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82 results for “selection processes”
Data from: Microhabitat selection in the common lizard: implications of biotic interactions, age, sex, local processes, and model transferability among populations
Modeling species' habitat requirements are crucial to assess impacts of global change, for conservation efforts and to test mechanisms driving species presence. While the influence of abiotic factors has been widely examined, the importance of biotic factors and biotic interactions, and the potential implications of local processes are not well understood. Testing their importance requires additional knowledge and analyses at local habitat scale. Here, we recorded the locations of species presence at the microhabitat scale and measured abiotic and biotic parameters in three different common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) populations using a standardized sampling protocol. Thereafter, space use models and cross-evaluations among populations were run to infer local processes and estimate the importance of biotic parameters, biotic interactions, sex, and age. Biotic parameters explained more variation than abiotic parameters, and intraspecific interactions significantly predicted the spatial distribution. Significant differences among populations in the relationship between abiotic parameters and lizard distribution, and the greater model transferability within populations than between populations are in line with effects predicted by local adaptation and/or phenotypic plasticity. These results underline the importance of including biotic parameters and biotic interactions in space use models at the population level. There were significant differences in space use between sexes, and between adults and yearlings, the latter showing no association with the measured parameters. Consequently, predictive habitat models at the population level taking into account different sexes and age classes are required to understand a specie's ecological requirements and to allow for precise conservation strategies. Our study therefore stresses that future predictive habitat models at the population level and their transferability should take these parameters into account.
Data from: Early diving behaviour in juvenile penguins: improvement or selection processes
The early life stage of long-lived species is critical to the viability of population, but is poorly understood. Longitudinal studies are needed to test whether juveniles are less efficient foragers than adults as has been hypothesized. We measured changes in the diving behaviour of 17 one-year-old king penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus at Crozet Islands (subantartic archipelago) during their first months at sea, using miniaturized tags that transmitted diving activity in real time. We also equipped five non-breeder adults with the same tags for comparison. The data on foraging performance revealed two groups of juveniles. The first group made shallower and shorter dives that may be indicative of early mortality while the second group progressively increased their diving depths and durations, and survived the first months at sea. This surviving group of juveniles required the same recovery durations as adults, but typically performed shallower and shorter dives. There is thereby a relationship between improved diving behaviour and survival in young penguins. This long period of improving diving performance in the juvenile life stage is potentially a critical period for the survival of deep avian divers and may have implications for their ability to adapt to environmental change.
Red Queen processes drive positive selection on Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes
<p>The dataset for the manuscript "Red Queen processes drive positive selection on Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes" submitted to PLOS Computational Biology. The dataset is packed in ZIP archive 'MHC_PosSel_dataset.zip' and contain the results of the simulation model.</p>
Leaf processing behavior in Atta leafcutter ants: 90% of leaf cutting takes place inside the nest, and ants select pieces that require less cutting
<p>Leafcutter ants cut trimmings from plants, carry them to their underground nests, and cut them into smaller pieces before inoculating them with a fungus that serves as a primary food source for the colony. Cutting is energetically costly, so the amount of cutting is important in understanding foraging energetics. Estimates of the cutting density, meters of cutting per square meter of leaf, were made from samples of transported leaf cuttings and of fungal substrate from field colonies of <em>Atta cephalotes</em> and <em>Atta colombica</em>. To investigate cutting inside the nest, we made leaf-processing observations of our laboratory colony, <em>A. cephalotes</em>. We did not observe the commonly reported reduction of the leaf fragments into a pulp, which would greatly increase the energy cost of processing. Video clips of processing behaviors, including behaviors that have not previously been described, are linked. An estimated 2.9 (+0.3) kilometers of cutting with mandibles was required to reduce a square meter of leaf to fungal substrate. Only about 12% (+ 1%) of this cutting took place outside of the nest. The cutting density and energy cost is lower for leaf material with higher ratios of perimeter to area, so we tested for, and found that the laboratory ants had a preference for leaves that were pre-cut into smaller pieces. Estimates suggest that the energy required to transport and cut up the leaf material is comparable to the metabolic energy available from the fungus grown on the leaves, and so conservation of energy is likely a particularly strong selective pressure for leafcutter ants.</p>
Selected and Post-Processed Outputs of LFM-TIEGCM-RCM Simulation of 2013 March 17 Event
This dataset is associated with the publication "SAPS in the 2013 March 17 Storm Event: Initial Results from the Coupled Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model". In particular, the NCAR Community Model: Coupled Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere (CMIT) with Ring Current extension, which is also known as the LFM-TIEGCM-RCM (LTR) model, has been used to investigate the subauroral polarization streams during the 2013 March 17 storm event. The LTR model was driven by realistic solar wind conditions for 2013 March 17. Model outputs of ionospheric electron precipitation energy flux, ion zonal drifts, field-aligned currents, electrostatic potential, conductances, total electron content, as well as diagnostic variables of key features of SAPS were analyzed and used in producing a paper: 'SAPS in the 2013 March 17 Storm Event: Initial Results from the Coupled Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model'.
Protocol selection process - Literature Review creating the Integrated List of Agile Practices
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Protocol selection process - Systematic Literature Review Related Work
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Selected processed 5G base station RF-EMF measurement data
<p>This presents the selected processed 5G base station (BS) radio frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) measurement data acquired under measurement campaign in outdoor environment. This data links to the findings shown in Section 5 of D1 report at http://empir.npl.co.uk/5grfex/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2022/01/updated-EMPIR-18SIP02-5GRFEX-Deliverable-Report-D1.pdf. </p> <p>This work was supported by the EU project 5GRFEX entitled – ‘Metrology for RF exposure from Massive MIMO 5G base station: Impact on 5G network deployment’ (this project has received funding from the support for impact (SIP) programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme), under European Association of National Metrology Institutes (EURAMET) Reference 18SIP02.</p>
Social life cycle sustainability assessment of dried tomato products based on material and process selection through multi-criteria decision making
<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> <p>Tomatoes are a significant product of the Mediterranean region and a crucial component of the Mediterranean diet. The formulation of dried tomato products enriched with proteins and bioactive compounds could be a strategic approach to promote adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Six different novel tomato products were analyzed using different protein enrichment sources (pea proteins and leaf proteins) and drying technologies (hot-air dryer, microwave vacuum dryer, and conventional dryer). The novelty of this approach lies in combining product-specific criteria with global societal factors across their life cycles. Using 21 criteria and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) survey of experts, the social sustainability score for each product was determined through a multi-criteria assessment.</p> <h3>RESULTS</h3> <p>The tomato product's life cycles have minimal regional impacts on unemployment, access to drinking water, sanitation, or excessive working hours. However, they affect discrimination, migrant labor, children's education, and access to hospital beds significantly. The study identified nutritional quality as the top criterion, with the most sustainable design being a tomato bar enriched with pea protein and processed using microwave vacuum drying.</p> <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> <p>The study revealed that integrating sensory and nutrient compounds into social sustainability assessments improves food sustainability and provides a practical roadmap for social life cycle assessments of food products. It emphasized the importance of considering global social issues when reformulating Mediterranean products to ensure long-term adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Incorporating social factors into sustainability scores can also enhance the effectiveness of product information for conscious customers. © 2024 The Author(s). <em>Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture</em> published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>
Polarisation-independent ultrafast laser selective etching processing in fused silica
<p>Data files for the manuscript: Polarisation-independent ultrafast laser selective etching processing in fused silica</p>
K-ORCA: Testing a Decision Support Tool and Group Process for Selecting Interventions
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06375551. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Fungal infection alters the selection, dispersal, and drift processes structuring the amphibian skin microbiome
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Through the taste buds of a large herbivore: foodscape modeling contributes to an understanding of forage selection processes
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Data from: Neutral and selective processes shape MHC gene diversity and expression in stocked brook charr populations (Salvelinus fontinalis)
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Data from: Model selection in historical biogeography reveals that founder-event speciation is a crucial process in island clades
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Data from: Microhabitat selection in the common lizard: implications of biotic interactions, age, sex, local processes, and model transferability among populations
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Data from: Early diving behaviour in juvenile penguins: improvement or selection processes
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Confronting assumptions about prey selection by lunge-feeding whales using a process-based model
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Data from: Historical introgression and the role of selective vs. neutral processes in structuring nuclear genetic variation (AFLP) in a circumpolar marine fish, the capelin (Mallotus villosus)
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Genomic processes underlying rapid adaptation of a natural Chironomus riparius population to unintendedly applied experimental selection pressures
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.