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46 results for “urban conservation”
Figure 2 in Plant diversity and conservation value of wetlands along a rural-urban gradient
Figure 2. NMDS ordination for the average cover-abundance per transect per site of all species.
Conservation in post-industrial cities: how does vacant land management and landscape configuration influence urban bees?
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Data from: Predicting habitat suitability and connectivity for management and conservation of urban wildlife: A real-time web application for grassland water voles
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Management of urban wetlands for conservation can reduce aquatic biodiversity and increase mosquito risk
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Data and code for Chapter 1: An expanded scope of biodiversity in urban agriculture, with implications for conservation.
<p>Data and code for Chapter 1: An expanded scope of biodiversity in urban agriculture, with implications for conservation, in <em>Urban Agroecology: Interdisciplinary Research and Future Directions</em> (Monika Egerer and Hamutahl Cohen eds). CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Abingdon, UK</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in urban green spaces: implications for urban wildlife conservation
<p>As urban growth expands and natural environments fragment, it is essential to understand the ecological roles fulfilled by urban green spaces. To evaluate how urban green spaces function as wildlife habitat, we estimated mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in city parks, cemeteries, golf courses, and natural areas throughout the greater Chicago, IL, USA region. We found similar a-diversity (with the exception of city parks), but remarkably dissimilar communities in different urban green spaces. Additionally, the type of urban green space greatly influenced species colonization and persistence rates. For example, coyotes (Canis latrans) had the highest, but white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) the lowest, probability of persistence in golf courses compared to other green space types. Further, most species had a difficult time colonizing city parks even when sites were seemingly available. Our results indicate that urban green spaces contribute different, but collectively important, habitats for maintaining and conserving biodiversity in cities.</p>
Data from: Local and landscape metrics identify opportunities for conserving cavity-nesting birds in a rapidly urbanizing ecoregion
Urban centers are rapidly expanding globally, resulting in regional forest-cover transformations that shift from temperate forest biomes to a heterogeneous mix of urban development, forest patches, and agriculture. Data on habitat use within remaining forest patches embedded across land use types, particularly in urban land use, are needed to optimize conservation strategies as urban growth continues. In the rapidly urbanizing southern Piedmont, USA, small pine patches have become more frequent across the landscape and are found embedded within second-growth forest, agricultural, and urban land use matrices. We used point-count surveys and N-mixture models to determine the effect of patch- and landscape-scale drivers on cavity-nesting bird abundance, including the threatened Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla), in pine forest patches. Model-averaged estimates suggest Brown-headed Nuthatches are more abundant in large patches in a heterogeneous matrix that includes urban residential development. Three other cavity-nesting species declined in abundance as a function of reduced canopy cover. White-breasted Nuthatches increased and Tufted Titmice decreased in abundance in response to patch area. By identifying factors that predict abundance at local and landscape scales for ecologically sensitive and generalist species, we can more effectively contribute to regional conservation efforts in urban ecosystems, extending conservation in practice beyond protected areas.
Does urbanization favor exotic bee species? Implications for the conservation of native bees in cities
A growing body of research indicates that cities can support diverse bee communities. However, urbanization may disproportionately benefit exotic bees, potentially to the detriment of native species. We examined the influence of urbanization on exotic and native bees using two datasets from Michigan, USA. We found that urbanization positively influenced exotic – but not native – bee abundance and richness, and that this association could not be explained by proximity to international ports of entry, prevalence of exotic flora, or urban warming. We found a negative relationship between native and exotic bee abundance at sites with high total bee abundance, suggesting that exotic bees may negatively affect native bee populations. These effects were not driven by the numerically dominant exotic honeybee, but rather by other exotic bees. Our findings complicate the emerging paradigm of cities as key sites for pollinator conservation.
Data from: Plant population success across urban ecosystems – a framework to inform biodiversity conservation in cities
1. In a rapidly urbanising world, the ability of plant species to survive and build self-sustaining populations in urban environments is increasingly important for biodiversity conservation. Yet the contribution of cities to biodiversity conservation remains unclear because ecologists have studied biodiversity patterns, largely without considering the population establishment of plants and the ways in which different kinds of urban ecosystems harbour native and endangered plant species. These limitations can mislead conservation policies for cities. 2. To better-understand how urban ecosystems can contribute to biodiversity conservation, we propose a framework that links the population status (casual or established) of plant species with ecosystem novelty and highlights barriers to population establishment in different types of urban ecosystems, from natural remnants to novel ecosystems. 3. To quantify the relative importance of natural remnants vs. human-shaped ecosystems for the conservation of self-sustaining urban plant populations we re-analyse a unique dataset from a metropolitan region in Europe with information on the population status of 1199 plant species. 4. Results demonstrate that urban ecosystems harbour many established native and endangered species although a considerable share (37%) of species of conservation concern are confined to natural remnants. In hybrid and immature novel ecosystems, high species numbers reflect many species with only casual populations. The role of novel ecosystems as habitats for native and endangered plant species increases as novel ecosystems mature. 5. Synthesis and applications. General information about plant species richness in urban environments may mislead conservation policies as different kinds of urban ecosystems can play different roles in harbouring species of conservation concern. Moreover, presence-absence data can mask establishment failures of species. This proposed framework helps to distinguish between casual and established populations of plant species, and highlights barriers to population persistence in urban ecosystems; reflecting different land uses and land use histories over time. Revealing the role of natural remnants vs. hybrid vs. novel ecosystems as habitats for species of conservation concern illustrates opportunities for biodiversity conservation in all urban ecosystems and can support setting priorities for conservation.
FIGURE 1 in Description and conservation status of a new species of Australotomurus (Collembola: Entomobryidae: Orchesellinae) from urban Perth remnant bushland
FIGURE 1. Map of part of urban Perth showing the four sites where Australotomurus morbidus, sp. nov. has been collected (Google Earth).
FIGURES 27–30 in Description and conservation status of a new species of Australotomurus (Collembola: Entomobryidae: Orchesellinae) from urban Perth remnant bushland
FIGURES 27–30. Scanning electron micrographs of Heteromurus major (Moniez): 27, habitus, bar = 10 micrometers; 28, claw, bar = 30 micrometers; 29, mucro, bar = 10 micrometers 30, body scales.
FIGURES 18–26 in Description and conservation status of a new species of Australotomurus (Collembola: Entomobryidae: Orchesellinae) from urban Perth remnant bushland
FIGURES 18–26. Australotomurus morbidus, sp. nov.: 18, distal margin of manubrium; 19, mucro and distal part of dens; 20, tenaculum; 21, female genital plate showing paired spermathecae; 22, male genital opening; 23, claw lateral view; 24, claw ventral view; 25, trochanteral organ; 26, furcal apodeme showing paired spermathecae.
FIGURES 5–15 in Description and conservation status of a new species of Australotomurus (Collembola: Entomobryidae: Orchesellinae) from urban Perth remnant bushland
FIGURES 5–15. Australotomurus morbidus, sp. nov.: 5, ocelli patch; 6, tip of antennal segment IV; 7, different chaetae on 1b antennal segment: a) tiny small smooth spine-like sensilla inner on male organ, b) central chaetae of male organ varies from 6 to 12 whorls, c) lateral chaetae of male organ, d) external chaetae, e) sensilla, f) normal macrochaeta; 8, external labial palp (E); 9, antennal III organ; 10, male secondary sexual organ on antennal segment III; 11, male antennal segments II, III and part of IV; 12, mandible; 13, labrum; 14, mentum and submentum; 15, maxillary palp.
FIGURES 2–4 in Description and conservation status of a new species of Australotomurus (Collembola: Entomobryidae: Orchesellinae) from urban Perth remnant bushland
FIGURES 2–4. Photographs of alcohol-preserved specimens of Australotomurus morbidus, sp. nov., pigment patterns: 2, body, lateral view; 3, body, dorsal view; 4, head and thorax, dorsal view. Bar = 1 mm for Figures 2–3, Bar = 250 Μ for Figure 4.
A conservative immersed boundary method for the multi-physics urban large-eddy simulation model uDALES v2.0
<p>This dataset accompanies the GMD article 'A conservative immersed boundary method for the multi-physics urban large-eddy simulation model uDALES v2.0' (https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-96).</p> <ul> <li>The input files to run the presented cases using uDALES are contained in 'inputs'.</li> <li>The model outputs are contained in separate folders: 'XCC', 'indoor-outdoor', 'XCB', and 'SEB'. When downloaded, move into a folder called 'outputs' so that the paths defined in the scripts work as intended (see below).</li> <li>The Matlab scripts to plot the figures are contained in 'scripts'.</li> <li>The figures shown in the article are contained in 'figures'.</li> </ul>
Supplementary material 1 from: Unterweger PA, Klammer J, Unger M, Betz O (2018) Insect hibernation on urban green land: a winter-adapted mowing regime as a management tool for insect conservation. BioRisk 13: 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3897/biorisk.13.22316
Table with all captured species / morphotypes sorted by order, family and species / morphotype. : Explanation note: Collection: University of Tübingen, Evolutionary Biology of Invertebrates, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. Individuals with scientific species name that were checked by a taxonomic expert were counted as taxonomic species (s); all the other determinations were counted as morphotypes (m). Morphotypes are defined by the lowest practical taxonomic level (e.g. Hanula et al. 2009; Kutschbach-Brohl et al. 2010). In some cases, the family or the morphometric body length (in mm, numbers in column C, Mini: smaller than 1 mm) was counted as a morphotype (Daly 1985). In cases for which the determination was not validated by a taxonomic expert, our species determination was checked for plausibility in terms of its geographical occurrence via the Entomofauna Germanica (http://www.colkat.de, 2017.11.06). Alternatively (if no taxonomic name could be found), a classification letter / number was assigned for a morphotype. The provided author name refers to the lowest practical taxonomic level (e.g. Hanula et al. 2009; Kutschbach-Brohl et al. 2010). Validation: name of scientific expert who checked the taxonomic determination. Management type of meadow in autumn: mown /unmown. Plant compartment: flower head, stem, tuft, leaves. All numbers represent total sums of all sample sites over the entire study period. Brown-labelled species names are thought to have hibernated in the soil. Green-labelled species names could only be found in flower heads and stems. Black-labelled species occurred in all plant compartments without any preference for a specific plant compartment.
Does urbanization favor exotic bee species? Implications for the conservation of native bees in cities
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Data from: Mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in urban green spaces: implications for urban wildlife conservation
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Data from: Conservation genetics of extremely isolated urban populations of the Northern Dusky Salamander (Desmognathus fuscus) in New York City
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Data from: Plant population success across urban ecosystems – a framework to inform biodiversity conservation in cities
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.