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53 results for “reforestation”
Figure 1 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 1. Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area in relation to the state of Paraná (A) and the counties of Diamante d'Oeste and Santa Helena (B). Green indicates remaining vegetation of over 50 ha.
Figure 3 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 3. Accumulation curve of aquatic species recorded on the margins of the Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena County.
Figure 4 in An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Figure 4. Individual of Busarellus nigricollis photographed at Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area, Santa Helena county. Photo: Vagner Cavarzere.
Spatial data for Chaplin-Kramer et al. "Spatial heterogeneity in forest carbon storage affects priorities for reforestation"
<p>Spatial data generated for the forest carbon edge effects analysis and optimization performed in Chaplin-Kramer et al. "Spatial heterogeneity in forest carbon storage affects priorities for reforestation". The files included are described below.</p><p>fc_stack_hansen_forest_cover2014_compressed_std_forest_edge_result.tif - Carbon (Mg/ha) predicted by the regression model for Hansen forest cover 2014 (this is the LULC map that produced the model with the best fit and was used in the model validation)</p><p>fig1_edge_effect_hansen_compressed_nr_md5_63366a.tif – Figure 1 in the manuscript</p><p>fig2_ipcc1_regression2_overlap3_md5_43e130.tif – Figure 2 in the manuscript</p><p>figS5_ipcc1_regression2_overlap3_avgov_md5_fe8b72.tif – Alternate styling of manuscript Fig. 2 (resampling with "average" instead of "near"), shown in Supplemental Fig. S5</p><p>ipcc_carbon_restoration_limited_md5_cd012d.tif - Carbon (Mg/ha) in restoration LULC calculated with the IPCC Tier 1 approach</p><p>ipcc_tier1_carbon_data.zip - Data needed to run the IPCC approach are contained within two files in the zip folder: the carbon table (carbon zones are rows and ESA LULC codes are columns) IPCC_carbon_table_md5_a91f7ade46871575861005764d85cfa7.csv; and the carbon zones map: carbon_zones_md5_aa16830f64d1ef66ebdf2552fb8a9c0d.gpkg</p><p>ipcc_carbon_esa_compressed_md5_5b4803.tif - Carbon (Mg/ha) in ESA 2014 LULC calculated with the IPCC Tier 1 approach (shown in Fig. S1)</p><p>PNV_jsmith_060420_md5_8dd464e0e23fefaaabe52e44aa296330.tif – Potential Natural Vegetation (PNV) created by Jeff Smith (unpublished) through a cross-walk of ESA to Dinerstein biomes</p><p>regression_carbon_esa_compressed_md5_c867a0.tif - Carbon (Mg/ha) in ESA 2014 LULC calculated with the regression approach (shown in Fig. S1)</p><p>regression_carbon_restoration_md5_1f5ca8.tif - Carbon (Mg/ha) in restoration LULC calculated with the regression approach</p><p>restoration_limited_md5_372bdfd9ffaf810b5f68ddeb4704f48f.tif – the LULC scenario of reforestation (based on PNV, but excluding agriculture and urban areas) </p>
Data and code for: A century of reforestation reduced anthropogenic warming in the eastern United States
<p>Restoring and preserving the world's forests are promising natural pathways to mitigate some aspects of climate change. In addition to regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, forests modify surface and near-surface air temperatures through biophysical processes. In the eastern United States (EUS), widespread reforestation during the 20th century coincided with an anomalous lack of warming, raising questions about reforestation's contribution to local cooling and climate mitigation. Using new cross-scale approaches and multiple independent sources of data, we uncovered links between reforestation and the response of both surface and air temperature in the EUS. Ground- and satellite-based observations showed that EUS forests cool the land surface by 1–2 °C annually compared to nearby grasslands and croplands, with the strongest cooling effect during midday in the growing season, when cooling is 2 to 5 °C. Young forests (20–40 years) have the strongest cooling effect on surface temperature. Surface cooling extends to the near-surface air, with forests reducing midday air temperature by up to 1 °C compared to nearby non-forests. Analyses of historical land cover and air temperature trends showed that the cooling benefits of reforestation extend across the landscape. Locations surrounded by reforestation were up to 1 °C cooler than neighboring locations that did not undergo land cover change, and areas dominated by regrowing forests were associated with cooling temperature trends in much of the EUS. Our work indicates reforestation contributed to the historically slow pace of warming in the EUS, underscoring reforestation's potential as a local climate adaptation strategy in temperate regions.</p>
Large-scale reforestation can increase water yield and reduce drought risk for water-insecure regions in the Asia-Pacific
<p>Large-scale reforestation can potentially bring both benefits and risks to the water cycle, which needs to be better quantified under future climates to inform reforestation decisions. We identified 477 water-insecure basins worldwide accounting for 44.6% (380.2 Mha) of the global reforestation potential. As many of these basins are in the Asia-Pacific, we used regional coupled land-climate modelling for the period 2041–2070 to reveal that reforestation increases evapotranspiration and precipitation for most water-insecure regions over the Asia-Pacific. This resulted in a statistically significant increase in water yield (p < 0.05) for the Loess Plateau-North China Plain, Yangtze Plain, Southeast China and Irrawaddy regions. Precipitation feedback was influenced by the degree of initial moisture limitation affecting soil moisture response and thus evapotranspiration, as well as precipitation advection from other reforested regions and moisture transport away from the local region. Reforestation also reduces the probability of extremely dry months in most of the water-insecure regions. However, some regions experience non-significant declines in net water yield due to heightened evapotranspiration outstripping increases in precipitation, or declines in soil moisture and advected precipitation.</p>
Wetland creation and reforestation of legacy surface mines in the Central Applachian Region (USA): A potential climate-adaptation approach for pond-breeding amphibians?
<p>Habitat restoration and creation within human-altered landscapes can buffer the impacts of climate change on wildlife. The Forestry Reclamation Approach (FRA) is a coal surface mine reclamation practice that enhances reforestation through soil decompaction and the planting of native trees. Recently, wetland creation has been coupled with FRA to increase habitat available for wildlife, including amphibians. Our objective was to evaluate the response of pond-breeding amphibians to the FRA by comparing species occupancy, richness, and abundance across two FRA age-classes (2–5-year and 8–1—year reclaimed forests), traditionally reclaimed sites that were left to naturally regenerate after mining, and in mature, unmined forests in the Monongahela National Forest (West Virginia, USA). We found that species richness and occupancy estimates did not differ across treatment types. Spotted Salamanders (<em>Ambystoma maculatum</em>) and Eastern Newts (<em>Notophthalmus viridescens</em>) had the greatest estimated abundances in wetlands in the older FRA treatment. Additionally, larger wetlands had greater abundances of Eastern Newts, Wood Frogs (<em>Lithobates sylvaticus</em>), and Green Frogs (<em>L. clamitans</em>) compared to smaller wetlands. Our results suggest that wetland creation and reforestation increases the number of breeding sites and promotes microhabitat and microclimate conditions that likely maximize the resilience of pond-breeding amphibians to anticipated climate changes in the study area.</p>
Reforested areas of the Castel di Guido estate (Italy): field plots dataset
<p>This dataset contains the measurements (diameter at breast height and notes) carried out in the Castel di Guido estate (Italy) during 1997, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2011, 2013, 2017 in 29 plot areas.</p>
Agroforestry-based community forestry as a large-scale strategy to reforest agricultural encroachment areas in Myanmar: ambition vs. local reality
<p>Abstract: <br> Context: <br> The high rate of deforestation in Myanmar is mainly due to agricultural expansion. One task of the Forest Department is to increase tree cover in the encroaching farmland by establishing large-scale agroforestry-based community forests (ACFs).<br> Aim: <br> The objectives of this study were to analyze the adoption and performance of the ACFs in the agricultural encroachment areas in the Bago-Yoma region, Myanmar; and to provide recommendations to enhance the adoption of ACFs by farmers.<br> Methods: <br> We inventoried 42 sample plots and surveyed 291 farmers. Survey responses were analyzed by binary logistic regression, one-way ANOVA, and non-parametric correlation tests to evaluate factors influencing the adoption of ACFs. Stand characteristics were calculated from the inventory data to evaluate the performance of ACFs.<br> Results: <br> Our results show that farmer participation in ACFs was lower than stated in the registry of the Forest Department. Farmers practiced four different agroforestry designs in ACFs with different outcomes. The Forest Department strongly determined tree species and planting designs, farmers’ perception and participation in ACFs. Farmland size, unclear and insufficient information on ACFs, and a negative perception of raising trees in crop fields were the major factors limiting the adoption rates of ACFs. <br> Conclusion: <br> We recommend capacity building for farmers and Forest Department staff and raising awareness about the benefits of planting designs and trees on farmland. A stronger consideration of farmers’ preferences for design and species selection could increase their motivation to adopt ACFs and improve the long-term sustainability of ACFs.</p> <p> </p>
Dataset: Recruitment responses of shade-tolerant and heliophilous trees in human-degraded areas: the necessity of knowing the recruitment autecology of species for making reforestation decisions
<p>This repository contains the files associated with the following article:</p> <p>Johanna Croce, Ernesto I. Badano, Andrés Tálamo. Recruitment responses of shade-tolerant and heliophilous trees in human-degraded areas: the necessity of knowing the recruitment autecology of species for making reforestation decisions Submitted to <em>Land Degradation & Development</em>.</p> <p>The first Microsoft Excel file (Dataset 01 - Microclimate.xlsx) contains two sheets with the microclimatic data (average, maximum and minimum soil temperatures, and volumetric soil water content) measured in Cerro Chachapoyas and Cerro Fachacano. These measurements were performed on three plots of each trearment, including shrub-protected treatment with high shade, shrub-protected treatment with medium shade, sunny treatment with high herbaceous cover, sunny treatment with medium herbaceous cover and controls. The second Microsoft Excel file (Dataset 02 -Plant responses.xlsx Dataset 02 - Plant responses.xlsx) contains three sheets with the data used to estimate the seedling emergence rates, plant survival rates and net aboveground growth rates of the tree species, including <em>Anadenanthera colubrina</em> and <em>Ceiba chodatii</em> in Cerro Chachapoyas, and <em>Jacaranda mimosifolia</em> in Cerro Fachacano.</p>
Large-scale reforestation can increase water yield and reduce drought risk for water-insecure regions in the Asia-Pacific
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Wetland creation and reforestation of legacy surface mines in the Central Applachian Region (USA): A potential climate-adaptation approach for pond-breeding amphibians?
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Data and code for: A century of reforestation reduced anthropogenic warming in the eastern United States
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Why we fail: stakeholders' perceptions of the social and ecological barriers to reforestation in southern Malawi
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Data from: The role of topography and plant functional traits in determining tropical reforestation success
1.Early establishment and sapling growth is a key phase in ensuring cost-effective reforestation success in relation to biodiversity outcomes. Therefore species selection must consider the interaction between plant functional traits and the often-challenging and heterogeneous biophysical environment of degraded landscapes. 2.In this study, we examine how microtopography (slope) results in spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrients, especially phosphorus (P) in a degraded tropical pasture landscape in Queensland, Australia. We then explore how this small-scale heterogeneity influences the growth of two native tree species, Cardwellia (C.) sublimis (Proteaceae) and Flindersia (F.) brayleyana (Rutaceae), which differ in key nutrient-acquisition strategies. 3.The proteaceous C. sublimis was found to be buffered from possible P limitation in degraded soils due to its effective P acquisition by cluster roots. In contrast to C. sublimis, which showed no difference in growth after 5 years across a range of soil conditions, F. brayleyana was found to be highly responsive to soil conditions with increased growth in low-slope, higher P availability areas. The ability of F. brayleyana to take advantage of high soil P levels, including the development of leaves with higher P concentrations, resulted in an apparent switch in competitive fitness between these two species across a landscape gradient. 4.Synthesis and applications. In a detailed study of a landscape reforestation experiment in North Queensland, Australia, we demonstrate that site edaphic factors can vary within tens of meters due to topographic relief, and that species respond differently to these conditions. We therefore show the need to consider both the spatial heterogeneity of edaphic factors and the belowground functional traits of potential reforestation species when planning reforestation programs.
Data from: Density-dependent effects of a widespread invasive herbivore on tree survival and biomass during reforestation
Reforestation has been widely adopted as a solution to multiple global change issues. However, the role of herbivory by invasive species in the restoration of grassland to forest has received little attention. We conducted a field experiment to investigate the impacts of a widespread invasive mammalian herbivore, the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), on trees planted in a landscape-scale reforestation program in south-eastern Australia. Three native tree species were planted inside and outside rabbit-proof exclosures within 10 experimental units, and a random half of the units were subjected to intensive and sustained rabbit control for the remainder of the experiment. Quarterly survival of trees, and total aboveground biomass at the conclusion of the experiment, were estimated using hierarchical Bayesian models. Control substantially reduced rabbit densities on the five treatment units relative to the five non-treatment units. Survival of trees planted outside exclosures was highest at lowest rabbit density and declined non-linearly with increasing rabbit density for all three tree species, but even very low rabbit densities had strong negative effects on the survival of trees outside exclosures. There was a three-way interaction between tree height, being outside an exclosure, and rabbit density. Smaller trees planted outside exclosures always had substantially lower overall survival than trees of the same height planted inside exclosures, and the magnitude of the difference increased with increasing rabbit density. Increasing rabbit densities reduced the overall survival of increasingly taller trees of all three species planted outside exclosures. The aboveground biomass of trees surviving outside exclosures was significantly greater in treatment units compared with non-treatment units for all three species. The combined effects of differential survival and accumulation of aboveground biomass led to higher biomasses inside exclosures relative to outside exclosures just 21 months after planting. The aboveground biomass of trees planted outside exclosures declined with increasing rabbit density, and was effectively zero when rabbit densities exceeded 100 active warren entrances/ha. These results demonstrate that invasive herbivores can rapidly arrest the conversion of grassland to forest. Invasive herbivores such as the European rabbit may need to be completely excluded in order to maximize the benefits of reforestation.
Data from: Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world's largest reforestation programme
Reforestation is a critical means of addressing the environmental and social problems of deforestation. China's Grain-for-Green Program (GFGP) is the world's largest reforestation scheme. Here we provide the first nationwide assessment of the tree composition of GFGP forests and the first combined ecological and economic study aimed at understanding GFGP's biodiversity implications. Across China, GFGP forests are overwhelmingly monocultures or compositionally simple mixed forests. Focusing on birds and bees in Sichuan Province, we find that GFGP reforestation results in modest gains (via mixed forest) and losses (via monocultures) of bird diversity, along with major losses of bee diversity. Moreover, all current modes of GFGP reforestation fall short of restoring biodiversity to levels approximating native forests. However, even within existing modes of reforestation, GFGP can achieve greater biodiversity gains by promoting mixed forests over monocultures; doing so is unlikely to entail major opportunity costs or pose unforeseen economic risks to households.
Supporting Data for "Innovative reforestation mosaics on marginal land in the globally important Mata Atlântica biome can create climate and economic co-benefits"
<p>This data is related to the article "Innovative reforestation mosaics on marginal land in the globally important Mata Atlântica biome can create climate and economic co-benefits."</p>
Global Reforestation Potential Map
<p>Global map of reforestation potential in press PNAS</p>
Data from: Opportunities for biodiversity gains under the world’s largest reforestation programme
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.