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opencc-zeroJun 2019View details →

Data from: Local adaptation for enhanced salt tolerance reduces non-adaptive plasticity caused by osmotic stress

Organisms often respond to environmental change via phenotypic plasticity, where an individual modulates its phenotype according to the environment. Highly variable or changing environments can exceed physiological limits and generate maladapted plastic phenotypes, which is termed non-adaptive plasticity. In some cases, selection may reduce the negative or disruptive impacts of environmental stress and produce locally adapted populations. Salt is an increasingly prevalent contaminant of freshwater systems and can induce non-adaptive plastic phenotypes for freshwater organisms like amphibians. Hyla cinerea is a frog species with populations inhabiting brackish, coastal habitats, so we use this species to test whether coastal populations are locally adapted to tolerate saltwater by determining how salt exposure during the embryonic and larval stages alters mortality and plastic developmental and metamorphic phenotypes of coastal and inland populations. Coastal frogs have higher survival, faster growth rates, and metamorphose sooner than inland frogs across salinities. Coastal frogs also metamorphose smaller (likely a consequence of earlier metamorphosis) yet maintain constant size, while higher salinities reduce metamorphic size for inland frogs. Coastal frogs evolved to minimize non-adaptive and disruptive impacts of saltwater during larval development and accelerate the larval period to reduce time spent in a stressful environment.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Beta diversity response to stress severity and heterogeneity in sensitive versus tolerant stream diatoms

Aim: Severity and heterogeneity of stress are major constraints of beta diversity, but their relative influence is poorly understood. Here, we addressed this question by examining the patterns of beta diversity in stress-sensitive versus stress-tolerant stream diatoms and their response to local versus regional factors along gradients of stress severity and heterogeneity. Location: The Adirondack region of New York. Methods: Beta diversity was measured as multivariate dispersion of communities across high stress, low stress, and high + low stress (heterogeneous) environments, encompassing 200 stream samples. Null models were implemented to assess community similarity relative to randomly assembled communities and the importance of local assembly processes vs. the regional species pool. Results: The overall beta diversity was influenced by a combination of severity and heterogeneity of stress, while beta diversity of sensitive species increased with heterogeneity. Beta diversity of tolerant species did not vary with either severity or heterogeneity of stress. Heterogeneity decreased community similarity relative to the null expectation in all groups of species. Stress reduced the importance of local assembly mechanisms for the overall beta diversity and sensitive species beta diversity. In contrast, the importance of local assembly mechanisms increased with stress regarding beta diversity of tolerant species. Main Conclusions: Beta diversity responded to both severity and heterogeneity of stress, but turnover along these gradients was mostly driven by sensitive species. The overall beta diversity and beta diversity of sensitive species became more constrained by the depauperate regional species pool, as opposed to local assembly mechanisms. While heterogeneous stress contributed to beta diversity, severe stress suppressed beta diversity through elimination of sensitive species. Therefore, an increase in beta diversity in an environmentally-stressed region may serve as a forewarning for future loss of sensitive species, should the stress continue to intensify.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Data - Krieg et al. Greater ecophysiological stress tolerance in the core environment than in extreme environments of wild chickpea (Cicer reticulatum)

Data used in analyses and code to produce figures.

opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

Beyond a single temperature threshold: applying a cumulative thermal stress framework to plant heat tolerance

Most plant thermal tolerance studies focus on single critical thresholds, which limit the capacity to generalise across studies and predict heat stress under natural conditions. In animals and microbes, thermal tolerance landscapes describe the more realistic, cumulative effects of temperature. We tested this in plants by measuring the decline in leaf photosynthetic efficiency (FV/FM) following a combination of temperatures and exposure times, then modelled these physiological indices alongside recorded environmental temperatures. We demonstrate that a general relationship between stressful temperatures and exposure durations can be effectively employed to quantify and compare heat tolerance within and across plant species and over time. Importantly, we show how FV/FM curves translate to plants under natural conditions, suggesting that environmental temperatures often impair photosynthetic function. Our findings provide more robust descriptors of heat tolerance in plants and suggest that heat tolerance in disparate groups of organisms can be studied with a single predictive framework.

Supplementary Table S5 - Article: Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Insights into Salinity Stress Response in two Egyptian Rice Varieties with Different Tolerance Levels

Table S5. Repository data showing genes identified by MapMan in Giza 178 in different pathways.  A, Cell wall modifications. B, Hemicellulose synthesis. C, Cellulose synthesis. D, Mannan-xylose-arabinose-fucose.  E, cell wall peroxidase. F, TF MYB.  G, bZIP.   H, Histone.

Supplementary Table S4 - Article: Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Insights into Salinity Stress Response in two Egyptian Rice Varieties with Different Tolerance Levels

Table S4. Repository data showing genes identified by MapMan in Giza 177 in different pathways.  A, Cell wall modifications. B, Hemicellulose synthesis. C, Cellulose synthesis. D, Mannan-xylose-arabinose-fucose. E, cell wall peroxidase. F, TF MYB.  G, bZIP.   H, Histone.

Supplementary Table S2 - Article:Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Insights into Salinity Stress Response in two Egyptian Rice Varieties with Different Tolerance Levels

Table S2. Repository data for the global analysis produced for cv Giza 177.  A, Up regulated genes observed when comparing salt stressed plants vs unstressed controls.  B, Down regulated genes in Giza 177 observed when comparing salt stressed plants vs unstressed controls. C, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis (GOEA) results for Giza 177 up regulated genes.    D, GOEA results for Giza 177 down regulated genes.

Supplementary Table S3 - Article: Transcriptome Analysis Provides Novel Insights into Salinity Stress Response in two Egyptian Rice Varieties with Different Tolerance Levels

Table S3. Repository data for the global analysis produced for cv Giza 178.  A, Up regulated genes observed when comparing salt stressed plants vs unstressed controls.  B, Down regulated genes in Giza 178 observed when comparing salt stressed plants vs unstressed controls. C, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis (GOEA) results for Giza 178 up regulated genes.    D, GOEA results for Giza 178 down regulated genes.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Data from: Breeding heat tolerant orchardgrass germplasm for summer persistence in high temperature stress environments of the southeastern United States

This is digital research data corresponding to a published manuscript, Breeding heat tolerant orchardgrass germplasm for summer persistence in high temperature stress environments of the southeastern United States, in Crop Science, Volume 61, p. 1915 - 1925. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) could serve as a cool-season perennial in southeastern production systems, but often does not behave as a true perennial under high temperature stress conditions of the region. This work sought to develop heat-tolerant orchardgrass germplasm through recurrent phenotypic selection (RPS) that would both reduce secondary seed dormancy caused by high soil temperatures and improve stand persistence over summer months. Selection was conducted in a growth chamber 40/30 °C (12/12 h, light/darkness), with germinated seedlings subjected to an additional 2–3 weeks of 40/30 °C conditions. The base germplasm (Cycle 0) and selected individuals (Cycles 1–3) were transplanted into the field, then harvested for seed. Forty-degree germination tests compared mean cumulative germination, velocity of germination within 8 days (VOG8), and realized heritability. Stand persistencewas assessed 1 year after transplanting.

opencc-zeroAug 2022View details →

Data from: Evolution of cold tolerance in the highly stress tolerant samphires and relatives (Salicornieae: Amaranthaceae)"

Low temperature constitutes one of the main barriers to plant distributions, confining many clades to their ancestrally tropical biome. However, recent evidence suggests that transitions from tropical to temperate biomes may be more frequent than previously thought. Here, we study the evolution of cold and frost tolerance in the globally distributed and highly stress-tolerant Salicornieae (Salicornioideae, Amaranthaceae s.l.). We first generate a phylogenetic tree comprising almost all known species (85-90%), using newly generated (n = 106) and published nuclear-ribosomal and plastid sequences. Next, we use geographical occurrence data to document in which clades and geographical regions cold-tolerant species occur and reconstruct how cold tolerance evolved. Finally, we test for correlated evolution between frost tolerance and the annual life form. We find that frost tolerance has evolved independently in up to four Northern Hemisphere lineages but that annuals are no more likely to evolve frost tolerance than perennials, indicating the presence of different strategies for adapting to cold environments. Our findings add to mounting evidence for multiple independent out-of-the-tropics transitions among close relatives of flowering plants and raise new questions on the ecological and physiological mechanism(s) of adaptation to low temperatures in Salicornieae.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Figure 2 in Response and tolerance mechanism of food crops under high temperature stress: a review

Figure 2. Schematic representation of tolerance mechanism of plants during heat stress.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Data from: Glutaredoxin regulation of primary root growth confers early drought stress tolerance in pearl millet

Seedling root traits impact plant establishment under challenging environments. Pearl millet is one of the most heat- and drought-tolerant cereal crops that provides a vital food source across the sub-Saharan Sahel region. Pearl millet's early root system features a single fast-growing primary root which we hypothesize is an adaptation to the Sahelian climate. Using crop modelling, we demonstrate that early drought stress is an important constraint in agrosystems in the Sahel where pearl millet was domesticated. Furthermore, we show that increased pearl millet primary root growth is correlated with increased early water stress tolerance in field conditions. Genetics including GWAS and QTL approaches identify genomic regions controlling this key root trait. Combining gene expression data, re-sequencing and re-annotation of one of these genomic regions identified a glutaredoxin-encoding gene PgGRXC9 as the candidate stress resilience root growth regulator. Functional characterization of its closest Arabidopsis homolog AtROXY19 revealed a novel role for this glutaredoxin (GRX) gene clade in regulating cell elongation. In summary, our study suggests a conserved function for GRX genes in conferring root cell elongation and enhancing resilience of pearl millet to its Sahelian environment.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

Effect of thermal acclimation on the tolerance of the peach fruit fly (Bactrocera zonata: Tephritidae) to heat and cold stress

The effect of thermal acclimation on cold and heat tolerance of the peach fruit fly (Bactrocera zonata) was studied. Males and females were acclimated at 20, 25 and 30°C for up to 19 days following adult emergence. The critical thermal minimum (CTmin) and maximum (CTmax) were subsequently recorded as well adult survival following acute exposure to chilling (0 or -3°C for 2 hours). Additionally, the survival of pupae subjected for two hours to temperatures ranging from -12°C to 5°C was determined. The raw data collected during this study is available in the provided data file.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

Exploring the connection between autophagy and heat-stress tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster

Mechanisms aimed at recovering from heat-induced damages are closely associated with the ability of ectotherms to survive exposure to stressful temperatures. Autophagy, a ubiquitous stress-responsive catabolic process, has recently gained renewed attention as one of these mechanisms. By increasing the turnover of cellular structures as well as the clearance of long-lived protein and protein aggregates, the induction of autophagy has been linked to increased tolerance to a range of abiotic stressors in diverse ectothermic organisms. However, whether a link between autophagy and heat-tolerance exists in insect models remains unclear despite broad ecophysiological implications thereof. Here, we explored the putative association between autophagy and heat-tolerance using Drosophila melanogaster as a model. We hypothesized that (i) heat-stress would cause an increase of autophagy in flies' tissues, and (ii) rapamycin exposure would trigger a detectable autophagic response in adults and increase their heat-tolerance. In line with our hypothesis, we report that flies exposed to heat-stress present signs of protein aggregation and appear to trigger an autophagy-related homoeostatic response as a result. We further show that rapamycin feeding causes the systemic effect associated with target of rapamycin (TOR) inhibition, induces autophagy locally in the fly gut, and increases the heat-stress tolerance of individuals. These results argue in favour of a substantial contribution of autophagy to the heat-stress tolerance mechanisms of insects.

ClinicalTrials.gov36/100

The Safety and Tolerability of COMP360 in Participants With Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05312151. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

publicAug 2025View details →

A machine learning enabled approach to assess trade-offs between growth and stress tolerance in Pooideae grasses following domestication

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publicSep 2023View details →

Exploring the connection between autophagy and heat-stress tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster

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