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222 results for “surprise”
Fig. 2 in A new large mammal from the Ypresian of Morocco: Evidence of surprising diversity of early proboscideans
Fig. 2. Daouitherium rebouli gen. et sp. nov. Holotype, CPSGM MA4, left dentary with m1–3, p2–4, and anterior alveoli in labial stereo−view (A) and lingual stereo−view (B).
Fig. 4 in A new large mammal from the Ypresian of Morocco: Evidence of surprising diversity of early proboscideans
Fig. 4. Daouitherium rebouli gen. et sp. nov. Holotype, CPSGM MA4. Detail of the anterior part showing the p2 and anterior alveoli (arrows) in sub−occlusal view.
Fig. 3 in A new large mammal from the Ypresian of Morocco: Evidence of surprising diversity of early proboscideans
Fig. 3. Daouitherium rebouli gen. et sp. nov. Holotype, CPSGM MA4. Detailed occlusal stereo−view of p2–4 (A), m1–2 (B), and m3 (C).
Fig. 1 in A new large mammal from the Ypresian of Morocco: Evidence of surprising diversity of early proboscideans
Fig. 1. Daouitherium rebouli gen. et sp. nov. Holotype, CPSGM MA4, left dentary with m1–3, p2–4, and anterior alveoli in occlusal stereo−view.
Linked collectors and determiners for: A new species of rock-dwelling gecko (Gekkonidae: Gehyra) from the Mt Surprise region of northern Queensland, Australia.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "A new species of rock-dwelling gecko (Gekkonidae: Gehyra) from the Mt Surprise region of northern Queensland, Australia". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/ba055cef-f55e-47dd-b1c9-00db492149ca">https://bionomia.net/dataset/ba055cef-f55e-47dd-b1c9-00db492149ca</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/ba055cef-f55e-47dd-b1c9-00db492149ca">https://gbif.org/dataset/ba055cef-f55e-47dd-b1c9-00db492149ca</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Datasets and Code for the paper "Toward Futuristic Autonomous Experimentation—A Surprise-Reacting Sequential Experiment Policy"
<p>This page has the data and code used in the paper "Toward Futuristic Autonomous Experimentation—A Surprise-Reacting Sequential Experiment Policy", to be published in IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering.</p>
Fig. 4 in Surprising genomic diversity in the Neotropical fish Synbranchus marmoratus (Teleostei: Synbranchidae): how many species?
Fig. 4. Cluster analysis based on karyotypes and genome sizes. The vertical bars on the right-hand side of the figure illustrate the closeness of samples found in different rivers and appearing in the same branch of the cluster (cf. Fig. 3). Letters A-E indicate cytotypes described in Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 in Surprising genomic diversity in the Neotropical fish Synbranchus marmoratus (Teleostei: Synbranchidae): how many species?
Fig. 3. Nuclear DNA content per individual (pg, + 95% confidence interval) among the sampled fishes. Rectangles include individuals with the same karyotype and dotted lines within rectangles subdivide samples into groupings of individuals with similar nuclear DNA contents.
Fig. 2 in Surprising genomic diversity in the Neotropical fish Synbranchus marmoratus (Teleostei: Synbranchidae): how many species?
Fig. 2. Five different cytotypes found among the samples of Synbranchus marmoratus analyzed. A – from the samples coded as PR, PR, and MS; B – from the samples coded as 2 3 2 SP and SP; C – from the sample coded as PR; D – karyotype 2 3 1
Fig. 1 in Surprising genomic diversity in the Neotropical fish Synbranchus marmoratus (Teleostei: Synbranchidae): how many species?
Fig. 1. South America map showing the major river drainages. The detail show the collecting locations. The bold dashed line in the detail indicates the limit of the last great marine incursion into South America (from the south) at approximately five million years ago (modified from Frailey, 2002). The lighter dashed lines indicate the state-specific boundaries hosting the collecting locations. MS 1,2 = rio Miranda (state of Mato Grosso do Sul; 2n=46 and 2n=42); SP 1 = rio Mogi-Guaçu (state of São Paulo; 2n=44); SP 2 = rio Tietê (state of São Paulo; 2n=42); SP 3 = rio Paraná (state of São Paulo; 2n=42); PR 1 = ribeirão Água do Caixão (state of Paraná; 2n=46); PR = rio Tibagi (state of Paraná; 2n=42); PR = rio Paraná (state of Paraná; 2n=42).
Bayesian Surprise Shapes Neural Responses in Somatosensory Cortical Circuit
<p>Numerous psychophysical studies demonstrate that Bayesian inference governs sensory decision-making, however the specific neural circuitry underlying this probabilistic mechanism remains unknown. We record extracellular neural activity along the somatosensory pathway of mice while delivering sensory stimulation paradigms designed to isolate the response to the surprise generated by Bayesian inference. Our results demonstrate that laminar cortical circuits in early sensory areas encode Bayesian surprise. Systematic sensitivity to surprise is not identified in the somatosensory thalamus, rather emerging in the primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory cortices. Multiunit spiking activity and evoked potentials in layer 6 of these regions exhibit the highest sensitivity to surprise. Gamma power in S1 layer 2/3 exhibits an NMDAR-dependent scaling with surprise, as does alpha power in layers 2/3 and 6 of S2. These results demonstrate a precise spatiotemporal neural representation of Bayesian surprise<br> and suggest that Bayesian inference is a fundamental component of cortical proc</p>
EEG Dataset for 'Cortical Tracking of Surprisal during Continuous Speech Comprehension'
<p>The repository contains the unprocessed EEG data recorded for the publication [1]. For convenience, the onsets of the EEG data provided here are time-aligned with the onsets of the audio books in the 'audiobooks' folder, and the EEG data are provided in HDF5 format. Please refer to the original version of this dataset for more details.</p> <p>A script is provided which shows how the original data were aligned ('align_data.py') in Python. The order in which the audiobook chapters were presented was different for different participants. If this is important to you, the details are available in 'stimulus_orders.csv'.</p> <p>More details, as well as the original data files, are available at the original version of this repository <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7086168">here</a>.</p> <p>Examples for using this data (preprocessing, fitting linear models) can be found <a href="https://github.com/Mike-boop/trf-examples">here</a>.</p> <p>If you use this data, please cite the original publication, as well as this repository [1,2].</p> <p>[1] Weissbart H, Kandylaki KD, Reichenbach T. “Cortical Tracking of Surprisal during Continuous Speech Comprehension”. J Cogn Neurosci. 2020 Jan;32(1):155-166. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_01467.</p> <p>[2] Weissbart H, Kandylaki KD, Reichenbach T. “EEG Dataset for 'Cortical Tracking of Surprisal during Continuous Speech Comprehension'”. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7086167</p>
Fig. 1 in Surprising morphological diversity in ceraphronid wasps revealed by a distinctive new species of Aphanogmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea)
Fig. 1. Aphanogmus kretschmanni Moser sp. nov.; holotype, ♀ (SMNS_Hym_Cer_000227). a. Habitus, lateral view. b. Habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars = 200 µm.
Fig. 3 in Surprising morphological diversity in ceraphronid wasps revealed by a distinctive new species of Aphanogmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea)
Fig. 3. Digital reconstruction of A. kretschmanni Moser sp. nov. based on synchrotron micro-CT; holotype, ♀ (SMNS_Hym_Cer_000227). a–d. Habitus in left (a), right (b), ventral (c) and dorsal (d) aspect. e. Left antenna. f. Left foreleg. g. Left midleg. h. Left hindleg. i–k. Ovipositor in left (i), ventral (j) and dorsal (k) aspect. Abbreviations: 1vf = first valvifer; 1vv = first valvulae; asf = anterior section of dorsal flange of the second valvifer; bl = basal line of the second valvifer; bulb = bulbous anterior area of the dorsal valve; MPMM = metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex; res = venom gland reservoir of the second valvifer; S7 = 7th metasomal sternite. Scale bars: a–h = 0.5 mm; i–k = 250 µm.
Fig. 2 in Surprising morphological diversity in ceraphronid wasps revealed by a distinctive new species of Aphanogmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea)
Fig. 2. Detailed images of A. kretschmanni Moser sp. nov. (a, d = SMNS_Hym_Cer_000466; b = SMNS_Hym_Cer_000465; c = SMNS_Hym_Cer_000469). a. Wing interference patterns of left fore- and hindwing. b. Fore- and hindwing. c. CLSM image of ovipositor with sclerites in red. Abbreviations: 1vf = 1st valvifer; 1vv = 1st valvulae; ang = anterior angle of the 1st valvifer; asf = anterior section of the dorsal flange of the second valvifer; bl = basal line of the second valvifer; bulb = bulbous anterior area of the dorsal valve; iva = intervalvifer articulation; tva = tergo-valvifer articulation. d. Waterston's evaporatorium on T6. Abbreviations: at cx = acrotergal calyx; ta = tergal apodeme. Scale bars: a–b = 200 µm; c–d = 50 µm.
Figure 25 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 25 Paedolohmannia metzin. sp., larva: A – dorsal view (legs not shown); B – lateral view (legs represented only by trochanters, palp tarsus not shown); C – ventral view (legs and palp as in B); D – posterior view of hysterosoma; E – subcapitulum, ventral view; F – chelicera, abaxial view; G – palp, abaxial view. Scale bars 50 µm (A-D, to same scale); 20 µm (E-G, to same scale).
Figure 20 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 20 Paedolohmannia metzin. sp., adult: A – dorsal view (legs not shown); B – ventral view (only leg trochanters shown). Scale bar 100 µm.
Figure 17 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 17 Eulohmannia bifurcataFujikawa, paratypes: A – paratype 13643A, habitus (indicating positions of B–D); B – posterior region of hysterosoma, ventrolateral view; C – marginal region of notogaster, above bandna; D – proterosoma dorsal to trochanters I, II; E – paratype 13644A, ventral habitus (indicating positions of F, G); F – lateral region of epimeres I and II (insert = posterolateral corner of II, deeper focus) G – posterolateral region of hysterosoma; H – paratype 13643B, posterior left corner of notogaster, dorsal view (*, ** indicate internal tissues or medium artifacts apparently mistaken forgla andip, respectively). Scale bars 100 µm (A, E); 20 µm (B, G); 10 µm (C, D, F, H).
Figure 13 in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 13 Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – protonymph, right leg I, abaxial view; B – protonymph, left leg IV, abaxial view; C – deutonymph, right tarsus I, abaxial view (slightly rotated dorsad); D – deutonymph, left leg IV, abaxial. Scale bars 20 µm (A, B, D to same scale); 10 µm (C).
Figure 16 A-F in Paedomorphosis and sexuality in Eulohmanniidae (Acari, Oribatida): surprising diversity in a relictual family of oribatid mites
Figure 16 A-F. Eulohmannia ribagai(Berlese): A – contents of esophagus (left) and accumulating food bolus in ventriculus (right) in strongly cleared adult (arrows to plant tracheal fragments); B – food bolus in ventriculus of cleared Tn (Germany); C – partially filled bolus in colon of slightly cleared adult, two focal planes (Sweden; white arrow to gelatinous outer layer, black arrows to possible bryophyte spores); D fecal pellet in postcolon of adult (arrow to fungal hypha); E – fecal pellet in postcolon of adult (Nova Scotia); F – fecal pellet in postcolon of adult (Alberta) with microsporidians in cleared gut wall (insert = enlargement of microsporidians, 2 µm long). G-L. Eulohmannia bifurcata Fujikawa, holotype (13642): G – habitus, with rectangles marking location of other images; H – region of podocephalic canal, ventral to top (right insert = enlarged setaeI); I – empodium of pretarsus IV; J – chelicera, abaxial view (insert = enlargement of cotyloid region, arrow on edge of articulating cuticle); K – rutellum, ventral view; L – distal part of tarsus I, midline focus (image inverted vertically for consistency); M – palp tarsus, abaxial (top), adaxial (bottom). Scale bars 100 µm (G); 20 µm (A-F all to same scale); 10 µm (H, J); 5 µm (K-M); 2 µm (I).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.