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73 results for “water limitation”
Plant water limitation and its impact on the oviposition preferences of the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
<p>Intensifying drought conditions across the western United States due to global climate change are altering plant-insect interactions. Specialist herbivores must find their host plants within a matrix of nonhosts, and thus often rely upon specific plant secondary chemistry for host location and oviposition cues. Climate-induced alterations to plant chemistry could thus affect female selection of larval food-plants. Here, we investigated whether host-plant water limitation influenced oviposition preference in a threatened invertebrate: the monarch butterfly (<em>Danaus plexippus</em>). We found that females deposited more eggs on reduced-water than on well-watered narrowleaf milkweed plants (<em>Asclepias fascicularis</em>), but we could not attribute this change to any specific change in plant chemistry. Specialist herbivores, such as the monarch butterfly, which are tightly linked to specific plant cues, may experience a shift in preferences under global-change conditions. Understanding oviposition preferences will be important to directing ongoing habitat restoration activities for this declining insect.</p>
Water loss, not overheating, limits the activity period of an endothermic Sonoran Desert bee
<ol> <li>Desert animals must manage the physiological stresses of heat and desiccation; evaporative heat loss mitigates overheating but exacerbates water stress. Small endothermic flying insects may be particularly vulnerable to overheating and water stress as a result of high surface area to volume ratios, but we lack quantitative understanding of the relative magnitude of these abiotic stressors in flying desert invertebrates, despite their ecological importance.</li> <li>During the hottest and driest weeks of the year, many thousands of males of the Sonoran Desert digger bee (<em>Centris</em> <em>caesalpiniae</em>) flew near-continuously at elevated thorax temperatures for hours at mating aggregation sites, while occasionally fighting other males and digging for females.</li> <li>To determine whether incapacitating high temperatures or water loss limited the activity period of male <em>C. caesalpiniae</em>, we assessed wet and dry body mass and water content through the activity period, crop volume and sugar content, microclimate selection, water loss rate and metabolic water production during flight, critical water content, and maximum critical temperature.</li> <li>Body masses and sizes of males declined through the morning and smaller bees had higher fractional water contents. Crop volume and sugar content did not vary through the day or with bee size.</li> <li>Maximum critical temperature during flight was 51°C, similar to those measured for other bees, and well above temperatures reached in the field, suggesting that avoidance of over-heating does not limit activity in this desert bee.</li> <li>The critical water content of <em>Centris</em> bees averaged 50%. Measures of net water loss rate indicated that males approached lethal water loss limits within four hours, suggesting that desiccation tolerance limits activity. Remarkably, male <em>C. caesalpiniae </em>were not observed to forage at floral or water sources during the activity period, and foraged over multiple days, suggesting selection to maintain reproductive success and that these males have a mechanism to rehydrate when not at the mating aggregation.</li> </ol>
Water loss, not overheating, limits the activity period of an endothermic Sonoran Desert bee
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Evidence of local adaptation in a freshwater diatom indicates higher sensitivity to nutrient limitation as water temperature rises
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Phylogenetic restriction of plant invasion in drought-stressed environments: implications for insect-pollinated plant communities in water-limited ecosystems
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Plant water limitation and its impact on the oviposition preferences of the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
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2015/16 El Niño increased water demand and pushed plants from a Mesic tropical montane grassland beyond their hydraulic safety limits
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Trait means predict performance under water limitation better than plasticity for seedlings of Poaceae species on the eastern Tibetan Plateau
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Disentangling the influence of water limitation and simultaneous above and belowground herbivory on plant tolerance and resistance to stress
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Alternative developmental and transcriptomic responses to host plant water limitation in a butterfly metapopulation
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Pushing the limits of C3 intrinsic water use efficiency in Mediterranean semiarid steppes: responses of a drought-avoider perennial grass to climate aridification
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Responses to water limitation are independent of light for saplings of a seasonally dry tropical forest
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Data for: Majority of potable water microplastics are smaller than the 20 µm EU methodology limit for consumable water quality
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Hidden treasure of the Gobi: understanding how water limits range use of khulan in the Mongolian Gobi
<p>Most large herbivores in arid landscapes need to drink which constrains their movements and makes them vulnerable to disturbance. Asiatic wild ass or khulan (<i>Equus hemionus</i>) were widespread and abundant throughout the arid landscapes of Central Asia and Mongolia, but have undergone dramatic population declines and range constrictions; denying khulan access to water is believed to have played a major role. Mongolia's South Gobi Region now houses the world largest remaining khulan population, but is undergoing rapid land use changes. <a name="_Hlk12811526">Khulan water use is poorly understood, largely due to the difficulty of mapping waterpoints used by khulan throughout their exceptionally large ranges, prone to high variations in precipitation. We used the special movement path characteristics of GPS tagged khulan to show us where water is located. </a><a name="_Hlk12811671">We identified 367 waterpoints, 53 of which were of population importance, characterized the seasonal and circadian use, and identified snow cover as the most important variable predicting khulan visits during the non-growing season, and vegetation greenness during the growing season. Our results provide a data layer to help guide a </a>regional khulan conservation strategy, allow predictions for other part of the global khulan range, and illustrates the overall importance of waterpoints for dryland herbivores.</p>
Data from: Natural variation, differentiation and genetic tradeoffs of ecophysiological traits in response to water limitation in Brachypodium distachyon and its descendent allotetraploid B. hybridum (Poaceae)
Differences in tolerance to water stress may underlie ecological divergence of closely-related ploidy lineages. However, the mechanistic basis of physiological variation governing eco-geographical cytotype segregation is not well understood. Here, using Brachypodium distachyon and its derived allotetraploid B. hybridum as model, we test the hypothesis that, for heteroploid annuals, ecological divergence of polyploids in drier environments is based on trait differentiation enabling drought-escape. We demonstrate that under water limitation allotetraploids maintain higher photosynthesis and stomatal conductance and show earlier flowering than diploids, concordant with a drought-escape strategy to cope with water stress. Increased heterozygosity, greater genetic variability and plasticity of polyploids could confer a superior adaptive capability. Consistent with these predictions, we document (1) greater standing within-population genetic variation in water use efficiency and flowering time in allotetraploids, and (2) the existence of (non-linear) environmental clines in physiology across allotetraploid populations. Increased gas exchange and diminished WUE occurred at the driest end of the gradient, consistent with a drought-escape strategy. Finally, we found that allotetraploids showed weaker genetic correlations than diploids congruous with the expectation of relaxed pleiotropic constraints in polyploids. Our results suggest evolutionary divergence of ecophysiological traits in each ploidy lineage.
Detection of allophane by Zhurong rover indicative of limited water-alteration at Utopia Planitia of Mars
<p><span>Tianwen-1 mission is China’s first Martian exploration mission, and the Zhurong rover has successfully landed in southern Utopia Planitia. The MarSCoDe onboard the Zhurong rover can obtain mineralogical information on the Martian surface materials by using SWIR spectra. However, the exact types of hydrated phases are not clear in the existing literature. Thus we combined the SWIR spectra and laboratory database of binary mixtures to further constrain mineral types and their contents. Our results reveal that allophane may be the source of hydration features in the SWIR spectra of the Tianwen-1 landing site. This is of great significance to the geological interpretation and process of the landing site.</span></p>
Data for: Warming temperatures limit the maximum body length of teleost fishes across a latitudinal gradient in Norwegian waters
<p>As the majority of marine organisms are water-breathing ectotherms, temperature and dissolved oxygen are key environmental variables that influence their fitness and geographic distribution. In line with the gill-oxygen limitation theory (GOLT), the maximum asymptotic body size of water-breathing ectotherms is limited by an insufficient amount of oxygen that is supplied to meet metabolic demand once a threshold of gill surface area to body weight ratio is surpassed. Here we employed generalised additive models (GAMs) to investigate the relative influence of temperature, regional variation in dissolved oxygen, and geographic location (that encompasses multiple latent variables) on the maximum body length of ten teleost fish species, as well to predict their maximum body length, across a large temperature, depth and latitudinal gradient throughout Norwegian waters. As dissolved oxygen levels were near saturation across the study area, we conclude that the predicted maximum lengths of our study species were not limited by oxygen availability. Conversely, the majority of study species display a clear relationship in that their predicted maximum length is either decreasing, asymptotic or parabolic across their observed temperature range. We also observed smaller maximum body lengths for multiple species within the coldest extent of their temperature range, which may be explained by increases in basal metabolism via cold denaturation. Overall, our results suggest that the maximum lengths of our study species are influenced by temperature, thus supporting the tenants of the GOLT.</p>
Distribution. Arctic and subarctic waters S to ¢.50° N, Greenlandic and E European populations have their S distributional limits farther to the N at c.64° N. Young Belugas occasionally stray S of their normal distribution, and they have been seen near Long Island, New York, USA, and in the Seine River, France. in Monodontidae
Distribution. Arctic and subarctic waters S to ¢.50° N, Greenlandic and E European populations have their S distributional limits farther to the N at c.64° N. Young Belugas occasionally stray S of their normal distribution, and they have been seen near Long Island, New York, USA, and in the Seine River, France.
Distribution. Cooler waters of the N Pacific Ocean, N limit apparently determined by the relatively shallow waters of the Bering Sea and recorded S to La Paz in Baja California, Mexico (E Pacific Ocean), and S Japan (W Pacific Ocean). The S limit in central N Pacific Ocean remains unclear. in Ziphiidae
Distribution. Cooler waters of the N Pacific Ocean, N limit apparently determined by the relatively shallow waters of the Bering Sea and recorded S to La Paz in Baja California, Mexico (E Pacific Ocean), and S Japan (W Pacific Ocean). The S limit in central N Pacific Ocean remains unclear.
Constraints on global mined geological resource production from limited regional water availability
<p>This depository provides the input dataset and codes/analytical procedures required to assess the sustainable capacity of mineral production considering local water resources as a constraint. The output dataset derived from the study are also provided.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.