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Figs 1–10 in Protopectinus pseudoparatinus - a new genus and species of soft winged flower beetle of the tribe Apalochrini (Coleoptera: Malachiidae) from East Africa

Figs 1–10. Protopectinus pseudoparatinus Tshrernyshev gen. et sp.n., holotype, male: 1 — external appearance, dorsal view; 2 — external appearance, lateral view; 3 — left antenna; 4 — left anterior tarsus; 5 — tibia and tarsus of left intermediate leg; 6 — femur of right intermediate leg; 7 — pygidium; 8 — ultimate abdominal ventrite; 9 — aedeagus, dorsal view; 10 — tegmen. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Рис. 1–10. Protopectinus pseudoparatinus Tshrernyshev gen. et sp.n., голотип, самец: 1 — внеШний вид, дорЗально; 2 — внеШний вид латерально; 3 — левый усик; 4 — леваЯ переднЯЯ лапка; 5 — голень и лапка левой средней ноги; 6 — бедро правой средней ноги; 7 — пигидий (апикальный тергит); 8 — восьмой терминальный абдоминальный вентрит (апикальный стернит); 9 — Эдеагус, дорЗально; 10 — тегмен. МасШтаб: 0,5 мм.

Subspecies and Distribution. Vr. rueppellii Schinz, 1825 — Egypt and Sudan (Nubian Desert). V. r. caesia Thomas & Hinton, 1921 — N & W Africa. V. r. cyrenaica Festa, 1921 — SW Egypt, Lybia, extreme NW Sudan. V. r. sabaea Pocock, 1934 — Arabian Peninsula and Middle East. V. r. somaliae Thomas, 1918 — Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia. V. r. zarudny: Birula, 1913 — Baluchistan in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. in Canidae

Subspecies and Distribution. Vr. rueppellii Schinz, 1825 — Egypt and Sudan (Nubian Desert). V. r. caesia Thomas & Hinton, 1921 — N & W Africa. V. r. cyrenaica Festa, 1921 — SW Egypt, Lybia, extreme NW Sudan. V. r. sabaea Pocock, 1934 — Arabian Peninsula and Middle East. V. r. somaliae Thomas, 1918 — Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia. V. r. zarudny: Birula, 1913 — Baluchistan in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan.

Distribution. Iberian Peninsula, N Africa, and the Middle East in S Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Israel; in Sub-Saharan Africa from Senegal and Gambia to E Africa in Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Kenya and then S to Gabon, Angola, N Namibia, N Botswana, N Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and South Africa. Occurrence in Europe (Portugal and Spain) likely due to introduction from North Africa. in Herpestidae

Distribution. Iberian Peninsula, N Africa, and the Middle East in S Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Israel; in Sub-Saharan Africa from Senegal and Gambia to E Africa in Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Kenya and then S to Gabon, Angola, N Namibia, N Botswana, N Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and South Africa. Occurrence in Europe (Portugal and Spain) likely due to introduction from North Africa.

Distribution. Wide distribution in the Palearctic: from Europe to Russian Far East, North and South Korea, and Japan; also N Africa, Middle East, C Asia, Sub-Himalayan zone, S India, Sri Lanka, C, E & S China, Taiwan, Indochina, and Sumatra. in Mustelidae

Distribution. Wide distribution in the Palearctic: from Europe to Russian Far East, North and South Korea, and Japan; also N Africa, Middle East, C Asia, Sub-Himalayan zone, S India, Sri Lanka, C, E & S China, Taiwan, Indochina, and Sumatra.

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FIGURES 26 in A taxonomic review of the genus Amicta Heylaerts, 1881 in North Africa, Near and Middle East (Lepidoptera, Psychidae, Oiketicinae, Acanthopsychini)

FIGURES 26─30. Male genitalia. 26: Amicta arabica (Oman, N of Sur, near Fins, coast line, 15.xi.2017, N 22°53.630', E 059°13.371; prep. 026-2020 Sobczyk); 27: A. quadrangularis (Turkmenistan, Krasnowodsk, Transcaspia, Krasnowodsk mys Sarta; prep. 4126 Arnscheid); 28: A. nigrescens (Afganistan, Kabul; prep. 2290 Rajaei); 29: A. sericata (Iran, Ghatrouyeh, Neyriz, 1580 m, Fars Provinz, 54°42'E, 29°08'N; prep. 2301/2020 Rajaei); 30: A. davarica (S Iran, Sistan-o-Belujistan[Balichistan] prov., Takhte Malek; prep. 120-2020 Sobczyk). a: genitalia capsule; b: phallus. Scale-bar: 1 mm.

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FIGURES 18 in A taxonomic review of the genus Amicta Heylaerts, 1881 in North Africa, Near and Middle East (Lepidoptera, Psychidae, Oiketicinae, Acanthopsychini)

FIGURES 18─25. Male genitalia. 18–19: Amicta murina (18: Israel, Negev Wüste, En Avedat; prep. 4057 Arnscheid; 19: Israel, En Gedi; prep.2293/2020 Rajaei); 20: A. bouhedmaensis sp. nov. (Tunisia, Bou Hedma; prep. 4055 Arnscheid); 21–22: A. maliarda (21: Libya, Sinauen; prep. 2292/2020 Rajaei; 22: Algeria, S Biskra; prep. 2294/2020 Rajaei); 23: A. lutensis sp. nov. (Iran, Lut desert, 20 km N Bam, Shahrokh-Abad; prep. 2295/2020 Rajaei); 24: A. chambiana sp. nov. (Tunisia, ca. 10 km W Kasserine, near Chambi NP; prep. 124-2020 Sobczyk); 25: A. mauretanica (SE Algeria, Illizi env. Queed Iimhirou, 600 m; prep. GP4121 Arnscheid). a: genitalia capsule; b: phallus. Scale-bar: 1 mm.

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FIGURE 31 in A taxonomic review of the genus Amicta Heylaerts, 1881 in North Africa, Near and Middle East (Lepidoptera, Psychidae, Oiketicinae, Acanthopsychini)

FIGURE 31. Unrooted neighbour joining tree (Saitou & Nei, 1987) including five species of the genus Amicta (calculated using K2P model: Kimura 1980 with MEGA7 (Kumar et al., 2016). Highlighted taxa are discussed in the text.

FIGURE 9 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 9. Female genitalia (lamella antevaginalis and papillae analis ventral view): I. bundali (paratype, Tanzania, Bundali Hills, Gen. prep.: SAFI00213)—A; I. stewarti (Malawi, Nyika Plateau, Gen. prep.: SAFI00211)—B; I. stewarti (allotype, Zambia, Mafinga Hills)—C (redrawn from Heath's (1985) original).

FIGURE 8 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 8. Female genitalia (lateral view): I. bundali (paratype, Tanzania, Bundali Hills, Gen. prep.: SAFI00213)—A; I. stewarti (Malawi, Nyika Plateau, Gen. prep.: SAFI00211)—B; I. njombe (paratype, Tanzania, Njombe, Gen. prep.: SAFI00367)— C.

FIGURE 7 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 7. Female genitalia (lateral view): I. maritimus usambara (Tanzania, Usambara, Gen. prep.: SAFI00376)—A; I. uluguru (paratype, Tanzania, Uluguru Mountains, Gen. prep.: SAFI00370)—B, I. collinsi (paratype, Mozambique, Mount Namuli, Gen. prep.: SAFI00360)—C.

FIGURE 5 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 5. Male genitalia (dorsal view): I. maritimus usambara (Tanzania, Usambara, Gen. prep.: SAFI00375)—A; I. uluguru (holotype, Gen. prep.: SAFI00369)—B; I. collinsi (holotype, Gen. prep.: SAFI00359)—C; I. njombe (Tanzania, Njombe)—D; I. stewarti (Malawi, Nyika Plateau, Gen. prep.: SAFI00210)—E; I. bundali (holotype, Gen. prep.: SAFI00212)—F.

FIGURE 3 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 3. Male genitalia: I. maritimus usambara (Tanzania, Usambara, Gen. prep.: SAFI00375) lateral view—A, aedeagus— D; I. uluguru (holotype, Gen. prep.: SAFI00369) lateral view—B, aedeagus—E; I. collinsi (holotype, Gen. prep.: SAFI00359) lateral view—C, aedeagus—F; I. njombe (Tanzania, Njombe, Gen. prep.: SAFI00366) laterial view—G, aedeagus—J; I. stewarti (Malawi, Nyika Plateau, Gen. prep.: SAFI00210) lateral view—H, aedeagus—K; I. bundali (holotype, Gen. prep.: SAFI00212) lateral view—I, aedeagus—L.

FIGURE 2 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 2. Males: I. maritimus usambara (Tanzania, Usambara) upperside—A, underside—D; I. uluguru (holotype) upperside—B, underside—E; I. collinsi (holotype) upperside—C, underside—F; I. njombe (holotype) upperside—G, underside—J; I. stewarti (Malawi, Nyika Plateau) upperside—H, underside—K; I. bundali (holotype) upperside—I, underside—L.

FIGURE 1 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 1. Male genitalia: I. maritimus maritimus (redrawn from Stempffer & Bennett's (1958) original). Uncus, subunci and vinculum with triangular process or cingulum, as referred to by Stempffer & Bennett (1958)—A, valvae and fultura inferior—B, aedeagus—C; I. maritimus usambara (redrawn from Stempffer's (1961) original). Uncus, subunci and vinculum with triangular process or cingulum—D, valvae and fultura inferior—E, aedeagus—F.

FIGURE 6 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 6. Females: I. maritimus usambara (Tanzania, Usambara) upperside—A, underside—D; I. uluguru (paratype, Tanzania, Uluguru Mountains) upperside—B, underside—E; I. collinsi (paratype, Mozambique, Mount Namuli) upperside—C, underside—F; I. njombe (paratype, Tanzania, Njombe) upperside—G, underside—J; I. stewarti (Malawi, Nyika Plateau) upperside—H, underside—K; I. bundali (paratype, Tanzania, Bundali Hills) upperside—I, underside—L.

FIGURE 10 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 10. Known localities of species in the Iolaus maritimus species group. Only type localities and identifications confirmed via examination of genitalia are illustrated.

FIGURE 4 in Description of four IolausHübner, 1819species in the subgenus PhiliolausStempffer & Bennett, 1958 from East Africa, assigned to the proposed I. maritimus species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

FIGURE 4. Male genitalia (posterior view): I. maritimus usambara (Tanzania, Usambara, Gen. prep.: SAFI00375)—A; I. uluguru (holotype, Gen. prep.: SAFI00369)—B; I. collinsi (holotype, Gen. prep.: SAFI00359)—C; I. njombe (Tanzania, Njombe)— D; I. stewarti (Malawi, Nyika Plateau, Gen. prep.: SAFI00210)—E; I. bundali (holotype, Gen. prep.: SAFI00212)—F.

Subspecies and Distribution. P. p. pardus Linnaeus, 1758 — Sudan and NE Zaire. P. p. adersi Pocock, 1932 — Zanzibar I (could be extinct). P. p. adusta Pocock, 1927 — Ethiopian highlands. P. p. ciscaucasicus Satunin, 1914 — Caucasus mountains. P. p. dathei Zukowsky, 1959 — S and C Iran (of dubious validity). P. p. delacouri Pocock, 1930 — S China to Malay Peninsula. P. p. fusca Meyer, 1794 — Indian subcontinent. P. p. japonensis Gray, 1862 — NC China. P. p. jarvisi Pocock, 1932 — Sinai Peninsula. P. p. kotiya Deraniyagala, 1949 — Sri Lanka. P. p. leopardus Schreber, 1777 — Rain forests of W and C Africa. P. p. melanotica Gunther, 1775 — S Africa. P. p. melas Cuvier, 1809 — Java. P. p. nanopardus Thomas, 1904 — Somali arid zone. P. p. nimr Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833 —S Israel to Arabian peninsula. P. p. orientalis Schlegel, 1857 — Russian Far East, Korea, and NE China. P. p. panthera Schreber, 1777 — N Africa. P. p. pernigra Gray, 1863 — Kashmir through Nepal to SW Xizang and Sichuan. P. p. reichenow: Cabrera, 1918 — Savannas of Cameroon. P. p. ruwenzori Camerano, 1906 — Ruwenzori and Virunga mountains of Zaire, Rwanda, and Burundi. P. p. saxicolor Pocock, 1927 — N Iran and S Turkmenistan E to Afghanistan. P. p. sindica Pocock, 1930 — SE Afghanistan through W and S Pakistan. P. p. suahelicus Neumann, 1900 — E Africa, from Kenya S to Mozambique. P. p. tulliana Valenciennes, 1856 — Turkey. in Felidae

Subspecies and Distribution. P. p. pardus Linnaeus, 1758 — Sudan and NE Zaire. P. p. adersi Pocock, 1932 — Zanzibar I (could be extinct). P. p. adusta Pocock, 1927 — Ethiopian highlands. P. p. ciscaucasicus Satunin, 1914 — Caucasus mountains. P. p. dathei Zukowsky, 1959 — S and C Iran (of dubious validity). P. p. delacouri Pocock, 1930 — S China to Malay Peninsula. P. p. fusca Meyer, 1794 — Indian subcontinent. P. p. japonensis Gray, 1862 — NC China. P. p. jarvisi Pocock, 1932 — Sinai Peninsula. P. p. kotiya Deraniyagala, 1949 — Sri Lanka. P. p. leopardus Schreber, 1777 — Rain forests of W and C Africa. P. p. melanotica Gunther, 1775 — S Africa. P. p. melas Cuvier, 1809 — Java. P. p. nanopardus Thomas, 1904 — Somali arid zone. P. p. nimr Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833 —S Israel to Arabian peninsula. P. p. orientalis Schlegel, 1857 — Russian Far East, Korea, and NE China. P. p. panthera Schreber, 1777 — N Africa. P. p. pernigra Gray, 1863 — Kashmir through Nepal to SW Xizang and Sichuan. P. p. reichenow: Cabrera, 1918 — Savannas of Cameroon. P. p. ruwenzori Camerano, 1906 — Ruwenzori and Virunga mountains of Zaire, Rwanda, and Burundi. P. p. saxicolor Pocock, 1927 — N Iran and S Turkmenistan E to Afghanistan. P. p. sindica Pocock, 1930 — SE Afghanistan through W and S Pakistan. P. p. suahelicus Neumann, 1900 — E Africa, from Kenya S to Mozambique. P. p. tulliana Valenciennes, 1856 — Turkey.

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Subspecies and Distribution. M.e. emarginatus E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1806 — Europe and N Africa, including most larger Mediterranean Is, E to Caucasus and Middle East. M.e. desertorum Dobson, 1875 — Asian part of range E of Caucasus. in Vespertilionidae

Subspecies and Distribution. M.e. emarginatus E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1806 — Europe and N Africa, including most larger Mediterranean Is, E to Caucasus and Middle East. M.e. desertorum Dobson, 1875 — Asian part of range E of Caucasus.