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116 results for “phylogenetic signal”
FIGURE 2 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 2. Syntopic species of Tropidurus found at the Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Pé da Serra, Serra do Arame, Ibotirama, Bahia, Brazil, and their respective habitats: (A, B) T. sertanejo, n. sp. (MZUSP 104274, allotype); (C, D) T. hispidus (MZUSP 104276); (E, F) T. pinima (MZUSP 104271).
FIGURE 6 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 6. Allotype of Tropidurus sertanejo, n. sp. (MZUSP 104274): (A) head in dorsal view; (B) head in ventral view; (C) head in lateral view; (D) dorsal body illustrating the spotted pattern typical of the new species; (E) ventral body showing the unpigmented underside of the thighs and cloacal flap characteristic of females.
FIGURE 5 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 5. Holotype of Tropidurus sertanejo, n. sp. (MZUSP 104273): (A) head in dorsal view; (B) head in ventral view showing intense pigmentation toward gular region; (C) head in lateral view; (D) dorsal body; (E) ventral body showing the typical dark flash marks on the underside of the thighs and cloacal flap of adult males.
FIGURE 15 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 15. Maximum parsimony (upper) and maximum likelihood trees (lower) of Tropidurus on four mitochondrial (12S, 16S, CO1, Cyt b) and six nuclear loci (BACH1, kif24, NTF3, PRLR, PTPN, SNCAIP). Numbers associated to nodes refer to bootstrap values.
FIGURE 1. Taxonomic curve showing a in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 1. Taxonomic curve showing a steep, nonasymptotic increment in the number of species of the lizard genus Tropidurus described since 1820. Specimen of T. sertanejo, n. sp., MZUSP 104274 (allotype).
FIGURE 14 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 14. Maximum parsimony (upper) and maximum likelihood trees (lower) of Tropidurus based on four nuclear (BACH1, kif24, NTF3, PRLR, PTPN, SNCAIP) loci. Numbers associated to nodes refer to bootstrap values.
FIGURE 13 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 13. Maximum parsimony (upper) and maximum likelihood trees (lower) of Tropidurus based on four mitochondrial (12S, 16S, CO1, Cyt b) loci. Numbers associated to nodes refer to bootstrap values.
FIGURE 11 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 11. Boxplot showing variation in scale counts among Tropidurus species (ordinated by mean): (Tcat) T. catalanensis, (Tchr) T. chromatops, (Tcoc) T. cocorobensis, (Tery) T. erythrocephalus, (Teth) T. etheridgei, (This) T. hispidus, (Thyg) T. hygomi, (Timb) T. imbituba, (Tins) T. insulanus, (Tita) T. itambere, (Tmon) T. montanus, (Tmuc) T. mucujensis, (Tore) T. oreadicus, (Tpsa) T. psammonastes, (Tser) T. sertanejo, n. sp. (highlighted in dark gray.), (Ttor) T. torquatus.
FIGURE 4 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 4. Measurements used for morphometric analyses of Tropidurus. Abbreviations: AL, arm length; EOS, ear opening–snout distance; FAL, forearm length; FOL, foot length; HDL, hand length; HH, head height; HW, head width; SL, shank length; SVL, snout-vent length; THL, thigh length; TL, tail length.
FIGURE 3 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 3. Map on left shows the distribution of the Brazilian biomes and highlights the State of Bahia, predominantly covered by the semiarid Caatinga. Map on right (altimetric profile) shows the distribution of Tropidurus sertanejo, n. sp.: northernmost dot indicates the type locality (RPPN Fazenda Pé da Serra, Serra do Arame, Ibotirama, Bahia: 12° 08′ 45.21 S, 43° 03′ 20.83 W) and southernmost dot indicates the only known additional locality of occurrence of the new species (Caetité, Bahia: 14° 04′ 17.82 S, 42° 29′ 48.33″ W).
FIGURE 12 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 12. Scatterplot of LD1 and LD2 generated by the discriminant analysis performed on the scale counts of Tropidurus. See table 8 for corresponding summary statistics. Tropidurus sertanejo, n. sp., highlighted in dark gray.
FIGURE 10 in A new Tropidurus (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards
FIGURE 10. Scatterplot of PC1 and PC2 generated by the principal component analyses and LD1 and LD2 generated by the size-free discriminant analyses performed on the log-transformed morphometric variables of Tropidurus. Tropidurus sertanejo, n. sp., highlighted in dark gray. See table 5 for corresponding summary statistics.
Distinguishing cophylogenetic signal from phylogenetic congruence clarifies the interplay between evolutionary history and species interactions
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Phylogenetic signals in host-parasite associations for Neotropical bats and Nearctic desert rodents
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Supplemental data from: Exploring phylogenetic signal in multivariate phenotypes by maximizing Blomberg’s K
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Detecting phylogenetic signal and adaptation in papionin cranial shape by decomposing variation at different spatial scales
<p>Phylogenetic reconstruction based on morphometric data is hampered by homoplasies. For example, many similarities in cranial form between primate taxa more strongly reflect ecological similarities rather than phylogenetic relatedness. However, the way in which the different cranial bones constitute cranial form is, if at all, of less functional relevance and thus largely hidden from selection. We propose that these "constructional details" are better indicators of phylogenetic history than any large-scale shape feature or raw form variable. Within a geometric morphometric context, we show how to analyze the relative extent of bones independently of differences in overall shape. We also show how to decompose total shape variation into small-scale and large-scale shape variation. We apply both methods to the midsagittal cranial morphology of papionin monkeys, which are well known for the discrepancy between morphological similarities and phylogenetic relationships. We study phylogenetic signal and functional adaptation using a molecular phylogeny and contextual data on feeding ecology and locomotor behavior. As expected, total cranial shape, bone outline shape, and large-scale shape features were only weakly associated with phylogenetic distance. But the relative bone contributions and small-scale shape features were both highly correlated with phylogenetic distances. By contrast, the association with ecological and behavioral variables was strongest for the outline shape and large-scale shape features. Studies of morphological adaptation and phylogenetic history thus profit from a decomposition of shape variation into different spatial scales.</p>
Phylogenetic signal and evolutionary correlates of urban tolerance in a widespread neotropical lizard clade
<p>Urbanization is intensifying worldwide, and while some species tolerate and even exploit urban environments, many others are excluded entirely from this new habitat. Understanding the factors that underlie tolerance of urbanization is thus of rapidly growing importance. Here we examine urban tolerance across a diverse group of lizards: Caribbean members of the neotropical genus Anolis. Our analyses reveal that urban tolerance has strong phylogenetic signal, suggesting that closely related species tend to respond similarly to urban environments. We propose that this characteristic of urban tolerance in anoles may be used to forecast the possible responses of species to increasing urbanization. In addition, we identified several key ecological and morphological traits that tend to be associated with tolerance in Anolis. Specifically, species experiencing hot and dry conditions in their natural environment and those that maintain higher body temperatures tend to have greater tolerance of urban habitats. We also found that tolerance of urbanization is positively associated with toepad lamella number, and negatively associated with ventral scale density and relative hindlimb length. The identification of factors that predispose a species to be more or less urban tolerant can provide a starting point for conservation and sustainable development in our increasingly urbanized world.</p>
Data for: Foliar spectra accurately distinguish most temperate tree species and show strong phylogenetic signal.
<p>Gene supermatrix and partitions used for Blanchard, F., Bruneau, A., Laliberté, E. (2023). Foliar spectra accurately distinguish most temperate tree species and show strong phylogenetic signal. <i>Am.J.Bot</i>., [Submitted]. See text for more information.</p><p>All leaf spectral and trait data can be found at https://data.caboscience.org/leaf/</p>
Data from: WHAT DOES FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL REVEAL ABOUT SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN TERRESTRIAL FERNS' ENVIRONMENTAL PREFERENCES?
<p><span><strong>Questions</strong></span><span>: Our study focuses on the following questions: </span><span>1) Do the climatic and edaphic conditions of the Southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest impact terrestrial ferns' functional diversity</span><span>? 2) Which morphological functional traits are most relevant for terrestrial ferns in response to climatic and edaphic changes? 3) If there are trait-environment relationships, what adaptive </span><span>eco-evolutionary </span><span>mechanisms can be inferred from them?</span></p> <p><span><strong>Study site</strong></span><span>: Subtropical Atlantic Forest, </span><span>encompassing </span><span>Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Paraná States, Brazil.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Method</strong></span><span>: We analyzed </span><span>eleven</span><span> </span><span>morphological traits related to resistance, competitive advantage, and reproductive success. All traits were analyzed with and without phylogenetic correction to compute multi-trait functional diversity using </span><span>the standardized effect size of mean functional distance and functional composition via the community-weighted mean. Both metrics were weighted by the absolute frequency of species within sites. Subsequently, we identified the most influential climatic or </span><span>edaphic</span><span> drivers based on linear models. To assess the significance of trait-environment relationships, we employed </span><span>a </span><span>permutational</span><span> </span><span>approach</span><span>.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong></span><span>: The functional diversity of terrestrial ferns correlates with rainfall</span><span> and temperature, with subtle changes when</span><span> taking into account the phylogenetic relationship of species</span><span>. Similarly, competitive and reproductive traits were associated with</span><span> annual</span><span> rainfall</span><span> and rainfall seasonality</span><span>. However, most morphological traits vary independently of </span><span>edaphic</span><span> and climatic factors, regardless</span><span> of</span><span> whether phylogenetic relatedness is</span><span> considered or not. Few traits, specifically related to resistance and competition, were dispersed across the phylogeny and were not linked with any factor evaluated, leaving the question of their true determinants unanswered.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Conclusions</strong></span><span>: Combining functional and phylogenetic information on terrestrial ferns indicates that species morphology response highly depends on the scale ob</span><span>served. Our analyses demonstrate that climatic and not edaphic factors are the primary drivers of trait diversity in terrestrial ferns within the Subtropical Atlantic Forest, influencing most evaluated traits.</span><span> These findings may help predict the distribution of terrestrial ferns amidst the increasing trend of land use and cover changes in the Atlantic Forest domain.</span></p>
Data from: Phylogenetic and kinematic constraints on avian flight signals
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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