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354 results for “phenolics”
Figure 3 in Phenolic substances and cyanogenesis in galled and non-galled tissue of the fern species Microgramma vacciniifolia
Figure 3. PCoA (Principal Coordinates Analysis) ordination diagram for the presence and absence of the phenolic substances in galled and non-galled tissue of the Microgramma vacciniifolia. SNM (stem non-galled by midge), MIG (midge-induced galls), MIGP (midgeinduced galls attacked by parasitoids), SNMM (stem non-galled by micromoth), MMIG (micromoth-induced galls)
Figure 2 in Phenolic substances and cyanogenesis in galled and non-galled tissue of the fern species Microgramma vacciniifolia
Figure 2. Chromatogram and ultraviolet (UV) spectra of methanolic Microgramma vacciniifolia extracts. MMIG (micromoth-induced galls), MIG (midge-induced galls), MIGP (midge-induced galls attacked by parasitoids).
Figure 1 in Phenolic substances and cyanogenesis in galled and non-galled tissue of the fern species Microgramma vacciniifolia
Figure 1. Chromatogram and ultraviolet (UV) spectra of methanolic Microgramma vacciniifolia extracts. SNMM (stem non-galled by micromoth), SNM (stem non-galled by midge).
Can metal organic frameworks outperform adsorptive removal of harmful phenolic compound 2-chlorophenol by activated carbon?
<p>Dataset supporting publication. High resolution images, and full data set as produced in manuscript figures.</p> <p><strong>Preprint</strong>: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.10320752.v1">https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.10320752.v1 </a></p> <p><strong>Published article:</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2020.03.017">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2020.03.017 </a></p> <p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Removal of persistent organic compounds from aqueous solutions is generally achieved using adsorbent like activated carbon (AC) but it suffers from limited adsorption capacity due to low surface area. This paper describes a pioneering work on the adsorption of an organic pollutant, 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) by two MOFs with high surface area and water stability; MIL-101 and its amino-derivative, MIL-101-NH<sub>2</sub>. Although MOFs have higher surface area than AC, the latter was proven better having the highest equilibrium 2-CP uptake (345 mg.g<sup>-1</sup>), followed by MIL-101 (121 mg.g<sup>-1</sup>) and MIL-101-NH<sub>2</sub> (84 mg.g<sup>-1</sup>). Used MIL-101 could be easily regenerated multiple times by washing with ethanol and even showed improved adsorption capacity after each washing cycle. These results can open the doors to meticulous adsorbent selection for treating 2-CP-contaminated water. </p>
Occurrence data on brominated phenols and their derivatives provided to EFSA
<p><span>The file contains the raw occurrence dataset on brominated phenols and their derivatives in food as extracted from EFSA DWH on 1 of December 2022 and presented in the EFSA opinion on the update of the risk assessment of brominated phenols and their derivatives in food. This dataset is compliant with EFSA SSD2 data model and contains two additional columns documenting issues identified in the cleaning process (column: issue) and the outcome of the action taken (column: outcome) to address the issue (e.g. delete record or update values in specific fields). The link to the catalogues of controlled terminologies for the updated textual description of fields values can be found under "Related works, supplemented by”.</span></p>
Assessing the Cytotoxicity of Phenolic and Terpene Fractions Extracted from Iraqi Prunus arabica on AMJ-13 and SK-GT-4 Human Cancer Cell Lines
<p>Breast and esophagus cancer are the most aggressive and prominent causes of death worldwide. In addition, these cancers showed resistance to current chemotherapy regimens with limited success rates and fatal outcomes. Recently many studies reported the significant cytotoxic effects of phenolic and terpene fractions extracted from various <em>Prunus</em> species against different cancer cell lines. This suggests the probability to be a candidate as an alternative or adjuvant to the current chemotherapeutic regimens. The study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of phenolic and terpene fractions extracted from Iraqi <em>Prunus arabica</em> on breast (AMJ-13) and esophagus (SK-GT-4) cancer cell lines by using the MTT assay. Analysis using Chou-Talalay method performed to assess the synergistic effect between the extracted fractions and chemotherapeutic agent (docetaxel). Moreover, HPLC analysis has been conducted for the quantitative determination of different bioactive molecule of both phenolic and terpene fractions in the extract. According to the findings, the treatment modalities significantly decreased cancer cell viability of AMJ-13 and SK-GT-4 and had insignificant cytotoxicity on the normal cells (normal human fibroblast cell line) (all less than 50% cytotoxicity). Analyzing with Chou-Talalay showed a strong synergism with docetaxel on both cancer cell lines (higher cytotoxicity even in low concentrations) and failed to induce a cytotoxicity on the normal cells. Important flavonoid glycosides and terpenoids were detected by HPLC in the particularly ferulic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, B sitosterol, and campesterol. In conclusion, the extracted fractions selectively inhibited the proliferation of both cancer cell and showed minimal cytotoxicity on normal cells. Thus, the study suggested the possible natural source of selected fractions as breast and esophagus cancer drugs</p>
Spectrophotometric and Fluorimetric High-Throughput Assays for Phenolic Acid Decarboxylase
<p>Biocatalytic decarboxylation of hydroxycinnamic acids yields phenolic styrenes, which are important precursors for antioxidants, epoxy coatings, adhesives and other polymeric materials. <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> decarboxylase (<em>Bs</em>PAD) is a cofactor-independent enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of carbon dioxide from <em>p</em>-coumaric-, caffeic-, and ferulic acid with high catalytic efficiency. Real-time spectroscopic assays for decarboxylase reactions remove the necessity of extensive sample workup, which is required for HPLC, mass spectrometry, gas chromatography, or NMR methods. This work presents two robust and sensitive assays based on photometry and fluorimetry that allow decarboxylation reactions to be followed with high sensitivity while avoiding product extraction and long analysis times. Optimized assay procedures were used to measure <em>Bs</em>PAD activity in cell lysates and to determine the kinetic constants (<em>K</em><sub>M</sub> and <em>V</em><sub>max</sub>) of the purified enzyme for <em>p</em>-coumaric-, caffeic- and ferulic acid. Substrate inhibition was shown for caffeic acid.</p>
Data from: Effect of altitude on volatile organic and phenolic compounds of artemisia brevifolia wall ex Dc. from the Western Himalayas
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Evaluation of bacterial bioinoculants and organic fertilizers on the growth of Furcraea sp. and the production of phenols and flavonoids
Furcraea sp. is a plant native to the Andean region that has a big impact in the economy due to the uses associates to the plant. This data set correspond to the results of the study "Effects of Bacterial Bioinoculants and Organic Fertilizers on Leaf Length, Total Phenol and Total Flavonoid Content in a Crop of Furcraea sp. in Sibundoy Putumayo". In the study, we applied bioinoculants and organic fertilizers either alone or in combination in order to determine their effect on the leaf lenght and the production of secondary metabolites. We present three data sets: the first one correspond to the leaf length (cm), that was measuere every 15 day during 400 days. This data was collected to determine how the different tratments applied affected the growth of the leaves of Furcraea sp. The second one is the total phenol content. It was measured by the Folin Ciocalteu method and the results were expressed as Equivalent mg of Galic acid/ g of dry vegetable material. The third one is the quantification of flavonoids, with the same thecnique mentioned before. The results were expressed as Equivalent mg of rutine/ g of dry vegetable materia. The aim of meassuring this two metabolites was to determine if there was any relationship between the products applied and their production.
Survey of aspen leaf mining and leaf defenses, including foliar phenolic glycosides and extrafloral nectaries
This dataset characterizes the insect damage levels and chemical defenses of aspen (Populus tremuloides) leaves collected from multiple sites near Fairbanks, Alaska in June 2007. The intent of the data set was to relate leaf mining damage by the aspen leaf miner, Phyllocnistis populiella, to the concentration of phenolic glycosides (secondary metabolites; putative defensive compounds) in leaves.
Soil nitrogen cycling in a boreal hardwood forest in relation to the phenolic compound bearing species Ledum palustre
Ledum palustre (Labrador tea) is a late successional evergreen shrub widely distributed in boreal ecosystems that readily leaches high concentrations of soluble phenolic compounds into water. We selected this species in order to study whether leaf leachates could be responsible for the effects of plant canopy on N cycling under natural conditions. Organic matter content, soil respiration and net N mineralization were measured in organic and mineral soil horizons and gross N mineralization was also measured in mineral soils sampled underneath L. palustre in a hardwood forest dominated by Populus tremuloides and Betula neoalaskana. Soils were amended with L. palustre litter leachates and incubated in the laboratory. Because mineral soil is also influenced by the overlying organic horizon we also characterized some simple indices of the organic horizon carbon quality (lignin, cellulose and condensed tannins) to look for differences in likely decomposability. Our objectives were i) to determine whether L. palustre presence and L. palustre leachates addition changed soil N availability, and ii) to determine the specific N cycling processes that were affected, including changes in mineralization, nitrification or immobilization. We wanted to know whether L. palustre leachates could be a mechanism through which plant presence would impact N cycling.
Staphylococcus aureus phenol soluble modulin aggregation kinetics
<p><span>The infective ability of the </span>opportunistic pathogen <i><span>S</span>taphylococcus<span> aureus</span></i><span>, recognized as the most frequent cause of biofilm-associated infections, is associated with biofilm mediated resistance to host immune response. Phenol-soluble modulins (PSM) comprise the structural scaffold of <i>S. aureus</i> biofilms through self-assembly into functional amyloids, but the role of individual PSMs during biofilm formation remains poorly understood and the </span>molecular pathways of PSM self-assembly have yet to be identified<span>. Here, we demonstrate high degree of cooperation between individual PSMs during functional amyloid formation. PSMα3 initiates the aggregation, forming unstable aggregates capable of seeding other PSMs resulting in stable amyloid structures. Using chemical kinetics we dissect the molecular mechanism of aggregation of individual PSMs showing that PSMα1, PSMα3 and PSM</span><span>β</span><span>1 display secondary nucleation whereas PSM</span><span>β</span><span>2 aggregates through primary nucleation and elongation. Our findings suggest that the various PSMs have evolved to ensure fast and efficient biofilm formation through cooperation between individual peptides.</span></p>
Formations of mycorrhizal symbiosis alter the phenolic heteropolymers in roots and leaves of four temperate woody species
<p>The decomposition rates of senesced tissues from plants associated with ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi tend to differ from that associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. However, the chemical underpinnings that could drive the observed differences in decomposition are less explored.</p> <p>Here, we characterized the content, composition, and spatial organization of phenolic heteropolymers in roots and leaves of four temperate tree species across eight plant-fungus combinations, forming either AM or EcM associations.</p> <p>Colonization by either AM or EcM fungi tended to decrease the abundance of lignin, condensed tannins, and ratios of lignin and nitrogen in roots and/or leaves, which would lead to lower chemical recalcitrance of tissues. The decrease in root lignin abundance by either mycorrhizal type was associated with an expanded cortex, potentially facilitating symbiosis. Additionally, changes in lignin molecular composition by mycorrhizal symbiosis differed between plant phylogenetic lineages irrespective of mycorrhizal type.</p> <p>Our results suggest that the mycorrhiza-associated changes in plant chemical traits that regulate litter decomposition may not be unique to AM or EcM associations; rather, both associations can reduce root and leaf chemical recalcitrance. Further, the differential modification in lignin composition by mycorrhizal symbiosis between plant phylogenetic groups highlights the influence of plant evolutionary history in plant-mycorrhizal interactions.</p>
Nanopore MinION Run Metrics and genomic DNA fragment size analysis data from automated phenol-chloroform extractions (RBI LabDroid Maholo)
<p>Nanopore MinION run MinKNOW statistical metrics output, Agilent Femto Pulse and Tape Station gDNA fragment size analysis reports of genomic DNA isolated from automated RBI LabDroid Maholo organic extractions.</p>
Concentrations of total phenolics and condensed tannins and the number of galls combined in each sample
<p>Gall-forming insects induce various types of galls on their host plants by altering gene expression in host plant organs, and recent studies have been conducted for gene expression in galls. However, the evolutionary trajectories of gene expression patterns and the resulting phenotypes have not yet been studied using multiple related species. We investigated the speciation and the diversification process of galls induced by four closely-related aphid species (Hormaphidini) on a host plant species (<em>Hamamelis japonica</em>) by examining the phylogenetic congruence between the geographic divergences of aphids and the host plant, and by comparing their gene expression patterns and resulting phenotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of aphids and the host plant showed that geographic isolation among host plant populations has interrupted gene flow in aphids and accelerated the speciation process. The concentration of phenolics and the complexity of the internal structure of galls were correlated with the expression levels of genes for the biosynthesis of phenolics and morphogenesis, respectively. These results suggest that the expression levels of genes for the biosynthesis of phenolics and morphogenesis have evolutionarily increased in galls accelerated by the speciation process of aphids due to the distribution change of the host plant, leading to the related phenotypic evolution. Our study showed the evolutionary process of phenotypic traits in galls in the wild from both gene expression and actual phenotype levels.</p>
Data on the Blackthorn fruit peel: phenolic compounds and antimicrobial synergy with blue light against Listeria monocytogenes
<p>The dataset contains results obtained during a project funded by the National Science Centre, Poland [Grant number 2022/45/B/NZ9/00299 (OPUS-23)].</p>
Heat Stress and Microbial Stress Induced Defensive Phenol Accumulation in Medicinal Plant Sparganium stoloniferum
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Figure 2 in Phenolic compound and fatty acid properties of some microalgae species isolated from Erbil City
Figure 2. Total phenolic content (mg/g) extracted from algal isolates.
Figure 4 in Phenolic compound and fatty acid properties of some microalgae species isolated from Erbil City
Figure 4. Chemical composition of fatty acid in algae obtained by HPLC.
Can metal organic frameworks outperform adsorptive removal of harmful phenolic compound 2-chlorophenol by activated carbon?
<p>A more complete version of this dataset, along with publication details, is available from <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/2586955">https://zenodo.org/record/2586955</a></p>
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