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487 results for “population differences”
Fig. 3 in Differences In Skull Size Of Harbour Porpoises, Phocoena Phocoena (Cetacea), In The Sea Of Azov And The Black Sea: Evidence For Different Morphotypes And Populations
Fig. 3. The skull measurements of the harbour porpoises from the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea: 1 — zygomatic width vs rostrum width at the mid-point; 2 — parietal width vs rostrum width at the mid-point.
Fig. 4 in Differences In Skull Size Of Harbour Porpoises, Phocoena Phocoena (Cetacea), In The Sea Of Azov And The Black Sea: Evidence For Different Morphotypes And Populations
Fig. 4. Черепа морских свиней, Phocoena phocoena relicta, из Азовского и Чёрного морей, вид сверху: 1 — Азовское море, самец; 2 — Азовское море, самка; 3 — Чёрное море, самец; 4 — Чёрное море, самка. Фото М. П. Чоповди.
Fig. 2 in Differences In Skull Size Of Harbour Porpoises, Phocoena Phocoena (Cetacea), In The Sea Of Azov And The Black Sea: Evidence For Different Morphotypes And Populations
Fig. 2. Skull proportions of the harbour porpoises from the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea (mean ± standard deviation is presented as the box, upper and lower limits as the lines): 1 — zygomatic width as the CBL percentage; 2 — rostrum width at the mid-point as the CBL percentage.
Whole-genome analysis of multiple wood ant population pairs supports similar speciation histories, but different degrees of gene flow, across their European ranges
<p>The application of demographic history modelling and inference to the study of divergence between species has become a cornerstone of speciation genomics. Speciation histories are usually reconstructed by analysing single populations from each species, assuming that the inferred population history represents the actual speciation history. However, this assumption may not be met when species diverge with gene flow, e.g., when secondary contact may be confined to specific geographic regions. Here, we tested whether divergence histories inferred from heterospecific populations may vary depending on their geographic locations, using the two wood ant species <em>Formica polyctena</em> and <em>F. aquilonia</em>. We performed whole-genome resequencing of 20 individuals sampled in multiple locations across the European ranges of both species. Then, we reconstructed the histories of distinct heterospecific population pairs using a coalescent-based approach. Our analyses always supported a scenario of divergence with gene flow, suggesting that divergence started in the Pleistocene (ca. 500 kya) and occurred with continuous asymmetrical gene flow from <em>F. aquilonia</em> to <em>F. polyctena</em> until a recent time, when migration became negligible (2-19 kya). However, we found support for contemporary gene flow in a sympatric pair from Finland, where the species hybridise, but no signature of recent bidirectional gene flow elsewhere. Overall, our results suggest that divergence histories reconstructed from a few individuals may be applicable at the species level. Nonetheless, the geographical context of populations chosen to represent their species should be taken into account, as it may affect estimates of migration rates between species when gene flow is spatially heterogeneous.</p>
Two-sex integrated population model reveals intersexual differences in life history strategies in Cooper's Hawks
<p>This site contains data files and model code for a dynamic nesting territory occupance model and 2-sex integrated population model for Cooper's hawks in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, 2011 - 2020.</p>
Fig. 5. A in Shell Morphology, Growth Pattern And Population Dynamics Of The Land Snail Xerolenta Obvia (Menke, 1828) In Two Areas Of Different Climatic Conditions Within A Temperate Climate Region
Fig. 5. A) Mean monthly whorl increment of Xerolenta obvia in two growth seasons in SW (solid line) and NE (dashed line) populations; B) mean (black lines), maxi- mum and minimum (grey lines) monthly temperature, and C) total monthly precipitation during the study period in SW (solid lines) and NE (dashed lines) sites. Data from nearest meteorological stations in Wrocław and Suwałki (IMGW-PIB data)
Fig. 2 in Shell Morphology, Growth Pattern And Population Dynamics Of The Land Snail Xerolenta Obvia (Menke, 1828) In Two Areas Of Different Climatic Conditions Within A Temperate Climate Region
Fig. 2. Distribution of shell pattern types of Xero- lenta obvia snails in the two populations studied, SW (n = 781) and NE (n = 1387)
Multilevel selection on social network traits differs between sexes in experimental populations of forked fungus beetles
<p>Both individual and group behavior can influence individual fitness, but multilevel selection is rarely quantified on social behaviors. Social networks provide a unique opportunity to study multilevel selection on social behaviors, as they describe complex social traits and patterns of interaction at both the individual and group levels. In this study, we used contextual analysis to measure the consequences of both individual network position and group network structure on individual fitness in experimental populations of forked fungus beetles (<em>Bolitotherus</em> <em>cornutus</em>) with two different resource distributions. We found that males with high individual connectivity (strength) and centrality (betweenness) had higher mating success. However, group network structure did not influence their mating success. Conversely, we found that individual network position had no effect on female reproductive success but that females in populations with many social interactions experienced lower reproductive success. The strength of individual-level selection in males and group-level selection in females intensified when resources were clumped together, showing that habitat structure influences multilevel selection. Individual and emergent group social behavior both influence variation in components of individual fitness but impact male mating success and female reproductive success differently, setting up intersexual conflicts over patterns of social interactions at multiple levels. </p>
Рис.5. СоотношениеразΛичныхгнезΑовыхтиповопорв 2018–2019 гг. поаΑминистративным районам (Λевый график) и в цеΛом по Амурской обΛасти (правый график) Fig. 5. The ratio of different types of nesting supports in 2018–2019 by administrative districts (right graph) and in general in the Amur region (left graph) in Oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana Swinhoe) breeding population survey in the Amur region in 2018-2019
Рис.5. СоотношениеразΛичныхгнезΑовыхтиповопорв 2018–2019 гг. поаΑминистративным районам (Λевый график) и в цеΛом по Амурской обΛасти (правый график) Fig. 5. The ratio of different types of nesting supports in 2018–2019 by administrative districts (right graph) and in general in the Amur region (left graph)
Рис. 5. Коррелограммы покаЗателей обилиЯ наЗемных моллюсков раЗных воЗрастных групп (1 – ювенильные; 2 – вЗрослые; 3 – все вместе): A – H. lucorum, участок № 1, 2010 г.; B – Ch. tridens, участок № 2, 2011 г.; C – Ch. tridens, участок № 4, 2012 г.); D – Ch. tridens, участок № 5, 2012 г. (достоверные оценки индекса Морана отмечены Залитыми Значками). Fig. 5. Spatial correlogram of the land snail different age groups abundance (1 – juvenile; 2 – adult; 3 – total): A – H. lucorum, site 1, 2010; B – Ch. tridens, site 2, 2011; C – Ch. tridens, site 4, 2012; D – Ch. tridens, site 5, 2012 (Moran index confidence value presented by filled signs). in Analysis of the spatial distribution patterns of the land snail populations: a geostatistic method approach
Рис. 5. Коррелограммы покаЗателей обилиЯ наЗемных моллюсков раЗных воЗрастных групп (1 – ювенильные; 2 – вЗрослые; 3 – все вместе): A – H. lucorum, участок № 1, 2010 г.; B – Ch. tridens, участок № 2, 2011 г.; C – Ch. tridens, участок № 4, 2012 г.); D – Ch. tridens, участок № 5, 2012 г. (достоверные оценки индекса Морана отмечены Залитыми Значками). Fig. 5. Spatial correlogram of the land snail different age groups abundance (1 – juvenile; 2 – adult; 3 – total): A – H. lucorum, site 1, 2010; B – Ch. tridens, site 2, 2011; C – Ch. tridens, site 4, 2012; D – Ch. tridens, site 5, 2012 (Moran index confidence value presented by filled signs).
Рис. 2. КоΛичество жиΛых гнезΑ ΑаΛьневосточного аиста, учтенных в 2018–2019 гг. по аΑминистративным районам Амурской обΛасти Fig. 2. The number of inhabited Oriental stork nests recorded in 2018–2019 in different administrative districts of the Amur region in Oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana Swinhoe) breeding population survey in the Amur region in 2018-2019
Рис. 2. КоΛичество жиΛых гнезΑ ΑаΛьневосточного аиста, учтенных в 2018–2019 гг. по аΑминистративным районам Амурской обΛасти Fig. 2. The number of inhabited Oriental stork nests recorded in 2018–2019 in different administrative districts of the Amur region
Fig. 5 in Morphometric Differences Among Root Vole (Muridae: Microtus Oeconomus) Populations In Hungary
Fig. 5. Distribution of centroid sizes among the studied populations calculated from landmarks: a (top) = on the dorsal view of the cranium, b (bottom) = on the mandibule. Non-parametric median test
Fig. 2 in Morphometric Differences Among Root Vole (Muridae: Microtus Oeconomus) Populations In Hungary
Fig. 2. Collection localities of Microtus oeconomus méhelyi specimens used in the study. 1a = Csallóköz (Slovakia), 1b = Szigetköz, 2 = Fertő–Hanság area, 3 = Kis-Balaton, 4 = Dél-Balaton, 5 = Kiskunság)
Fig. 1 in Morphometric Differences Among Root Vole (Muridae: Microtus Oeconomus) Populations In Hungary
Fig. 1. Distribution of Microtus oeconomus in Europe (from MITCHELL-JONES et al. 1999) (A= main population, B= Dutch populations, C= Norwegian populations, D= Central European populations)
Fig. 7 in Morphometric Differences Among Root Vole (Muridae: Microtus Oeconomus) Populations In Hungary
Fig. 7. Minimum spanning tree showing morphometric similarity among populations calculated from pair-wise procrustes distances between consensus configuration of each populations. a = simi-
Fig. 6 in Morphometric Differences Among Root Vole (Muridae: Microtus Oeconomus) Populations In Hungary
Fig. 6. Scatterplots of the first two canonical variate scores calculated from landmarks: a (top) = on the dorsal view of the cranium, b (bottom) = on the mandible. Lines connect the closest laying centroids of each group. Deformation grids were generated using tpsRegr (ROHLF 2000) and show the
Fig. 7 in Differences Of The Bog And Dry Site Scots Pine Population Seedlings Germination And Early Growth
Fig. 7. Comparison of development stage when the terminal bud is formed between seedlings from bog site and dry site (mean development stage and standard error).
Fig. 5 in Differences Of The Bog And Dry Site Scots Pine Population Seedlings Germination And Early Growth
Fig. 5. Dry site seedlings early growth stages change during the first season till terminal bud formation.
Fig. 6 in Differences Of The Bog And Dry Site Scots Pine Population Seedlings Germination And Early Growth
Fig. 6. Bog site seedlings early growth stages change during the first season till terminal bud formation.
Fig. 1 in Wood Properties Of Nine Pinus Sylvestris Open-Pollinated Families Originating From Different Lithuanian Populations
Fig. 1. Field trials with open-pollinated progeny of Lithuanian Pinus sylvestris L. populations, established in 1983.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.