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238 results for “vulnerability data”
FIG. 3 in A synopsis of Ptisana Murdock ferns (Marattiaceae) in New Caledonia based on sequence data and morphology with the recognition of a new vulnerable species, P. soluta (Compton) Murdock & Perrie, comb. nov., stat. nov.
FIG. 3. — Ptisana soluta (Compton) Murdock & Perrie, comb. nov., stat. nov., field photos: A, frond with lamina 3-pinnate proximally and 2-pinnate distally. The frond at top-right is P. attenuata (Labill.) Murdock; B, stipes are greenish-brown at a distance; C, abaxial surface of costae and fertile lamina, showing transition from 3-pinnate to 2-pinnate; D, stipe greenish-brown and smooth; E, stipules around stipe bases. Photos: A-D, Leon Perrie from near Nouméa; E, Rémy Amice, from near Nouméa.
FIG. 1 in A synopsis of Ptisana Murdock ferns (Marattiaceae) in New Caledonia based on sequence data and morphology with the recognition of a new vulnerable species, P. soluta (Compton) Murdock & Perrie, comb. nov., stat. nov.
FIG. 1. — Ptisana attenuata (Labill.) Murdock, field photos: A, 3-pinnate frond; B, stipes are dark at a distance; C, abaxial surface of costae and lamina, with synangia; D, stipe dark and wrinkled; E, divided stipules around stipe bases. Photos: Leon Perrie, from near Nouméa.
Data from: Species-specific ecological traits, phylogeny, and geography underpin vulnerability to population declines for North American birds
<p>Species declines and extinctions characterize the Anthropocene. Determining species vulnerability to decline, and where and how to mitigate threats, are paramount for effective conservation. We hypothesized that species with shared ecological traits also share threats, and therefore may experience similar population trends. Here, we used a Bayesian modeling framework to test whether phylogeny, geography, and 22 ecological traits predict regional population trends for 380 North American bird species. Groups like blackbirds, warblers, and shorebirds, as well as species occupying Bird Conservation Regions at more extreme latitudes in North America, exhibited negative population trends, while groups such as ducks, raptors, and waders, as well as species occupying more inland Bird Conservation Regions, exhibited positive trends. Specifically, we found that in addition to phylogeny and breeding geography, multiple ecological traits contributed to explaining variation in regional population trends for North American birds. Furthermore, we found that regional trends and the relative effects of migration distance, phylogeny, and geography differ between shorebirds, songbirds, and waterbirds. Our work provides evidence that multiple ecological traits correlate with North American bird population trends, but that the individual effects of these ecological traits in predicting population trends often vary between different groups of birds. Moreover, our results reinforce the notion that variation in avian population trends is controlled by more than phylogeny and geography, where closely-related species within one region can show unique population trends due to differences in their ecological traits. We recommend that regional conservation plans, i.e. one-size-fits-all plans, be implemented only for bird groups with population trends under strong phylogenetic or geographic controls. We underscore the need to develop species-specific research and management strategies for other groups, like songbirds, that exhibit high variation in their population trends and are influenced by multiple ecological traits.</p>
Data from: Phenotypic plasticity and genetic diversity shed light on endemism of rare Boechera perstellata and its potential vulnerability to climate warming
<p>Premise of the study: The rapid pace of contemporary environmental change puts many species at risk, especially rare species constrained by limited capacity to adapt or migrate due to low genetic diversity and/or fitness. But the ability to acclimate can provide another way to persist through change. We compared the capacity of rare <em>Boechera perstellata</em> (Braun's rockcress) and widespread <em>B. laevigata</em> to acclimate to change.</p> <p>Methods: We investigated the phenotypic plasticity of growth, biomass allocation, and leaf morphology of individuals of <em>B. perstellata</em> and <em>B. laevigata</em> propagated from seed collected from several populations throughout their ranges in a growth chamber experiment to assess their capacity to acclimate. Concurrently, we assessed the genetic diversity of sampled populations using 17 microsatellite loci to assess evolutionary potential.</p> <p>Key results: Plasticity was limited in both rare <em>B. perstellata</em> and widespread <em>B. laevigata</em>, but differences in the plasticity of root traits between species suggest that <em>B. perstellata</em> may have less capacity to acclimate to change. In contrast to its widespread congener, <em>B. perstellata</em> exhibited no plasticity in response to temperature and weaker plastic responses to water availability. As expected, <em>B. perstellata</em> also had lower levels of observed heterozygosity than <em>B. laevigata</em> at the species level, but population-level trends in diversity measures were inconsistent due to high heterogeneity among <em>B. laevigata</em> populations.</p> <p>Conclusions: Overall, the ability of phenotypic plasticity to broadly explain the rarity of <em>B. perstellata</em> vs. commonness of <em>B. laevigata </em>is limited. However, some contextual aspects of our plasticity findings compared with its relatively low genetic variability may shed light on the narrow range and habitat associations of <em>B. perstellata</em> and suggest its vulnerability to climate warming due to acclimatory and evolutionary constraints.</p>
Data from: Climate change alters global invasion vulnerability among ecoregions
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: We assess climate similarity among global freshwater and terrestrial ecoregions under historical and future climate scenarios to determine where climate change will impact the climate filter of invasion process.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: Global.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We used the Climatch algorithm to conduct a climate-match analysis to quantify the climate similarity between freshwater and terrestrial ecoregions of the world. Climate match was modelled between all freshwater and terrestrial ecoregions. The analysis was conducted under historical climates and projected climates of 2090 under three shared-socioeconomic pathways SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5. Climate matches of each ecoregion were presented as mean climate match to all other ecoregions. Friedman's non-parametric rank sum two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to examine differences in climate match between climate scenarios. </p>
Reproduction package for the paper "The Impact of Hard and Easy Negative Training Data on Vulnerability Prediction Performance"
<p>This Reproduction package contains the datasets, code and results for the paper "The Impact of Hard and Easy Negative Training Data on Vulnerability Prediction Performance" for other researchers to use for reproducing or improving our work. </p>
Data from: Agricultural specialisation increases the vulnerability of pollination services for smallholder farmers
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Terrain variables used for ensemble distribution modelling of vulnerable marine ecosystems indicator taxa on data-limited seamounts of Cabo Verde (NW Africa)
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Data from: Climate change alters global invasion vulnerability among ecoregions
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Data from: Using network science to evaluate vulnerability of landslides on Big Sur Coast, California, USA
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Data for: Genomic vulnerability to climate change in Quercus acutissima, a dominant tree species in East Asian deciduous forests
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Data from: Local adaptation has a role in reducing vulnerability to climate change in a widespread Amazonian forest lizard
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Data from: Species-specific ecological traits, phylogeny, and geography underpin vulnerability to population declines for North American birds
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Data from: Phenotypic plasticity and genetic diversity shed light on endemism of rare Boechera perstellata and its potential vulnerability to climate warming
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Data from: Pathways underlying selective neuronal vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease: Contrasting the vulnerable locus coeruleus to the resilient substantia nigra
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Data from: Genomics-informed conservation units reveal spatial variation in climate vulnerability in a migratory bird
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Data from: Why time-limited individuals can make populations more vulnerable to disturbance
Individual variation in disturbance vulnerability (i.e. the likelihood that disturbance negatively affects an individual's fitness) can affect how disturbance impacts animal populations, as even at low disturbance levels some individuals could be severely affected and die. Individual variation in vulnerability can arise due to different responses to disturbance. We propose a new hypothesis that even when individuals respond similarly to disturbance, time-limited individuals are more at risk that their condition deteriorates since they have limited ability to extend their foraging time to compensate for disturbance. We investigate this 'time-limitation hypothesis' both empirically and mathematically by studying how individuals that differ in their average foraging time (presumably due to differences in foraging efficiency) are affected by disturbance. We used tracking data of 22 wintering Eurasian oystercatchers Haematopus ostralegus to compare time budgets between disturbed and undisturbed tidal periods. In three tidal periods with severe disturbance by transport airplane, more than a third of the variation in additional flight time and foraging time loss was explained by individual differences. Inefficient individuals that foraged longer in undisturbed tidal periods experienced higher costs in disturbed tidal periods, since they lost more foraging time. We next used an analytical energy balance model to study how time-limited individuals differed in their maximum disturbance thresholds. Both our theoretical model and empirical study suggest that inefficient individuals in a time-limited environment may be unable to increase their foraging time to compensate for the effects of disturbance. Consequently, the magnitude of individual variation in time budgets strongly determines what proportion of the population is at risk that their condition deteriorates due to disturbance. Our hypothesis implies that, when assessing disturbance effects on a population, it is not only important to consider individual variation in disturbance responses, but also variation in time budgets that determine the consequences of disturbance.
Data from: Genomic insights into the vulnerability of sympatric whitefish species flocks
The erosion of habitat heterogeneity can reduce species diversity directly but can also lead to the loss of distinctiveness of sympatric species through speciation reversal. We know little about changes in genomic differentiation during the early stages of these processes, which can be mediated by anthropogenic perturbation. Here, we analyse three sympatric whitefish species (Coregonus spp) sampled across two neighbouring and connected Swiss pre-alpine lakes, which have been differentially affected by anthropogenic eutrophication. Our data set comprises 16,173 loci genotyped across 138 whitefish using restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq). Our analysis suggests that in each of the two lakes the population of a different, but ecologically similar, whitefish species declined following a recent period of eutrophication. Genomic signatures consistent with hybridisation are more pronounced in the more severely impacted lake. Comparisons between sympatric pairs of whitefish species with contrasting ecology, where one is shallow benthic and the other one more profundal pelagic, reveal genomic differentiation that is largely correlated along the genome, while differentiation is uncorrelated between pairs of allopatric provenance with similar ecology. We identify four genomic loci that provide evidence of parallel divergent adaptation between the shallow benthic species and the two different more profundal species. Functional annotations available for two of those loci are consistent with divergent ecological adaptation. Our genomic analysis indicates the action of divergent natural selection between sympatric whitefish species in pre-alpine lakes and reveals the vulnerability of these species to anthropogenic alterations of the environment and associated adaptive landscape.
Data from: Phylogeography, population genetics, and distribution modeling reveal vulnerability of Scirpus longii (Cyperaceae) and the Atlantic Coastal Plain Flora to climate change.
A proactive approach to conservation must be predictive, anticipating how habitats will change and which species are likely to decline or prosper. We use composite species distribution modeling to identify suitable habitats for 18 members of the North American Atlantic Coastal Plain Flora (ACPF) since the Last Glacial Maximum and project these into the future. We then use Scirpus longii (Cyperaceae), a globally imperiled ACPF sedge with many of the characteristics of extinction vulnerability, as a case study. We integrate phylogeographic and population genetic analyses and species distribution modeling to develop a broad view of its current condition and prognosis for conservation. We use genotyping-by-sequencing to characterize the genomes of 142 S. longii individuals from twenty populations distributed throughout its range (New Jersey to Nova Scotia). We measure the distribution of genetic diversity in the species and reconstruct its phylogeographic history using SNAPP and RASE. Extant populations of S. longii originated from a single refugium south of the Laurentide ice sheet around 25 thousand years ago. The genetic diversity of S. longii is exceedingly low, populations exhibit little genetic structure, and the species is slightly inbred. Projected climate scenarios indicate that nearly half of extant populations of S. longii will be exposed to unsuitable climate by 2070. Similar changes in suitable habitat will occur for many other northern ACPF species – centers of diversity will shift northward and Nova Scotia may become the last refuges for those species not extinguished.
Data from: Why do bugs perish? range size and local vulnerability traits as surrogates of Odonata extinction risk
<p>Despite claims of an insect decline worldwide, our understanding of extinction risk in insects is incomplete. Using bionomic data of all odonate (603 dragonflies and damselflies) North American species, we assessed: a) regional extinction risk and whether this is related to local extirpation; b) whether these two patterns are similar altitudinally and latitudinally; and, c) areas of conservation concern. We used geographic range size as a predictor of regional extinction risk and body size, thermal limits and habitat association as predictors of local extirpation. We found that: a) greater regional extinction risk is related to narrow thermal limits, lotic habitat use and large body size (this in damselflies but not dragonflies); b) southern species are more climate-tolerant but with limited geographic range size than northern species; and, c) two priority areas for odonate conservation are the cold-temperate to sub-boreal Northeast USA and the Transversal Neo-Volcanic System. Our approach can be used to estimate insect extinction risk as it compensates for the lack of abundance data. </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.