Find research datasets worth reusing

ANIMATION 1 in Comparison of methods: Micro-CT visualization method and epoxy cast-embedding reveal hidden details of bioerosion in the tube walls of Cretaceous polychaete worms

ANIMATION 1. Three-dimensional animation of specimen Cementula sp., a coiled tube, no. CZ2, from Velim locality, the Czech Republic.

FIGURE 3 in Comparison of methods: Micro-CT visualization method and epoxy cast-embedding reveal hidden details of bioerosion in the tube walls of Cretaceous polychaete worms

FIGURE 3. Cementula sp., a coiled tube, no. CZ2, from Velim. A–C. Scanning electron microscope images of resin cast, B–C insets in A showing microbioerosion beneath D–F. Micro-CT images. A, D and E. Identical views using different methods. B. SEM image of resin cast shows branching stolons of Iramena isp., below lower limit of micro-CT resolution. C. Detail showing microbioerosion beneath tube surface and shaft incompletely filled with epoxy resin. D. 2D section through both tubes. E. Semi-transparent rendering of 2D section. F. Volume reproduction image, 3D view to smooth inner surfaces of the tubes.

FIGURE 1. A in Comparison of methods: Micro-CT visualization method and epoxy cast-embedding reveal hidden details of bioerosion in the tube walls of Cretaceous polychaete worms

FIGURE 1. A. Simplified geographic map of Bohemian Cretaceous Basin indicating locations of the studied sites (in rectangle). B. Geographic position of nearshore deposits at Velim, Kaňk "Na Vrších" and Kamajka, where samples were taken (black pentangles).

FIGURE 4 in Comparison of methods: Micro-CT visualization method and epoxy cast-embedding reveal hidden details of bioerosion in the tube walls of Cretaceous polychaete worms

FIGURE 4. Placostegus zbyslavus (Ziegler, 1984), longitudinal section of a tube from Kamajka near Chotusice, no. NM O8727. A. SEM image of the resin cast showing a high degree of silicification that led to incomplete dissolution of the tube wall in HCl; image shows only indeterminate non-branching shafts. B. The same view of the specimen using micro-CT clearly shows relatively frequent Maeandropolydora isp. and shallow shafts of Trypanites isp.

FIGURE 2 in Comparison of methods: Micro-CT visualization method and epoxy cast-embedding reveal hidden details of bioerosion in the tube walls of Cretaceous polychaete worms

FIGURE 2. Stratigraphic provenance of serpulid tubes from Velim, Kamajka, and Kaňk. 1 - crystalline basement; 2 - basal Cenomanian conglomerate; 3 - redeposited Turonian conglomerate; 4 - bioclastic limestone with calcitic-clayey matrix; 5 - organodetritic clayey limestone; 6 - marly siltstone with intercalations of phosphatized horizon; 7 - sponge 'meadows'; 8 - limestone layer with nodule-like bodies; 9 - calcareous claystone (modified from Košťák et al., 2010; Kočí, 2012). Full filled circles indicate position of serpulid fauna.

ANIMATION 2 in Comparison of methods: Micro-CT visualization method and epoxy cast-embedding reveal hidden details of bioerosion in the tube walls of Cretaceous polychaete worms

ANIMATION 2. Three-dimensional animation of specimen Placostegus zbyslavus (Ziegler, 1984), from Kamajka locality, the Czech Republic, no. NM O8727.

Fig. 4 in The marine myxosporean Sigmomyxa sphaerica (Thélohan, 1895) gen. n., comb. n. (syn. Myxidium sphaericum) from garfish (Belone belone (L.)) uses the polychaete Nereis pelagica L. as invertebrate host

Fig. 4 Phylogenetic affinities of S. sphaerica among related members of the marine clade of Myxosporea. S. sphaerica is closest related to Ellipsomyxa spp., and these two genera represent a sister group to M. queenslandicus incertae sedis in a well-supported clade. Other Myxidium spp. in the marine clade are not closely related to S. sphaerica, including M. laticurvum (JN033229, new sequence) and M. bergense from the type host P. virens in Norway (JN033231, new sequence). All new sequences in bold. Clade support values: upper, MrBayes posterior probabilities (in percent); middle, maximum likelihood bootstrap (N=100) support values (Paup); lower, maximum parsimony (Mega)

Fig. 1 in The marine myxosporean Sigmomyxa sphaerica (Thélohan, 1895) gen. n., comb. n. (syn. Myxidium sphaericum) from garfish (Belone belone (L.)) uses the polychaete Nereis pelagica L. as invertebrate host

Fig. 1 Plasmodia and myxospores of S. sphaerica from the gallbladder of B. belone. a Plasmodium (flattened) without visible indication of sporogony, showing distinction between ecto- and endoplasm. b Sporulated plasmodium (flattened) showing spores in valvular view, vacuolate appearance and refractive granules. Note that any polar capsule lengths taken in valvular view may be erroneously short due to their oblique orientation in the spores. c Spore in sutural view. d, e Spores as seen in the focal plane of one polar capsule, showing polar filament coils and the valvular extensions associated with the protruding part of the capsules. Scale bars a, b 10 μm, c, d 5 μm

Fig. 3 in The marine myxosporean Sigmomyxa sphaerica (Thélohan, 1895) gen. n., comb. n. (syn. Myxidium sphaericum) from garfish (Belone belone (L.)) uses the polychaete Nereis pelagica L. as invertebrate host

Fig. 3 Actinospores of S. sphaerica in naturally infected N. pelagica from northern Øresund, Denmark. Interference contrast, to same scale. a Apical and lateral views of free actino-spores. b Lateral views showing the three nuclei of the shell valve cells (arrows) and the two nuclei of the sporoplasm cells (arrowheads). Scale bar 5 μm

Fig. 5 in The marine myxosporean Sigmomyxa sphaerica (Thélohan, 1895) gen. n., comb. n. (syn. Myxidium sphaericum) from garfish (Belone belone (L.)) uses the polychaete Nereis pelagica L. as invertebrate host

Fig. 5 Schematic illustration of the life cycle of S. sphaerica. The polychaete N. pelagica acts as the invertebrate hosts and the garfish B. belone acts as the fish hosts. a Actinospore, b myxospore. Not to scale

Fig. 5 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 5. Serpulid polychaetes from the Jurassic of Poland. A–C. Cementula spirolinites (Münster in Goldfuss, 1831), specimen encrusting: sponge fragment from the Oxfordian of Zalas (A, GIUS 8-3746/4; B, GIUS 8-3746/5; C, GIUS 8-3746/6). D. Cementula radwanskae sp. nov., holotype (GIUS 8-3589/7, arrow) encrusting a shell fragment from the Callovian of Zalas; partially encrusting another C. radwanskae, sabellid Glomerula gordialis (Schlotheim, 1820) (white arrowhead), and serpulid Metavermilia cf. striatissima (Fürsich, Palmer, and Goodyear, 1994) (black arrowhead). E–G. Cementula radwanskae sp. nov. encrusting shell fragments from the Callovian of Zalas (E, paratype, GIUS 8-3589/8; F, paratype, GIUS 8-3589/9; G, GIUS 8-3589/10).

Fig. 15 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 15. Representative hard substrates colonized by the Middle and Upper Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin. A. Upper Bathonian hiatus concretion from Ogrodzieniec; sabellid Glomerula gordialis (Schlotheim, 1820) (GIUS 8-3751), indicated by arrows. B. Bajocian–Bathonian oncoid from Ogrodzieniec-Świertowiec; the entire oncoid is intensively encrusted by serpulids and sabellids (GIUS 8-3750). C. Callovian bivalve Ctenostreon proboscideum (Sowerby, 1820) from hardground of Zalas; black arrow indicates sabellid Glomerula gordialis, white arrow indicates juvenile serpulid Propomatoceros lumbricalis (GIUS 8-3589). D. Lower Kimmeridgian oyster from oyster shell beds of Małogoszcz; an arrow indicates sabellid Glomerula gordialis (Schlotheim, 1820) (GIUS 8-3747). E. Middle Bathonian oyster from soft muddy substrates of Gnaszyn Dolny; serpulid Propomatoceros lumbricalis (Schlotheim, 1820) is exemplified by arrows (black and white). White arrows point the specimens infested by the hydroid Protulophila gestroi (Rovereto, 1901) (GIUS 8-3730). F. Oxfordian sponge from Zalas; an arrow indicates serpulid Filogranula spongiophila sp. nov. (GIUS 8-3746). Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 11 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 11. Serpulid polychaetes from the Jurassic of Poland. A. Placostegus planorbiformis (Münster in Goldfuss, 1831) encrusting a sponge fragment from the Oxfordian of Zalas (GIUS 8-3746/8). B. Pseudovermilia sp. encrusting a rock fragment from the Callovian of Zalas (GIUS 8-3589/15). Scale bars 1 mm.

Fig. 4 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 4. Serpulid polychaetes from the Jurassic of Poland. A. Metavermilia? sp. encrusting a belemnite rostrum from the middle Bathonian of Gnaszyn Dolny (GIUS 8-3730/9). B–E. Filogranula runcinata (Sowerby, 1829), specimens encrusting: an oncoid from the upper Bajocian–lower Bathonian of Ogrodzieniec-Świertowiec (B, GIUS 8-3750/3); a hiatus concretion from the upper Bajocian of Mokrsko (C, GIUS 8-3751/4); shell fragments from the middle Bathonian of Gnaszyn Dolny (D, GIUS 8-3730/10), the Callovian of Zalas (E, GIUS 8-3589/6). F, G. Filogranula spongiophila sp. nov. encrusting sponge fragments from the Oxfordian of Zalas (F, holotype, GIUS 8-3746/2; G, paratype, GIUS 8-3746/3). Scale bars 1 mm.

Fig. 1 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 1. Palaeogeography and geology of the investigated area. A. Paleogeographical sketch-map of Europe during the Middle Jurassic (from Leonowicz 2016, modified after Ziegler 1990). AM, Armorican Massif; BM, Bohemian Massif; CEBS, Central European Basin System; CNSD, Central North Sea Dome; IBM, Iberian Meseta,; IM, Irish Massif; LBM, London-Brabant Massif; MCA, Meta-Carpathian Arc; RHB, Rockall-Hatton Bank; UH, Ukrainian High. B. Geological sketch-map of Poland without the Cenozoic cover with three sampled localities indicated. HCM, Holy Cross Mountains; PJ, Polish Jura; 1, Bolęcin; 2, Zalas; 3, Małogoszcz. C. Geological map of the Polish Jura area without Quaternary cover, with sampled localities indicated (after Zatoń and Taylor 2009b).

Fig. 14 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 14. Dendrogram showing clustering of substrates sharing similar taxa of tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin.

Fig. 10 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 10. Serpulid and sabellid polychaetes from the Jurassic of Poland. A. Mucroserpula tricarinata (Sowerby, 1829) (white arrow) and sabellid Glomerula gordialis (black arrow) encrusting a fragment of a shell from the Callovian of Zalas (GIUS 8-3589/14). B. Mucroserpula? sp. encrusting a fragment of a shell from the middle Bathonian of Gnaszyn Dolny (GIUS 8-3730/26); top (B1) and cross-section view (B2). Notice the characteristic pentagonal cross-section (B2) due to the presence of three keels. Scale bars 1 mm.

Fig. 13 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 13. Serpulid polychaetes from the Jurassic of Poland. A. Unattached Serpulidae sp. 2 from the middle Bathonian of Gnaszyn Dolny (GIUS 8-3730/27). B. Dense aggregation of closely spaced Serpulidae sp. 3 encrusting a fragment of a belemnite rostrum from the middle Bathonian of Gnaszyn Dolny GIUS 8-3730/28). C. Serpulidae sp. 4 from the lower Kimmeridgian of Małogoszcz (GIUS 8-3747/3).

Fig. 6 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 6. Serpulid polychaetes from the Jurassic of Poland. A. Cementula cf. circinnalis (Münster in Goldfuss, 1831) encrusting an oncoid from the upper Bajocian–lower Bathonian of Ogrodzieniec-Świertowiec (GIUS 8-3750/4). B. "Serpula cingulata Münster in Goldfuss, 1831" encrusting a sponge fragment from the the Oxfordian of Zalas (GIUS 8-3746/7). C. Propomatoceros lumbricalis (Schlotheim, 1820) (arrowhead) and Cementula cf. circinnalis arrow) encrusting an oncoid from the upper Bajocian–lower Bathonian of Ogrodzieniec-Świertowiec (GIUS 8-3750/5). D–F. Propomatoceros lumbricalis, specimen encrusting: a piece of a belemnite rostrum from the middle Bathonian of Gnaszyn Dolny (D, GIUS 8-3730/11); an oyster shell from the middle Bathonian of Gnaszyn Dolny (E, GIUS 8-3730/12); a shell fragment from the Callovian of Zalas (F, GIUS 8-3589/11).

Fig. 12 in Middle and Late Jurassic tube-dwelling polychaetes from the Polish Basin: diversity, palaeoecology and comparisons with other assemblages

Fig. 12. Serpulidae sp. 1 from the Jurassic of Poland. A. Serpulidae sp. 1 and a tiny Glomerula gordialis (Schlotheim, 1820) (arrowed) encrusting a shell fragment from the upper Bathonian–lower Callovian of Bolęcin (GIUS 8-3745/4); top (A1) and lateral (A2) view; A2 shows a flattened shape of the tube. B. Serpulidae sp. 1 and a tiny, presumably juvenile Filogranula runcinata (Sowerby, 1829) (above, arrowed) encrusting a shell fragment from the Callovian of Zalas (GIUS 8-3589/16). Scale bars 1 mm.