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2,603 results for “Ecological data”
Data from: Thermal adaptation best explains Bergmann's and Allen's rule across ecologically diverse shorebirds
<p>Bergmann's and Allen's rules state that endotherms should be larger and have shorter appendages in cooler climates. However, the drivers of these rules are not clear. Both rules could be explained by adaptation for improved thermoregulation, including plastic responses to temperature in early life. Non-thermal explanations are also plausible as climate impacts other factors that influence size and shape, including starvation risk, predation risk, and foraging ecology. We assess the potential drivers of Bergmann's and Allen's rules in 30 shorebird species using extensive field data (>200,000 observations). We show birds in hot, tropical northern Australia have longer bills and smaller bodies than conspecifics in temperate, southern Australia, conforming with both ecogeographical rules. This pattern is consistent across ecologically diverse species, including migratory birds that spend early life in the Arctic. Our findings best support the hypothesis that thermoregulatory adaptation to warm climates drives latitudinal patterns in shorebird size and shape. </p>
Ecological and geographical marginality in rear edge populations of Palaearctic forest birds (data)
<p>The centre–periphery hypothesis predicts that habitat suitability will decrease at the edge of a species' range, a pattern often questioned by empirical data. Here we explore if habitat suitability decreases southwards and shapes the abundance distribution of rear edge populations of forest birds within the restricted geographical setting of the south-western Palaearctic. We also test if birds endemic to the area fit more poorly to the latitudinal decrease of habitat suitability due to the putative effect of adaptations to regional conditions. Location: North-western Africa (Morocco) Time period: Present day Major taxa studied: Passerines (11 species) Methods: Bird occurrences were used to model species distribution and line transects were used to estimate bird abundance. Occurrence probabilities provided by species distribution models were used to display the spatial patterning of habitat suitability. Habitat suitability was employed to predict abundance after controlling for the effect of the distance to some regional source areas of forest birds (tree covered large areas). The species were classified as North African endemic according to an updated review of their taxonomic status. Results: Habitat suitability decreased southwards, supporting the predicted relationship between ecological and geographical marginality in most species. Abundance was positively correlated to habitat suitability and negatively correlated to distance to source areas. The taxonomic status of birds did not affect the patterns. Main conclusions: The southward decrease of habitat suitability predicted by the centre–periphery hypothesis shapes the distribution of rear edge populations of forest birds within the south-western Palaearctic. As most of these populations are endemic, the results suggest that they track the gradients in isolation within the geographical setting of north-western Africa. These results support the vulnerability of these isolated, peripheral populations of forest birds to large-scale environmental changes in a region under the effect of increasing drought and temperature.</p>
Survey data Agro-ecological farming in Protected Areas
<p>“Produce better, eat well" is the subtitle of the Good Food Strategy of the Brussels-Capital Region. Can (sub)urban protected areas simultaneously contribute to this challenge and support biodiversity? In order to find inspiring cases, we launched an online survey in English, French and Dutch and spread it through networks on agro-ecological farming and nature conservation. We identified 76 Western-European cases of agro-ecological farming in protected areas. This database includes all of these cases. The survey was followed by in-depth interviews and the findings were summarized in this report.</p>
Data for: Evolutionary interactions between thermal ecology and sexual selection
<p>Thermal ecology and mate competition are both pervasive features of ecological adaptation. A surge of recent work has uncovered the diversity of ways in which temperature affects mating interactions and sexual selection. However, the potential for thermal biology and reproductive ecology to evolve together as organisms adapt to their thermal environment has been underappreciated. Here, we develop a series of hypotheses regarding (1) not only how thermal ecology affects mating system dynamics, but also how mating dynamics can generate selection on thermal traits; and (2) how the thermal consequences of mate competition favor the reciprocal co-adaptation of thermal biology and sexual traits. We discuss our hypotheses in the context of both pre-copulatory and post-copulatory processes. We also call for future work integrating experimental and phylogenetic comparative approaches to understand evolutionary feedbacks between thermal ecology and sexual selection. Overall, studying reciprocal feedbacks between thermal ecology and sexual selection may be necessary to understand how organisms have adapted to the environments of the past and could persist in the environments of the future.</p>
Ecological data of Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima in the Gulf of Naples
<p>We present ecological information regarding the diatom <em>Pseudo-nitzschia allochrona </em>and other <em>P. delicatissima</em>-like species, collected in surface waters at long term ecological research (LTER) site, LTER-MC, in the Gulf of NAples. Cell density data were obtained for the group including <em>P, allochrona</em>, <em>P. arenysensis</em>, <em>P. delicatissima </em>and <em>P. dolorosa</em>, which are not distinguishable in light microscopy, and are presented along with temperature, salinity and nutrient data collected simultaneously. Based on molecular data from isolated strain and metabarcoding, <em>Pseudo-nitzschia</em><em> allochrona </em>was shown to occur invariably only in summer and autumn, whereas the other three species were always detected in winter or spring. We arbitrarily attributed autumn-winter density data to P. allochrona and spring-summer ones to the other three species. This way we could investigate the ecological niche of <em>P. allochrona</em> compared to that of the closely related species.</p>
AngleCam publication data (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, MEE)
<p>These datasets were the basis for the study Kattenborn et al. 2022 published in Methods in Ecology and Evolution (MEE).</p> <p>The dataset includes:<br> - leaf_angle_reference_data: The image data with corresponding leaf angle distributions derived from visual interpretation. Note, that not for each image reference data exists. The corresponding scripts will only select data with available labels.<br> - leaf_angle_predictions_canopy_crane: The predictions obtained using AngleCam for the image time series recorded at the canopy crane. The raw image data amounts to several hundreds of gigabytes and can be obtained from the corresponding author.<br> - environmental_variables: The environmental variables recorded at the Leipzig Canopy Crane recorded in 2021 in 10 minute intervals. The folders lak1*, lak2* and lak3* correspond to consecutive periods (lak1 was recorded before lak2 and so forth). These predictions can be merged according to their time stamp.</p> <p>Questions can be addressed to Teja Kattenborn: https://rsc4earth.de/authors/tkattenborn/</p> <p>The trained models and further ressources are available under: </p> <pre>https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6812085</pre>
Data for: Social-ecological vulnerability of fishing communities to climate change: a U.S. West Coast case study
<p><span>Climate change is already impacting coastal communities, and ongoing and future </span><span>shifts in fisheries species productivity from climate change have implications for the </span><span>livelihoods and cultures of coastal communities. Harvested marine species in the </span><span>California Current Large Marine Ecosystem support U.S. West Coast communities </span><span>economically, socially, and culturally. Ecological vulnerability assessments exist for </span><span>individual species in the California Current but ecological and human vulnerability are </span><span>linked and vulnerability is expected to vary by community. Here, we present </span><span>automatable, reproducible methods for assessing the vulnerability of U.S. West Coast </span><span>fishing-dependent communities to climate change within a social-ecological </span><span>vulnerability framework. We first assessed the ecological risk of marine resources, on </span><span>which fishing communities rely, to 50 years of climate change projections. We then </span><span>combined this with the adaptive capacity of fishing communities, based on social </span><span>indicators, to assess the potential ability of communities to cope with future changes. </span><span>Specific communities (particularly in Washington state) were determined to be at risk to </span><span>climate change mainly due to economic reliance on at risk marine fisheries species, </span><span>like salmon, hake, or sea urchins. But, due to higher social adaptive capacity, these </span><span>communities were often not found to be the most vulnerable overall. Conversely, </span><span>certain communities that were not the most at risk, ecologically and economically, </span><span>ranked in the category of highly vulnerable communities due to low adaptive capacity </span><span>based on social indicators (particularly in Southern California). Certain communities </span><span>were both ecologically at risk due to catch composition and socially vulnerable (low </span><span>adaptive capacity) leading to the highest tier of vulnerability. The integration of climatic, </span><span>ecological, economic, and societal data reveals that factors underlying vulnerability are </span><span>variable across fishing communities on the U.S West Coast, and suggests the need to </span><span>develop a variety of well-aligned strategies to adapt to the ecological impacts of climate </span><span>change.</span></p>
Data from: First application of dental microwear texture analysis to infer theropod feeding ecology
<p>Theropods were the dominating apex predators in most Jurassic and Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems. Their feeding ecology has always been of great interest, and new computational methods have yielded more detailed reconstructions of differences in theropod feedings behaviour. Many approaches however rely on well-preserved skulls. Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is potentially applicable to isolated teeth, and here employed for the first time to investigate dietary ecology of theropods. In particular, we test whether tyrannosaurids show DMT associated with more hard-object feeding than compared to Allosaurus – which would be a sign for higher levels of osteophagy, as has often been suggested. We find no significant difference in complexity and roughness of enamel surfaces between Herrerasaurus, Allosaurus, and tyrannosaurids, which conflicts with inferences of more frequent osteophagic behaviour in Tyrannosaurus as compared to other theropods. Orientation of wear features reveals a more pronounced bi-directional puncture-and-pull feeding mode in Allosaurus than in tyrannosaurids. Our results further indicate ontogenetic niche shift in theropods and crocodylians, significantly larger height parameters in juvenile theropods might indicate frequent scavenging, resulting in more bone-tooth contact during feeding. Overall, DMTA is found to be very similar between theropods and extant large, broad-snouted crocodylians and shows great similarity in feeding ecology of theropod apex predators throughout the Mesozoic.</p>
Data for: Mapping the ecological resilience of Atlantic postglacial heaths
<p>Anthropogenic heathlands are semi-cultural ecosystems with a unique cultural and biodiversity value, considered worthy of preservation across most of the world. Their rate of loss, however, is alarming. Currently, we know little about the heathlands' actual span of instability and their association with abiotic and anthropogenic factors, including how much additional intervention they need to persist. Consequently, we are missing out on vital knowledge for conservation, management, and the historical persistence of heathlands. This paper develops a method to assess the ecological resilience of Atlantic inland heaths in the absence of human management. We use 12 existing cases of heathland succession to establish a four-step resilience grade for each site, which we regress onto a series of explaining factors and use in predicting postglacial heath resilience across Atlantic Northern Europe. We find that temperature, humidity, elevation and sandiness have a positive correlation with high heathland resilience. Our predictive mapping shows an uneven distribution of ecological heath resilience across Atlantic Northern Europe within an area of 1000x1200 km of 5x5 km resolution. Compared with archaeological and palaeoecological evidence, prehistoric heathland distributions far exceed areas that afford high heath resilience, suggesting that heath distribution and persistence depends on both abiotic and anthropogenic factors. Policy implications: The predictive map can be used as an initial screening tool for managers working towards heath preservation and restoration to predict resilience, prioritize conservation, and to plan management practices across Atlantic Northern Europe. The developed model and predictive map provide an important initial screening tool to assess heathland resilience for ecologists and will help managers to prioritize conservation efforts of heathland ecosystems. The results are equally relevant for scholars who are interested in humans' role in increasing and decreasing ecosystem resilience. Moreover, we speculate that our predictive method can be applied in other regions across the world by adding regionally-specific variables.</p>
Baltic Sea stable isotope ecology meta-data collection
<p>Stable isotope analysis (SIA) has become a pivotal method in food web and ecological research, leading to the establishment of the research field "stable isotope ecology". We conducted the first systematic review of stable isotope studies in this field in the Baltic Sea macro-region (Eglite et al. 2022). The meta-data collection provided here includes the information extracted from all 164 studies identified in the systematic review across various dimensions (topic, space, time, taxonomic, and technical focus), but not primary stable isotope data. The first published version of this meta-data collection represents the status as of July 10, 2021, and was used to filter and extract meta-data to produce the figures and tables in the review by Eglite et al. (2022). The meta-data collection is a resource for both experienced isotope ecologists and newcomers to grasp and access all published Baltic Sea SIA work on any fundamental or applied research topic, sub-region, taxon, or trophic group of interest. It also represents an ideal foundation for an envisioned "Baltic Isobank" database of primary stable isotope data, following the vision outlined in Eglite et al. (2022). We will provide regular updates of the meta-data collection in the Dryad repository, based on new runs of the systematic review query and including any additions of research papers and corrections received from the stable isotope ecology community. For this purpose, we encourage researchers to inform us about newly published research papers employing stable isotopes in the Baltic Sea ecology field by sending an e-mail with the publication reference to baltic-isobank@geomar.de.</p>
Data from: New perspectives on soil animal trophic ecology through the lens of C and N stable isotope ratios of oribatid mites
<p>Knowledge of the trophic ecology of soil animals is important for understanding their high alpha diversity as well as their functional role in soil food webs and systems. In the last 20 years, the analysis of natural variations in stable isotope ratios (<sup>15</sup>N/<sup>14</sup>N, <sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C) has revolutionized our view on soil animal trophic ecology. Here, we review the state of the art of the trophic ecology of a highly abundant and diverse soil animal taxon, oribatid mites (Oribatida), investigated by stable isotope analyses. The review is based on 25 papers reporting stable isotope data of 292 oribatid mite taxa from 30 different sites. Four main findings emerged. (1) Oribatid mites cluster into six trophic groups, i.e. moss feeders, lichen feeders, primary decomposers, fungal feeders/secondary decomposers, predators/scavengers and marine algal feeders, plus one additional group, which incorporates CaCO<sub>3</sub> in their cuticle for defence but still belongs to the fungal feeders/secondary decomposers group. (2) Of the 292 species studied 43.7% were classified as fungal feeders/secondary decomposers, 27.0% as primary decomposers and 15.7% as predators/scavengers, only few species include CaCO<sub>3</sub> into their skeleton (6.1%), feed on lichens (4.9%), mosses (2.1%) or marine algae (0.7%). (3) In about one-third of the species studied the trophic niche was constant or varied little between sites or habitats, but in two-thirds of the species, their trophic niche varied between habitats, with some species even shifting trophic levels, indicating trophic plasticity. (4) When aggregated at higher taxonomic level oribatid mite species clustered in only three instead of six trophic groups. This indicates that species within the same high-level taxon often belong to different trophic groups, for example, because feeding habits evolved convergently. Therefore, to accurately reflect the trophic ecology of oribatid mites their stable isotope signatures need to be analysed at the species level. However, stable isotope analyses also have limitations, e.g. feeding on bacteria and fungi cannot be separated, and the same is true for feeding on ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Other methods such as fatty acid, amino acid and molecular gut content analyses as well as microbiome analyses may complement stable isotope studies and resolve oribatid mite trophic niche differentiation at a higher resolution. This will contribute to a better understanding of the local coexistence of large numbers of species in soil. Finally, we provide perspectives on how to integrate microarthropods into soil food webs using stable isotope and other methods allowing deeper insight into their<br>trophic structure.</p>
Data and supplementary materials from: Large genetic divergence underpins cryptic local adaptation across ecological and evolutionary gradients
<p><span>Environmentally covarying local adaptation is a form of cryptic local adaptation in which the covariance of the genetic and environmental effects on a phenotype obscures the divergence between locally adapted genotypes. Here, we systematically document the magnitude and drivers of the genetic effect (V<sub>G</sub>) for two forms of environmentally covarying local adaptation: counter- and cogradient variation. Using a hierarchical Bayesian meta-analysis, we calculated the overall effect size of V<sub>G</sub> as 1.05 and 2.13 for populations exhibiting countergradient or cogradient variation, respectively. These results indicate that the genetic contribution to phenotypic variation represents a 1.05 to 2.13 standard deviation change in trait value between the most disparate populations depending on if populations are expressing counter- or cogradient variation. We also found that while there was substantial variance among abiotic and biotic covariates, the covariates with the largest mean effects were temperature (2.41) and gamete size (2.81). Our results demonstrate the pervasiveness and large genetic effects underlying environmentally covarying local adaptation in wild populations and highlights the importance of accounting for these effects in future studies.</span></p>
Raw data for: Novel food resources and conservation of ecological interactions between the Andean Araucaria and the Austral parakeet
<p><span>In fragile ecosystems, the introduction of exotic species could alter some ecological processes. The Austral parakeet (<em>Enicognathus</em> <em>ferrugineous</em>) shows close ecological and evolutionary relationships with the Andean Araucaria (<em>Araucaria</em> <em>araucana</em>), so any alteration in these interactions may have negative consequences for both partners and for ecosystem functioning and structure. We conducted extensive roadside surveys to estimate the abundance of parakeets in the northern Patagonian Andes over four years and recorded the food plants consumed by foraging flocks. The use of native habitats and humanized areas like villages and farms was influenced by Araucaria seed crop. In masting years, the large seed crop allowed a massive use of this resource during the non-breeding season, and even during the breeding season. The exploitation of exotic plants was minor in the masting year, but became predominant in non-masting years, especially during the non-breeding season. This feeding switch towards exotic plants primarily arose because the low Araucaria seed crop in non-masting years is entirely consumed just after production by domestic and wild exotic mammals living in Araucaria forests year-round, thus forcing the displacement of parakeets towards anthropic habitats to exploit exotic plants. Given the degradation of the remaining Andean Araucaria forests due to the impact of exotic mammals on the ecological interaction between Araucaria and Austral parakeets, ambitious programs to exclude or reduce the density of these alien mammals, including livestock, are warranted. </span></p>
Data supplementing the article "Avoiding quantification bias in metabarcoding: application of a cell biovolume correction factor in diatom molecular biomonitoring" V. Vasselon, A. Bouchez, F. Rimet, S. Jacquet, R. Trobajo, M. Corniquel, K. Tapolczai, I. Domaizon submitted to Methods in Ecology and Evolution journal
<p>These data supplement the article "Avoiding quantification bias in metabarcoding: application of a cell biovolume correction factor in diatom molecular biomonitoring" V. Vasselon, A. Bouchez, F. Rimet, S. Jacquet, R. Trobajo, M. Corniquel, K. Tapolczai, I. Domaizon submitted to Methods in Ecology and Evolution journal</p> <p>The directory contains the following files:</p> <p>1<strong>5 fastq files raw reads (5 mock communities, 3 replicates)</strong><strong>.rar </strong>- contains the 15 fastq files provided by the sequencing platform with demultiplexed DNA reads (raw data prior any bioinformatics treatments).</p> <p><strong>15 fastq files information.xlsx</strong> :</p> <p>- contains the information relative to the 15 fastq files corresponding to the PGM raw data of the 5 mock communities (sequenced with 3 replicates), including: the ID of the fastq files, the mock community name, the replicate number, the final sample Id and the number of raw reads per fastq file.</p> <p>- contains the information of the proportion of the 8 diatoms species (%) used to create the 5 mock communities (estimated from microscopy).</p>
Data from: Comparative reproductive ecology of Old and New World Trogons, an order in decline across the world
<p><span>Many tropical species show declining populations. The pantropical order Trogoniformes has 76% of its species ranked as declining, reflecting a world-wide problem. Here we report on the reproductive ecology and life history traits of the declining and near-threatened old world Whitehead's Trogon (<em>Harpactes whiteheadi</em>), the declining new world Collared Trogon (<em>Trogon collaris</em>) and the stable Masked Trogon (<em>T. personatus</em>). We also reviewed the literature on reproductive ecology and life history traits of trogons to assess possible commonalities that might help explain population declines. We found that the declining Whitehead's and Masked Trogons had reasonable nest success (32% and 25%, respectively), while the stable Masked Trogon had poor reproductive success (9%), all contrary to population trends. However, the limited literature data suggested that poor reproductive success may be common among trogons, which may contribute to population declines. Parents fed young at a low rate and had long on-bouts for incubation and nestling warming that reduced activity at the nest, as favored by high nest predation risk over evolutionary time. We found that young fledged from the nest with poorly developed wings, as also favored by high nest predation risk. Evolved nestling periods among trogon species suggests that poor wing development is likely common. Wing development has been shown to affect juvenile survival after leaving the nest. The poor wing development may be an important contributor to population declines that deserves more attention. Evolved life history traits are important to recognize as creating population vulnerabilities in a changing world. </span></p>
Data for: Social-ecological predictors of spotted hyena navigation through a shared landscape
<p>Human-wildlife interactions are increasing in severity due to climate change and proliferating urbanization. Regions where human infrastructure and activity are rapidly densifying or newly appearing constitute novel environments in which wildlife must learn to coexist with people, thereby serving as ideal case studies with which to infer future human-wildlife interactions in shared landscapes.<em> </em>As a widely reviled and behaviorally plastic apex predator, the spotted hyena (<em>Crocuta crocuta</em>) is a model species for understanding how large carnivores navigate these human-caused 'landscapes of fear' in a changing world. Using high-resolution GPS collar data, we applied resource selection functions and step selection functions to assess spotted hyena landscape navigation and fine-scale movement decisions in relation to social-ecological features in a rapidly developing region comprising two protected areas: Lake Nakuru National Park and Soysambu Conservancy, Kenya. We then used camera trap imagery and Barrier Behavior Analysis (BaBA) to further examine hyena interactions with barriers. Our results show that environmental factors, linear infrastructure, human-carnivore conflict hotspots, and human tolerance were all important predictors for landscape-scale resource selection by hyenas, while human experience elements were less important for fine-scale hyena movement decisions. Hyena selection for these characteristics also changed seasonally and across land management types. Camera traps documented an exceptionally high number of individual spotted hyenas (234) approaching the national park fence at 16 sites during the study period, and BaBA results suggested that hyenas perceive protected area boundaries' semi-permeable electric fences as risky but may cross them out of necessity. Our findings highlight that the ability of carnivores to flexibly respond within human-caused landscapes of fear may be expressed differently depending on context, scale, and climatic factors. These results also point to the need to incorporate societal factors into multiscale analyses of wildlife movement to effectively plan for human-wildlife coexistence.</p>
Assessing Pairwise Ecological Association Inference using a novel Ecological Network Inference Simulation-Validation Framework - Data Repository
<p>Accompanying data for manuscript entitled "<span>A novel Network Inference Simulation-Validation Framework for Assessment of Ecological Network Inference Performance</span>" whose submission is imminent.</p>
Data from: Dine and dash: How trophic ecology and migration shape functional locomotory traits in Clupeiform fishes
<p>Understanding how interactions between multiple selective forces influence traits at the macroevolutionary scale is key to understanding adaptive landscapes. Diadromy, an extreme form of migration between marine and freshwater environments, is thought to require locomotory traits conducive to long-distance migration. Yet, other selective forces, such as predator avoidance, habitat use, and prey acquisition, are also likely to shape locomotory adaptation in fishes. We examined how diadromy and trophic ecology together influenced locomotory trait diversity across <em>Clupeiformes</em>, a clade of fishes containing high trophic diversity and numerous transitions to diadromy. We found that both diadromy and trophic ecology influenced the pattern and pace of trait evolution. Diadromous taxa rapidly evolved traits characterized by high cruising efficiency, but the extent to which diadromous and non-diadromous taxa differed depended on their trophic ecology. Macropredators showed greater differences in locomotory traits between diadromous and non-diadromous taxa than phytodetritivores and micropredators, suggesting that traits conducive to migration might be most costly to consumers of evasive prey. This work shows that simultaneously characterizing the roles of multiple ecological or life-history factors in phenotypic evolution can bring the topography of adaptive landscapes into sharper focus and provide a more holistic view of the forces driving patterns of trait evolution.</p>
Data for "Testing for variation in photoperiodic plasticity in a butterfly: inconsistent effects of circadian genes between geographic scales" (Ecology and Evolution, accepted manuscript)
<p>Raw data and analysis scripts belonging to <em>Testing for variation in photoperiodic plasticity in a butterfly: inconsistent effects of circadian genes between geographic scales</em> (Ecology and Evolution, accepted manuscript).</p> <p>Includes data from a photoperiodic assay with larvae of the speckled wood butterfly, <em>Pararge aegeria</em>, as well as a small bioinformatic analysis of SNP variation in two circadian candidate genes.</p> <p>List of files:</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>statistics_and_figures.R</td> <td>Statistical analysis of phenotyping experiment; drawing figures</td> </tr> <tr> <td>variant_calling.sh</td> <td>Shell script for mapping sequencing reads; calling and tabulating SNPs</td> </tr> <tr> <td>experiment_diapause.txt</td> <td>Data from phenotyping experiment, for analysis of diapause induction</td> </tr> <tr> <td>experiment_larval</td> <td>Data from phenotyping experiment, for analysis of larval development</td> </tr> <tr> <td>snptable_timeless</td> <td>Tabulated allele frequencies for exonic SNPs in timeless</td> </tr> <tr> <td>snptable_period</td> <td>Tabulated allele frequencies for exonic SNPs in period</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Data from: Genetic divergence and one-way gene flow influence contemporary evolution and ecology of a partially migratory fish
<p>Recent work has revealed the importance of contemporary evolution for shaping ecological outcomes. In particular, rapid evolutionary divergence between populations has been shown to impact the ecology of populations, communities, and ecosystems. While studies have focused largely on the role of adaptive divergence in generating ecologically-important variation among populations, much less is known about the role of gene flow in shaping ecological outcomes. After divergence, populations may continue to interact through gene flow, which may influence evolutionary and ecological processes. Here we investigate the role of gene flow in shaping the contemporary evolution and ecology of recently diverged populations of anadromous steelhead / resident rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>). Results show that resident rainbow trout introduced above waterfalls have diverged evolutionarily from downstream anadromous steelhead, which were the source of introductions. However, the movement of fish from above to below the waterfalls has facilitated gene flow, which has reshaped genetic and phenotypic variation in the anadromous source population. In particular, gene flow has led to an increased frequency of residency, which in turn has altered population density, size-structure, and sex ratio. This result establishes gene flow as a contemporary evolutionary process that can have important ecological outcomes. From a management perspective, anadromous steelhead are generally regarded as a higher conservation priority than resident rainbow trout, even when found within the same watershed. Our results show that anadromous and resident <em>O. mykiss</em> populations may be connected via gene flow, with important ecological consequences. Such eco-evolutionary processes should be considered when managing recently diverged populations connected by gene flow.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.