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43 results for “winter activity”
An emerging fungal pathogen is associated with increased resting metabolic rate and total evaporative water loss rate in a winter‐active snake
<p>1. Energy allocation tradeoffs associated with mounting metabolically costly immune responses may serve as sublethal mechanisms by which pathogens reduce host fitness. The emergence of cutaneous fungal pathogens, which invade the skin of their host and have the potential to disturb energy and water balance, highlight the importance of host physiology in determining individual- and population-level effects of disease.</p> <p>2. Snake fungal disease (SFD, ophidiomycosis), caused by the fungal pathogen <i>Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola</i> (<i>Oo</i>), is an emerging disease afflicting wild snake populations throughout eastern North America. Emaciation and dehydration are phenotypic correlates of SFD, but it is unknown if such declines in host condition occur via effects of <i>Oo</i> infection on host physiology (i.e., increased rates of metabolism and evaporative water loss, respectively).</p> <p>3. We used flow-through respirometry to assess the energetic and hydric consequences of natural <i>Oo</i> infection in winter-active pygmy rattlesnakes (<i>Sistrurus miliarius</i>). We measured resting metabolic rate (CO<sub>2</sub> production rate) and total evaporative water loss rate of winter-acclimatized <i>S. miliarius</i> as a function of SFD status and acute temperature (17, 25, and 32°C). We also used regression models characterizing individual variation in the thermal-sensitivity of resting metabolic rate to predict the theoretical effects of behavioral fever on daily resting CO<sub>2</sub> production by free-ranging <i>S. miliarius</i> with SFD in winter.</p> <p>4. Natural infection by <i>Oo</i> was associated with significant increases in resting metabolic rate (30–45%) and total evaporative water loss rate (30–40%) across all measurement temperatures. Under simulated scenarios of behavioral fever, <i>Oo</i> infection was predicted to increase daily resting CO<sub>2</sub> production rate by 58–102%.</p> <p>5. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the immune response to <i>Oo</i> infection is energetically costly and may contribute to declining host condition. Our modeling efforts combining the cumulative effects of increased immune activity and increased body temperature on metabolism represent a novel approach to quantifying the total daily energetic cost of infection in ectothermic vertebrates undergoing behavioral fever.</p>
FIGURES 27–33 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 27–33 Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov., male abdomen: 27, terga I–VI dorsal; 28, syntergite, dorsal; 29, sternum IX, ventral; 30, sternum VIII and pygidium, ventral; 31–33 aedeagus, 31, dorsal, 32, lateral, 33, ventral. Scale bar: 1.0 mm (27), 0.5 mm (28–30), 0.2 mm (31–33).
FIGURES 3–13 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 3–13 Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov.: 4–7, male head overview, 3, dorsal; 4, ventral; 5, lateral; 6, frontal; 7, posterior; 8–9, mandible; 10, antenna; 11–13, frontal tentoria, detail, 11, frontal; 12, lateral; 13, dorsal. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (3–9), 2.0 mm (10), 0.5 mm (11–13).
FIGURES 21–26 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 21–26 Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov., pterothorax and associated structures: 21, dorsal; 22, ventral; 23, lateral; 24, elytron ventral; 25, left wing; 26 pro, meso and metalegs (top-down). Scale bar: 1.0 mm (21–23), 2.0 mm (24–26).
FIGURES 1–2 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 1–2. Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov.: 1, male dorsal habitus; 2, ventral. Scale bar: 2.0 mm (1–2).
FIGURES 14–20 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 14–20 Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov., prothorax: 14, pronotum dorsal; 15, ventral; 16, frontal; 17, posterior; 18, lateral; 19, prosternum dorsal, 20, ventral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (14–20).
Data from: Winter territory prospecting is associated with life-history stage but not activity in a passerine
Finding a high quality territory is essential for many animals to reproduce successfully. Despite its importance for fitness, we know little about the process of territory prospecting in wild birds, and whether individual traits and behaviours, such as personality, co-vary with territory prospecting. Here, we use long-term data from a wild, insular house sparrow Passer domesticus population to test three hypotheses about territory fidelity and prospecting: (1) House sparrows show high territory fidelity between years and also during winter. (2) Individuals will prospect for a breeding territory during their first winter whereas older, more experienced individuals will keep a territory from previous years and will, therefore, show no or reduced winter territory prospecting. (3) More active behavioural types will prospect more than less active behavioural types. We use data from four winters from automatically, daily recorded nest-box visits of 188 birds of known age. The number of nest-boxes that each individual visited within each winter was used as a proxy of winter territory prospecting. We show that house sparrows visit multiple nest-boxes during their first winter, whereas older individuals keep territories year-round and, potentially because of this, indeed show reduced winter territory prospecting. Activity was not associated with the number of nest-boxes visited. Further research is needed to investigate whether time of territory and mate acquisition differs among individuals and the possible effect on lifetime fitness.
Data associated with study on winter activity of crapemyrtle bark scale
<p>These data files are associated with a study on the winter activity of crapemyrtle bark scale.</p>
New Psychoactive Substances in Intoxicated Patients During the Winter Activities
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04155281. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 17.
An emerging fungal pathogen is associated with increased resting metabolic rate and total evaporative water loss rate in a winter‐active snake
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Data from: Winter territory prospecting is associated with life-history stage but not activity in a passerine
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Data from: Body temperature, heart rate, and activity patterns of two boreal homeotherms in winter: homeostasis, allostasis, and ecological coexistence
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Data from: The evolution of colour polymorphism in British winter‐active Lepidoptera in response to search image use by avian predators
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Figures 1-4 from: Gottlieb Almeida AP, Zardo EL, Toni C, Behr ER, Picolli da Silva L, Vieira JP, Loro VL, Baldisserotto B (2018) Composition of gastrointestinal content, protease and lipase activities in summer and winter of four freshwater siluriforms (Teleostei: Actinopterygii) with two different feeding habits. Zoologia 35: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e13286
Figures 1-4 Species used in the analysis: (1) Rhamdia quelen; (2) Pimelodus maculatus; (3) Loricariichthys anus; (4) Hypostomus commersoni. Figures 1, 2 and 4 kindly provided by Alexssandro G. Becker and figure 3 by Luiz R. Malabarba.
Figures 10-11 from: Gottlieb Almeida AP, Zardo EL, Toni C, Behr ER, Picolli da Silva L, Vieira JP, Loro VL, Baldisserotto B (2018) Composition of gastrointestinal content, protease and lipase activities in summer and winter of four freshwater siluriforms (Teleostei: Actinopterygii) with two different feeding habits. Zoologia 35: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e13286
Figures 10-11 Lipase activity in the omnivorous R. quelen and P. maculatus and detritivorous L. anus and H. commersoni in the summer and winter: (10) anterior intestine; (11) posterior intestine. Different letters indicate significant differences between species in the same season. * Indicates a significant difference from the summer in the same segment (p < 0.05). (U, a Caraway unit) (n = 15 from each species at each season).
Figures 5-9 from: Gottlieb Almeida AP, Zardo EL, Toni C, Behr ER, Picolli da Silva L, Vieira JP, Loro VL, Baldisserotto B (2018) Composition of gastrointestinal content, protease and lipase activities in summer and winter of four freshwater siluriforms (Teleostei: Actinopterygii) with two different feeding habits. Zoologia 35: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e13286
Figures 5-9 Proteolytic enzymatic activities in the omnivorous R. quelen and P. maculatus and detritivorous L. anus and H. commersoni in the summer and winter: (5) pepsin in the stomach; (6) trypsin in the anterior intestine; (7) trypsin in the posterior intestine; (8) chymotrypsin in the anterior intestine; (9) chymotrypsin in the posterior intestine. Different letters indicate significant differences between species in the same season. * Indicates a significant difference from summer in the same segment (p < 0.05). (U, a Caraway unit) (n = 15 from each species at each season).
Figure 3 in Diurnal time-activity budget and foraging techniques of red-crested pochards (Netta rufina) wintering at the wetlands of West Bengal, India
Figure 3. Month-wise and time-wise proportional time budget of the RCPs. Values are given in percentages of the time spent in the diurnal activities (mean value ± SD; n = 32; 96-h observation).
Figure 2 from: Jaskula R, Soszyńska-Maj A (2011) What do we know about winter active ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Central and Northern Europe? ZooKeys 100: 517-532. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.100.1543
Figure 2 - The relative zoogeographical structure of winter active Carabidae (based on Leśniak 1988).
Figure 1 from: Jaskula R, Soszyńska-Maj A (2011) What do we know about winter active ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Central and Northern Europe? ZooKeys 100: 517-532. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.100.1543
Figure 1 - Comparision of subnivean, supranivean and tree trunk fauna of Carabidae from Central and Northern Europe during the winter season (based on different sources).
Cold Induced Activation of Brown Adipose Tissue in Winter Swimmers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03095846. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.