing permafrost: Site-level data from bog complex II - Carex Metrics 2014-2016
Methane emissions regulate the near-term global warming potential of permafrost thaw, particularly where loss of ice-rich permafrost converts forest and tundra into wetlands. Northern latitudes are expected to get warmer and wetter, and while there is consensus that warming will increase thaw and methane emissions, effects of increased precipitation are uncertain. At a thawing wetland complex in Interior Alaska, we found that interactions between rain and deep soil temperatures controlled methane emissions. In rainy years, recharge from the watershed rapidly altered wetland soil temperatures, warming the top ~80 cm of soil in spring and summer, and cooling it in autumn. When soils were warmed by spring rainfall, methane emissions increased by ~30%. The warm, deep soils early in the growing season likely supported both microbial and plant processes that enhanced emissions. Our study identifies an important and unconsidered role of rain in governing the radiative forcing of thawing permafrost landscapes. All site-level data from the studied bog, eddy covariance and micrometeorological data referenced in the published manuscript are available in the LTER data repository. These data are related to the following data package: Surface carbon, water and energy fluxes measured by eddy covariance at 3 sites within the Alaska Peatlands Experiment and Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest 2013-2016 (http://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/4fabab3846113a1866b06f1b3d6d52a3).
Warming effects of spring rainfall increase methane emissions from thawing permafrost: Site-level data from bog complex III - Methene Flux 2014-2016
Methane emissions regulate the near-term global warming potential of permafrost thaw, particularly where loss of ice-rich permafrost converts forest and tundra into wetlands. Northern latitudes are expected to get warmer and wetter, and while there is consensus that warming will increase thaw and methane emissions, effects of increased precipitation are uncertain. At a thawing wetland complex in Interior Alaska, we found that interactions between rain and deep soil temperatures controlled methane emissions. In rainy years, recharge from the watershed rapidly altered wetland soil temperatures, warming the top ~80 cm of soil in spring and summer, and cooling it in autumn. When soils were warmed by spring rainfall, methane emissions increased by ~30%. The warm, deep soils early in the growing season likely supported both microbial and plant processes that enhanced emissions. Our study identifies an important and unconsidered role of rain in governing the radiative forcing of thawing permafrost landscapes. All site-level data from the studied bog, eddy covariance and micrometeorological data referenced in the published manuscript are available in the LTER data repository. These data are related to the following data package: Surface carbon, water and energy fluxes measured by eddy covariance at 3 sites within the Alaska Peatlands Experiment and Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest 2013-2016 (http://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/4fabab3846113a1866b06f1b3d6d52a3).
Warming effects of spring rainfall increase methane emissions from thawing permafrost: Site-level data from bog complex IV - Soil Temperatures 2014-2016
Methane emissions regulate the near-term global warming potential of permafrost thaw, particularly where loss of ice-rich permafrost converts forest and tundra into wetlands. Northern latitudes are expected to get warmer and wetter, and while there is consensus that warming will increase thaw and methane emissions, effects of increased precipitation are uncertain. At a thawing wetland complex in Interior Alaska, we found that interactions between rain and deep soil temperatures controlled methane emissions. In rainy years, recharge from the watershed rapidly altered wetland soil temperatures, warming the top ~80 cm of soil in spring and summer, and cooling it in autumn. When soils were warmed by spring rainfall, methane emissions increased by ~30%. The warm, deep soils early in the growing season likely supported both microbial and plant processes that enhanced emissions. Our study identifies an important and unconsidered role of rain in governing the radiative forcing of thawing permafrost landscapes. All site-level data from the studied bog, eddy covariance and micrometeorological data referenced in the published manuscript are available in the LTER data repository. These data are related to the following data package: Surface carbon, water and energy fluxes measured by eddy covariance at 3 sites within the Alaska Peatlands Experiment and Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest 2013-2016 (http://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/4fabab3846113a1866b06f1b3d6d52a3).
Data for: Sources of CO2 produced in freshly thawed Pleistocene-age Yedoma permafrost
<p>This dataset contains δ13C and F14C compositions of CO2 samples as well as sedimentary parameters from Pleistocene Yedoma located on Kurungnakh Island in the Lena River Delta, collected during an expedition in July/August 2017.</p> <p>Sediment samples were collected from active layer soil pits, using shovels, at three sites on an active retrogressive thaw slump: Pleistocene-aged Yedoma from intact thaw mounds (TM1, TM2), intact Holocene polygonal tundra overlaying the thaw slump (HT1) and sediments from the thaw slump floor (SF3), where Pleistocene and Holocene sediments mix as a result of erosion.</p> <p>CO2 was collected in-situ from the three sites using respiration chambers, set up on vegetation-free spots on the active layer and, in fixed intervals, from a 1.5-year laboratory incubation experiment of sediment samples collected during the expedition. The analyses were performed to compare the C-isotopy of in-situ respired CO2 with that of CO2 produced during the incubation and to determine the sources of the released CO2.</p>
Data from: Rate of permafrost thaw and associated plant community dynamics in peatlands of northwestern Canada
<p>This dataset was collected to document the changing plant community, and associated environmental factors, as warming climate conditions accelerate permafrost thaw in northern peatland environments. Due to the insulative properties of dry, surface peat layers, discontinuous permafrost is preferentially found in peatlands, termed peat plateaux, where the volumetric expansion of ice-rich permafrost has resulted in a raised, dry ground surface dominated by lichens and, often, stunted black spruce forests. As ground temperatures warm, and the ice-rich permafrost thaws, the ground surface sinks to, or below, the water table, and these peat plateau environments change dramatically from black spruce and lichen-dominated peat plateaux to treeless moss- and sedge-dominated collapse scar environments. Data are from a set of 17 sites distributed along a latitudinal gradient in the Mackenzie Valley of Northwestern Canada. At each site, a transect of five to nine contiguous 1x1m quadrats was sampled, spanning the transition from peat plateau to collapse scar environments and, thus, capturing the zone of active permafrost thaw within peat plateaux as they transition to collapse scars. Fourteen of these sites were sampled at two time periods: 2007 and 2008 (T1: time 1), and 2017 and 2018 (T2: time 2) enabling an assessment of 10-year changes (9 years for one site). This dataset includes quadrat-level measurements of plant community composition (percent cover by species), frost depth, water table depth, peat depth, soil moisture, and canopy cover. Site level measurements consist of maximum peat depth, along with pH and electrical conductivity of collapse scar water samples, as well as the annual rate of lateral permafrost thaw. We also include basic site location parameters, as well as several climatic parameters, interpolated for each site using BioSIM software.</p>
Carbon Dioxide and Methane Flux Meta Analysis, Schaerer et al: Permafrost microbes unleashed: thaw reactors provide timely insights into greenhouse gas feedbacks for climate stewardship
<p>Meta-analysis results and workflow: <strong>Meta-Analysis-Report-V1.pdf</strong> </p> <p>raw data tables for input into meta-analysis:</p> <p><strong>co2_flux_by_layer_temp.csv</strong></p> <p><strong>co2_flux_by_layer_time.csv</strong></p> <p><strong>ch4_flux_by_layer_temp.csv</strong></p> <p><strong>ch4_flux_by_layer_time.csv</strong></p> <p><strong>co2_flux_by_headspace_temp.csv</strong></p> <p>(Data included in these tables was digitized using the R package metaDigitize)</p> <p>****</p> <p>We also attempted to summarize the raw data from 12 studies which is summarized in the <strong><em>Flux_Summary_Report </em></strong>document. we converted all units into mg C / g Soil * d (calculations are included in the <strong><em>co2_meta_analysis</em></strong> spreadsheet). For studies not reporting raw data or data tables (7/12 studies), we estimated the values from the figures manually. This typically resulted in an estimate of the mean flux of several replicates (all studies had 3-10 replicates). We filled in metadata as well as we could based on the information available in the papers, although there were many gaps. This information is summarized in the <strong><em>flux_data_compilation</em> </strong>spreadsheet.</p> <p>Studies in the raw data comparison include: Mackelprang 2011, Waldrop 2010 & 2021, Barbato 2022, Dang 2022, Muller 2018, Monteaux 2020, Dutta 2006, Lee 2012, O'Donnell 2009, Roy Chowdhury 2014, Trubl 2021.</p>
Permafrost thaw causes large carbon loss in boreal peatlands while changes to peat quality are limited
<p>Rapid, ongoing permafrost thaw of peatlands in the discontinuous permafrost zone is exposing a globally significant store of soil carbon (C) to microbial processes. Mineralisation and release of this peat C to the atmosphere as greenhouse gases is a potentially important feedback to climate change. Here we investigated the effects of permafrost thaw on peat C at a peatland complex in western Canada. We collected 15 complete peat cores (between 2.7 abd 4.5 m deep) along four chronosequences, from elevated permafrost plateaus to saturated thermokarst bogs that thawed up to 600 years ago. The peat cores were analysed for peat C storage and peat quality, as indicated by decomposition proxies (FTIR and C/N ratios) and potential decomposability using a 200-day aerobic incubation. Our results suggest net C loss following thaw, with average total peat C stocks decreasing by ~19.3 +/- 7.2 kg C m<sup>-2</sup> over <600 years (~13% loss). Average post-thaw accumulation of new peat at the surface over the same period was ~13.1 +/- 2.5 kg C m<sup>-2</sup>. We estimate ~19% (+/- 5.8%) of deep peat (>40 cm below surface) C is lost following thaw (average 26 +/- 7.9 kg C m<sup>-2</sup> over <600 years). Our FTIR analysis shows peat below the thaw transition in thermokarst bogs is slightly more decomposed than peat of a similar type and age in permafrost plateaus, but we found no significant changes to the quality or lability of deeper peat across the chronosequences. Our incubation results also showed no increase in C mineralisation of deep peat across the chronosequences. While these limited changes in peat quality in deeper peat following permafrost thaw highlight uncertainty in the exact mechanisms and processes for C loss, our analysis of peat C stocks shows large C losses following permafrost thaw in peatlands in western Canada.</p>
Dataset for Permafrost Thaw across the Tibetan Plateau
<p>This datasets include four directories, which are respectively:</p> <p>1. Historical Ta and P</p> <p>This directory includes the bias-corrected daily air temperature and precipitation data during 1980-2019 used as the input data for historical simulation. ERA5 reanalysis dataset is selected as the background field and quality-controlled observations at 97 meteorological stations within and surrounding the Tibetan Plateau have been used for bias correction.</p> <p>2. Permafrost Distribution</p> <p> The simulated historical permafrost distribution in 1980 and 2019, and the projected permafrost distribution in 2060 and 2100 respectively under SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 in the Tibetan Plateau.</p> <p> 0: area without permafrost;</p> <p> 1: area underlain by permafrost without talik;</p> <p> 2: area underlain by permafrost with talik;</p> <p>3. Permafrost Table Depth</p> <p> The simulated spatial distribution of permafrost table depth in 1980 and 2019, and the projected spatial distribution of permafrost table depth in 2060 and 2100 respectively under SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 in the Tibetan Plateau. For the area underlain by permafrost without talik, the permafrost table depth is equivalent to active layer thickness. The scope of near-surface permafrost is defined as the regions where permafrost table depth is less than 3 m, that is, permafrost exists in the top 3 m soil layer. (unit: m)</p> <p>4. TP Sub-region Scope</p> <p>A shape file for the scope of the 10 sub-regions in the Tibetan Plateau.</p>
Data set for model validation in "Simulating ice segregation and thaw consolidation in permafrost environments with the CryoGrid community model"
<p>This upload contains the data set for model validation in the manuscript "Simulating ice segregation and thaw consolidation in permafrost environments with the CryoGrid community model".</p>
Permafrost thaw causes large carbon loss in boreal peatlands while changes to peat quality are limited
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Rate of permafrost thaw and associated plant community dynamics in peatlands of northwestern Canada
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data used in "Evaluation of topography and vegetation coverage impacts on watershed-scale active layer freeze-thaw processes with a simple algorithm in permafrost region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau"
<p>This is the data used in the manuscript "Evaluation of topography and vegetation coverage impacts on watershed-scale active layer freeze-thaw processes with a simple algorithm in permafrost region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau" (JGR earth surface 2020JF005564 ).</p>
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