Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-zeroSep 2020View details →

Data from: Finding clarity in ecological outcomes using empirical integrated social-ecological systems: a case study of agriculture-dependent grassland birds

1. Efforts to monitor and conserve populations and ecosystems in human-dominated landscapes can benefit from an empirical social-ecological systems approach. 2. Here we illustrate how latent variable structural equation modelling of regional time series data can effectively describe interconnected drivers of population fluctuations in dynamic landscapes and can help to reveal previously unknown system drivers. 3. Using a declining farmland-dependent bird species (Ammodramus savannarum) in the eastern United States (1994-2015) as a case study, our analysis reveals how farm management decisions drive population fluctuations (R2 = 20%), while management is in turn highly influenced by climate (R2 = 23-51%), but not by regional conservation spending. 4. Synthesis and applications. Structural equation modelling revealed potential social-ecological pathways for halting regional population declines in a grassland bird, the Grasshopper Sparrow. Lower population growth rates followed years of higher hay yields (~4 percentage points per metric ton increase in hay yield) and later harvests (~2 percentage points per 10-day delay in harvest). Thus, one pathway for stabilising regional populations could involve compensating farmers for reducing hay harvests, potentially requiring a six-fold increase in current annual agri-environmental conservation spending.

opencc-zeroMay 2019View details →

Data from: Male social plasticity influences transient dynamics of alternative mating systems in water striders

Animal mating systems are often studied with the goal of understanding why species, populations, or groups vary from one another in the system they display. Although these differences are often treated as basically stable, it is also known that these systems may shift over time (e.g. from one breeding season to the next). There has been some study of how ecological factors correlate with these changes; however, few, if any, studies have investigated how the phenotypic composition of a group governs the timing and probability of system transitions. Groups of stream water striders (Aquarius remegis) can demonstrate quick and flexible transitions in mating system dynamics, with many groups eventually transitioning to a system in which a single, large male monopolizes mating opportunities. We asked if variation in individual- and group-level traits associated with morphology and behavior (e.g. size of the largest individual, variance in activity behavioral types, and average social plasticity) could partially explain the variability in how rapidly groups make this transition, if they make it all. Our results show that the average social plasticity of males in a group has important effects on the emergence timing of mating systems dominated by a single male.

opencc-zeroDec 2009View details →

Data from: Strict monandry in the ponerine army ant genus Simopelta suggests that colony size and complexity drive mating system evolution in social insects

Altruism in social insects has evolved between closely related full-siblings. It is therefore of considerable interest why some groups have secondarily evolved low within-colony relatedness, which in turn affects the relatedness incentives of within-colony cooperation and conflict. The highest queen mating frequencies, and therefore among the lowest degrees of colony relatedness, occur in Apis honeybees and army ants of the subfamilies Aenictinae, Ecitoninae, and Dorylinae, suggesting that common life-history features such as reproduction by colony fission and male biased numerical sex-ratios have convergently shaped these mating systems. Here we show that ponerine army ants of the genus Simopelta, which are distantly related but similar in general biology to other army ants, have strictly monandrous queens. Preliminary data suggest that workers reproduce in queenright colonies, which is in sharp contrast to other army ants. We hypothesize that differences in mature colony size and social complexity may explain these striking discrepancies.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: High fidelity: extra-pair fertilisations in eight Charadrius plover species are not associated with parental relatedness or social mating system

Extra-pair paternity is a common reproductive strategy in many bird species. However, it remains unclear why extra-pair paternity occurs and why it varies among species and populations. Plovers (Charadrius spp.) exhibit considerable variation in reproductive behaviour and ecology, making them excellent models to investigate the evolution of social and genetic mating systems. We investigated inter- and intra-specific patterns of extra-pair parentage and evaluated three major hypotheses explaining extra-pair paternity using a comparative approach based on the microsatellite genotypes of 2,049 individuals from 510 plover families sampled from twelve populations that constituted eight species. Extra-pair paternity rates were very low (0 to 4.1% of chicks per population). No evidence was found in support of the sexual conflict or genetic compatibility hypotheses, and there was no seasonal pattern of extra-pair paternity (EPP). The low prevalence of EPP is consistent with a number of alternative hypotheses, including the parental investment hypothesis, which suggests that high contribution to care by males restricts female plovers from engaging in extra-pair copulations. Further studies are needed to critically test the importance of this hypothesis to plover mate choice.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Variation in parent-offspring kinship in socially monogamous systems with extra-pair reproduction and inbreeding

Female extra-pair reproduction in socially monogamous systems is predicted to cause cuckolded socially-paired males to conditionally reduce paternal care, causing selection against extra-pair reproduction and underlying polyandry. However, existing models and empirical studies have not explicitly considered that cuckolded males might be related to their socially-paired female and/or to her extra-pair mate, and therefore be related to extra-pair offspring that they did not sire but could rear. Selection against paternal care, and hence against extra-pair reproduction, might then be weakened. We derive metrics that quantify allele-sharing between within-pair and extra-pair offspring and their mother and her socially-paired male in terms of coefficients of kinship and inbreeding. We use song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) paternity and pedigree data to quantify these metrics, and thereby quantify the joint effects of extra-pair reproduction and inbreeding on a brood's total allelic value to its socially-paired parents. Cuckolded male song sparrows were almost always detectably related to extra-pair offspring they reared. Consequently, although brood allelic value decreased substantially following female extra-pair reproduction, this decrease was reduced by within-pair and extra-pair reproduction among relatives. Such complex variation in kinship within nuclear families should be incorporated into models considering co-evolutionary dynamics of extra-pair reproduction, parental care and inbreeding.

opencc-zeroDec 2012View details →

Data from: Fitness consequences of outcrossing in a social spider with an inbreeding mating system

Inbreeding mating systems are uncommon because of inbreeding depression. Mating among close relatives can evolve, however, when outcrossing is constrained. Social spiders show obligatory mating among siblings. In combination with a female-biased sex ratio, sib-mating results in small effective populations. In such a system high genetic homozygosity is expected, and drift may cause population divergence. We tested the effect of outcrossing in the social spider Stegodyphus dumicola. Females were mated to sib-males, to a non-nestmate within the population, or to a male from a distant population, and fitness traits of F1s were compared. We found reduced hatching success of broods from between-population crosses, suggesting the presence of population divergence at a large geographical scale that may result in population incompatibility. However, a lack of a difference in offspring performance between inbred and outbred crosses indicates little genetic variation between populations, and could suggest recent colonisation by a common ancestor. This is consistent with population dynamics of frequent colonisations by single sib-mated females of common origin, and extinctions of populations after few generations. While drift or single mutations can lead to population divergence at a relatively short time scale, it is possible that dynamic population processes homogenize these effects at longer time scales.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Data set for analyzing scaling and criticality in large-scale social systems regulated by global factors

<ul><li>Research information:<ul><li>Title: Scaling and criticality in large-scale social systems regulated by global factors</li><li>Abstract: How do individuals in large-scale social systems behave in response to global factors and what kinds of macroscopic dynamics will emerge as consequences? Here we conduct a naturalistic observation of the daily consumer behaviours of 190,000 individuals from January 2018 to December 2022, extracting the long-term consumption dynamics of about 6000 types of commodities from approximately 2.2 million purchase orders. The consumption dynamics is subdivided into trend, seasonal, and random components, whose dynamic processes across scales are analyzed by a renormalization group. we discover that the coronavirus pandemic, an exogenetic factor acting on the social system, regulates the scaling and criticality of consumption dynamics. On a large time scale, the long-term dynamics of the system, regardless of arising from trend, seasonal, or random individual behaviours, is pushed towards a boundary between independent and correlated phases as the pandemic erupts. On a smaller time scale, short-term consumption dynamics exhibits more diversities in response to the pandemic. While the trend and random behaviours of individuals are driven to quasi-criticality and exhibit scale-invariance as the pandemic breaks out, seasonal behaviours are more robust against regulations. Overall, our study provides insights into the regulation mechanisms of global factors on the dynamics of large-scale and heterogeneous social systems.</li></ul></li><li>Data set description:<ul><li>RawData: A csv file for approximately 2.2 million times purchase orders made by around 190,000 individuals before, during, and after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). </li><li>ConsumptionDynamics: A csv file that describes the daily evolution of the consumption frequencies for approximately 6,000 types of commodities. Each row denotes an extracted time series that measures the number of times a commodity is purchased each day. Each column denotes a single day.</li><li>Note that the names of commodities in current data set are writen in Chinese. </li></ul></li></ul>

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Social Media Marketing for SMEs: Leveraging Information Systems for Sales Performance

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) may directly interact with more clientele using social media marketing (SMM). To ensure accurate data and effective monitoring of progress, the field of SMM requires implementing a robust information system. This study examines the impact of information systems on consumer engagement in social media marketing for SMEs. This approach assesses the adoption of social media marketing using a single variable. This study employed purposive sampling to identify 129 SMEs for cross-sectional preliminary research. The preliminary research will take place around Jabodetabek in May and June of 2024, utilizing a Google Form survey. The author analyzed the data obtained from PLS-SEM using Smart PLS 3.0. This preliminary research computed Partial Least Squares (PLS) scores and performed bootstrapping. From a statistical standpoint, social media enhances the marketing effectiveness of SMEs in Indonesia. The market's efficiency and performance demonstrate the gain. This preliminary research consists of nine variables, such as, competitor pressure, affordable marketing cost, user generated content, belief in information, customer relationship, social media marketing adoption, SMEs’ marketing engagement, and sales performance, with only one hypothesis exhibiting a non-significant relationship. Keywords—social media marketing, SMEs, information systems, marketing engagement

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →

Neural Arbitration between Social and Individual Learning Systems

Decision making requires integrating self-gathered information with advice from others. However, the arbitration process by which one source of information is selected over the other has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we formalised arbitration as the relative precision of predictions, afforded by each learning system, using hierarchical Bayesian modelling. In a probabilistic learning task, participants predicted the outcome of a lottery using recommendations from a more informed advisor and/or self-sampled outcomes. Decision confidence, as measured by the number of points participants wagered on their predictions, varied with our relative precision definition of arbitration. Functional neuroimaging demonstrated arbitration signals that were independent of decision confidence and involved modality-specific brain regions. Arbitrating in favour of self-gathered information activated the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the midbrain, whereas arbitrating in favour of social information engaged the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. These findings indicate that relative precision captures arbitration between social and individual learning systems at both behavioural and neural levels.

opennotspecifiedNov 2017View details →

Distribution. Now restricted to the Channel Country of SW Queensland and the Lake Eyre Basin in NE South Australia. Descriptive notes. Head-body 95-120 mm, tail 105-160 mm, ear 23-29 mm, hindfoot 32-37 mm; weight 30-50 g. The Fawn Hopping Mouse has body form typical of hopping mice, with very long hindfeet, long tail with distal brush of longer hairs, very long ears, and large protruberant eyes. Dorsal fur is of variable color, from pale pinkish fawn to gray; ventral fur white. Unlike most other hopping mice, it has no throat pouch, but males have a glandular area of naked skin on the chest. Habitat. Occurs in low shrublands and tussock grasslands on stony ("gibber") plains and claypans. Shows marked habitat segregation from the Dusky Hopping Mouse (N. fuscus), which is closely associated with sandy substrates. Food and Feeding. The Fawn Hopping Mouse is mostly granivorous, but also eats other plant material (stems, leaves) and occasionally invertebrates. It uses succulent, salt-adapted plants around edges of claypans as a source of water. Breeding. Reproduction is probably largely opportunistic and aseasonal, with high reproductive output from near-continuous breeding after periods of high rainfall; reported littersize is 1-5, most commonly three; gestation period 38-43 days for nonlactating females. Females may mature later than other hopping mice, with reproductive maturity reached at about six months. Activity patterns. Terrestrial and nocturnal. Fawn Hopping Mice shelter during day in burrow systems that are typically simpler and shallower than those of other hopping mice. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Fawn Hopping Mice generally live singly or in small groups; typically uncommon within range, but population density may increase by an order of magnitude following periods of high rainfall. Status and Conservation. Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Fawn Hopping Mouse has shown marked decline in range (estimated at greater than 50%), and presumably population size, since European settlement of Australia. This is mostlikely due to predation by the introduced house cat and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes), and to habitat degradation associated with pastoralism. Bibliography. Brazenor (1934), Burbidge et al. (2008), Finlayson (1939), Gould (1853), Jackson & Groves (2015), Murray et al. (1999), Ogilby (1892), Thomas (1921h), Van Dyck & Strahan (2008), Waite (1898), Watts & Aslin (1981), Woinarski et al. (2014), Wood Jones (1925). in Muridae

Distribution. Now restricted to the Channel Country of SW Queensland and the Lake Eyre Basin in NE South Australia. Descriptive notes. Head-body 95-120 mm, tail 105-160 mm, ear 23-29 mm, hindfoot 32-37 mm; weight 30-50 g. The Fawn Hopping Mouse has body form typical of hopping mice, with very long hindfeet, long tail with distal brush of longer hairs, very long ears, and large protruberant eyes. Dorsal fur is of variable color, from pale pinkish fawn to gray; ventral fur white. Unlike most other hopping mice, it has no throat pouch, but males have a glandular area of naked skin on the chest. Habitat. Occurs in low shrublands and tussock grasslands on stony ("gibber") plains and claypans. Shows marked habitat segregation from the Dusky Hopping Mouse (N. fuscus), which is closely associated with sandy substrates. Food and Feeding. The Fawn Hopping Mouse is mostly granivorous, but also eats other plant material (stems, leaves) and occasionally invertebrates. It uses succulent, salt-adapted plants around edges of claypans as a source of water. Breeding. Reproduction is probably largely opportunistic and aseasonal, with high reproductive output from near-continuous breeding after periods of high rainfall; reported littersize is 1-5, most commonly three; gestation period 38-43 days for nonlactating females. Females may mature later than other hopping mice, with reproductive maturity reached at about six months. Activity patterns. Terrestrial and nocturnal. Fawn Hopping Mice shelter during day in burrow systems that are typically simpler and shallower than those of other hopping mice. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Fawn Hopping Mice generally live singly or in small groups; typically uncommon within range, but population density may increase by an order of magnitude following periods of high rainfall. Status and Conservation. Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Fawn Hopping Mouse has shown marked decline in range (estimated at greater than 50%), and presumably population size, since European settlement of Australia. This is mostlikely due to predation by the introduced house cat and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes), and to habitat degradation associated with pastoralism. Bibliography. Brazenor (1934), Burbidge et al. (2008), Finlayson (1939), Gould (1853), Jackson & Groves (2015), Murray et al. (1999), Ogilby (1892), Thomas (1921h), Van Dyck & Strahan (2008), Waite (1898), Watts & Aslin (1981), Woinarski et al. (2014), Wood Jones (1925).

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2021View details →

Ecological and social outcomes of urbanization on regional farming systems: a global synthesis

This dataset contains the data extracted for a systematic review on ecological and social outcomes of urbanization in regional farming systems. It is based on 107 papers that were selected after scooping and screeing done in February 2019.

Does Serotonin System Stimulation Increase Pro-social Behavior? - A Comparative Pharmacological Neuroscientific Study in Healthy Humans

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06081179. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

Psycho-social Consequences of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03913754. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Optimizing the Social Engagement System in Prader-Willi Syndrome: Insights From the Polyvagal Theory

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03101826. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.

Systemic Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorders

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02360033. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

A Person-Centered Geotagged Social Networking System to Promote Physical Activity in the Community

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05216393. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.