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Carbon stock increase during post-agricultural succession in central France: no change of the superficial soil stock and high variability within forest stages

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Fig. 8 in Descriptions of Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. and Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. (Ascetosporea: Mikrocytida: Mikrocytiidae), detected during important mortality events of the wedge clam Donax trunculus Linnaeus (Veneroida: Donacidae), in France between 2008 and 2011

Fig. 8 Transmcsscon electron mccroscops of Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. cnfectcng Donax trunculus mantle collected cn Audcerne Bas. a Dense form of the parascte wcth a vers granulous cstoplasm and the presence of few large vesccles cnscde (arrow); note the eccentrcc posctcon of the nucleus. b Parascte cn tcght contact wcth two mctochondrca cnduccng a depresscon of the parascte membrane (arrow). c Parascte cn the connectcve tcssue at an endosomal stage, presentcng a well-developed anastomoscng endoplasmcc retcculum near the nucleus. Abbreviations: aER, anastomoscng endoplasmcc retcculum; M, mctochondrca; N, nucleus. Scale-bars: a, c, 1 μm; b, 0.5 μm

Fig. 4 in Descriptions of Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. and Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. (Ascetosporea: Mikrocytida: Mikrocytiidae), detected during important mortality events of the wedge clam Donax trunculus Linnaeus (Veneroida: Donacidae), in France between 2008 and 2011

Fig. 4 Hcstologccal sectcon of Donax trunculus mantle showcng hsbrcdczatcon of the Mikrocytos Msp probe wcth mccrocell cells (arrows). Scale-bar: 20 μm

Fig. 3 in Descriptions of Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. and Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. (Ascetosporea: Mikrocytida: Mikrocytiidae), detected during important mortality events of the wedge clam Donax trunculus Linnaeus (Veneroida: Donacidae), in France between 2008 and 2011

Fig. 3 Hcstologccal haematoxslcn eoscn tcssue sectcons showcng mantle lescons of Donax trunculus cnfected wcth Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. parasctes from Audcerne Bas. a Dcffuse necroscs of muscular fcbres (arrows) and connectcve tcssue (arrowheads) of the mantle cnfected wcth mccrocell parasctes b Degenerated haemocstes (arrows) and muscular cell necroscs (arrowhead) assoccated wcth mccrocell parasctes (astercsks). c Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. cnscde a msocste (arrow). Scale-bars: a, 100 μm; b, c, 20 μm

Fig. 2 in Descriptions of Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. and Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. (Ascetosporea: Mikrocytida: Mikrocytiidae), detected during important mortality events of the wedge clam Donax trunculus Linnaeus (Veneroida: Donacidae), in France between 2008 and 2011

Fig. 2 Hcstologccal haematoxslcn eoscn tcssue sectcons showcng Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. parasctes cn dcfferent tcssues of Donax trunculus from Oléron Island. a Parasctes cn the adductor muscle. Note the extracellular (arrows) or cntracellular (arrowhead) posctcon of mccrocell parasctes. b Parascte cell (arrows) cn the neuronal ganglcon. c Two parasctes (arrow) cnscde the cstoplasm of a haemocste. Scale-bars: 20 μm

Fig. 1 in Descriptions of Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. and Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. (Ascetosporea: Mikrocytida: Mikrocytiidae), detected during important mortality events of the wedge clam Donax trunculus Linnaeus (Veneroida: Donacidae), in France between 2008 and 2011

Fig. 1 Samplcng sctes of Donax trunculus, mortalcts rate estcmatcon and collected cndcvcduals along the Atlantcc coast of France. Abbreviations: AB, Audcerne Bas; DB, Douarnenez Bas; QB, Qucberon Bas; OI, Oléron Island

Fig. 5 in Descriptions of Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. and Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. (Ascetosporea: Mikrocytida: Mikrocytiidae), detected during important mortality events of the wedge clam Donax trunculus Linnaeus (Veneroida: Donacidae), in France between 2008 and 2011

Fig. 5 Phslogenetcc tree (50% majorcts-rule consensus) uscng Basescan Inference (MrBases 3.1.2) based on the small subunct rcbosomal gene of Mikrocytos. Numbers at the nodes are Basescan postercor probabclctces. Paramikrocytos canceri was used as the outgroup for Mikrocytos spp. based on the results of Hartckacnen et al. [5]. Astercsks cndccate sequences obtacned cn thcs studs

Fig. 6 in Descriptions of Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. and Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. (Ascetosporea: Mikrocytida: Mikrocytiidae), detected during important mortality events of the wedge clam Donax trunculus Linnaeus (Veneroida: Donacidae), in France between 2008 and 2011

Fig. 6 Phslogenetcc tree (50% majorcts-rule consensus) uscng Basescan Inference (MrBases 3.1.2) based on the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequence arras of Mikrocytos. Numbers at the nodes are Basescan postercor probabclctces. Astercsks cndccate sequences obtacned cn thcs studs

Fig. 7 in Descriptions of Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. and Mikrocytos donaxi n. sp. (Ascetosporea: Mikrocytida: Mikrocytiidae), detected during important mortality events of the wedge clam Donax trunculus Linnaeus (Veneroida: Donacidae), in France between 2008 and 2011

Fig. 7 Transmcsscon electron mccroscops of Mikrocytos veneroïdes n. sp. cnfectcng Donax trunculus mantle collected cn Qucberon Bas. a Parascte cnscde a msocste and near the msofcbrcls. Note the presence of mctochondrca near the parascte cells (arrow). b Parascte cn the cstoplasm of a haemocste; note the presence of parasctophorous vacuole around the parascte (arrows). c Parascte near the msofcbrcls. Mctochondrca tcght agacnst the surface of the parascte or cnscde the parascte cstoplasm; note the depresscon of parascte surface at the pocnt of contact wcth mctochondrca. d Bcnucleate stage of the parascte cn an extracellular posctcon; note the presence of the two nuclec. Abbreviations: M, mctochondrca; MF, msofcbrcls; N, nucleus; P, parascte. Scale-bars: a, b, d, 2 μm; c, 1 μm

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

France under German occupation. The German and French administration 1940-1945 – full data

At <a href="http://www.adresses-france-occupee.fr">www.adresses-france-occupee.fr</a>, the GHIP provides an interactive map showing the German and French authorities in France during the German occupation of France between 1940 and 1945. In addition to the historical and current address, the website provides information about the tasks, responsibilities and the structure of each department of the authorities, as well as photos if available. Depending on the type and scope of the query, it gives an impression of everyday life, the presence of the German occupation administration and forces and, last but not least, their cooperation with the French authorities. The information is based on a systematic evaluation of the telephone books of the German authorities and French administration directories from the time of the war. They were completed by research in German and French archives, in particular the Archives municipales, as well as press media, historical map collections and research works. With this entry we give access to the data of this database in four different tables (csv UTF-8 and excel). 1)    The table "services" relates to the departments (German: Dienststellen). The data is maintained in the state closest to that of the phone directories and address books: a department is valid in a hierarchy at a given address and at a given time. The table contains: ·         the ID number (id), its linking to its superior department (parent_service_id) ·         the name of the department (name), ·         the ID number of the source from which the information originates (source_id), ·         the ID number of the place where the departments office is located (place_id), ·         the status on the website (status: visible, pending, deleted), ·         the display of the hierarchy (d_breadcrumb) and ·         the last edit of the entry by the project team (last_edit_date). There are 68,044 entries in total.   2)    The table "service_bridge" is a cross table, relating the departments to each other by showing their hierarchy. IT contains the parent_service_id, the child_service_id, and the breadcrumb, that indicates the department's position in the hierarchy. There are 28,162 entries in total   3)    The table "places" is used to localise the departments. A place is a geographical point identified by its latitude and longitude. The address (in text format) of this place may have changed over time. The database contains both old and new names. The table contains the ID number of the place (id), the name of the building/accommodation (name), the status of the entry on the website (status: visible, pending, deleted), the current address (current_country, current_zip, current_city, current_street, current_house_number), former address (fromer_street, former_house_number) as well as the longitude and latitude of the place. There are 15,454 entries in total.   4)     The table "sources_details" relates to the sources used to build the database. By source we understand ‘data source’, i.e. any source used to obtain information on the German and French authorities of the time. We mostly used German and French telephone directories of the years 1940–1944. The table contains: ·         the ID number of the source (id), ·         the name of the source in short (name), ·         the country of publication or origin of the source (country), ·         the full edition date (edition_date) if available, otherwise approximate, ·         the year of the publication or year of the source (d_edition_year), ·         the month of the publication or month of the source (d_edition_month) and ·         the full bibliographical citation and/or explanations (source_name_complete). There are 57 entries in total. You can get in touch with us via the mail dh [at] dhi-paris.fr

Figure 3 in A revision of Ophidiaster davidsoni de Loriol and Pellat 1874 from the Tithonian of Boulogne (France) and its transfer from the Valvatacea to the new forcipulatacean genus Psammaster gen. nov.

Figure 3. Arrangement of the body wall and arm ossicles of Psammaster davidsoni (a, b, c, d) and the ambulacral groove (e, f). Photographs (a, c, e) and interpretation drawings (b, d, f) of the lectotype NHMUK PI E 53996. Dashed lines indicate uncertain contour of the ossicles. Coloured areas indicate ossicle homology. In orange: the central ossicle; in red: the madreporite; in green: carinals; in pink: abactinals; in blue: superomarginals; in yellow: inferomarginals; in brown: actinals; in grey: ambulacrals; in purple: adambulacrals; in teal: adambulacrals spines. Scale bars: 5 mm.

Figure 2 in A revision of Ophidiaster davidsoni de Loriol and Pellat 1874 from the Tithonian of Boulogne (France) and its transfer from the Valvatacea to the new forcipulatacean genus Psammaster gen. nov.

Figure 2. Disc of the lectotype NHMUK PI E 53996, (a) photography and (b) interpretation drawing. Dashed lines indicate uncertain contour of the ossicles. Coloured areas indicate ossicle homology. Orange: the central; red: the madreporite; light green: carinals; dark green: primary radials; light blue: superomarginals; dark blue: primary interradials; pink: abactinals. Scale bars: 5 mm.

Figure 1 in A revision of Ophidiaster davidsoni de Loriol and Pellat 1874 from the Tithonian of Boulogne (France) and its transfer from the Valvatacea to the new forcipulatacean genus Psammaster gen. nov.

Figure 1. The lectotype NHMUK PI E 53996, in (a) abactinal and (b) actinal views, and (c, d) the paralectotype NHMUK PI E 1499, representing at least two individuals preserved as three separate elements, (c) NHMUK PI E 1499 i, and (d) NHMUK PI E 1499 ii and iii. Scale bars: 1 cm.

Figure 4 in A revision of Ophidiaster davidsoni de Loriol and Pellat 1874 from the Tithonian of Boulogne (France) and its transfer from the Valvatacea to the new forcipulatacean genus Psammaster gen. nov.

Figure 4. Strict consensus of the 61 most parsimonious trees found. Character matrix from Fau and Villier (2020) is available in the Supplement. Asteriidae (n = 12 taxa) and Zoroasteridae (n = 4 taxa) were grouped for clarity.

FIG. 7 in Crocodylomorph and dinosaur tracks from the lowermost Jurassic of Le Veillon (western France): ichnotaxonomic revision of the type material (Lapparent collection)

FIG. 7. — Batrachopus deweyi (Hitchcock, 1843) Hitchcock, 1845: A-C, trackway ULB-04C10_E, photograph (A), DEM and false-colour depth map (B) and interpretative sketch (C); D-F, pes/manus set 04C10_A_1 (holotype of "B. gilberti" that is here invalidated), photograph (D), DEM and false-colour depth map (E) and interpretative sketch (F); G-I, pes/manus set 04C14_C, photograph (G), DEM and false-colour depth map (H) and interpretative sketch (I); J-L, pes/manus set 04C14_C, photograph (J), DEM and false-colour depth map (K) and interpretative sketch (L). Scale bars represent: A-C, 10 cm; D-L, 1 cm.

FIG. 8 in Crocodylomorph and dinosaur tracks from the lowermost Jurassic of Le Veillon (western France): ichnotaxonomic revision of the type material (Lapparent collection)

FIG. 8. — Tracks ascribed to Dahutherium sp. by Lapparent & Montenat (1967) and that are here reinterpreted: A-C, two superimposed tridactyl grallatorid footprints, ULB-04C18_B, photograph (A), interpretative sketch of Lapparent & Montenat (1967) (B), and our interpretation (C), showing a small footprint (dark grey) and larger footprint (light grey); D-F, Batrachopus isp., ULB-04C15_A, photograph (D), interpretative sketch of Lapparent & Montenat (1967) (E), and our interpretation (F). Scale bars: A-C, 5 cm; D-F, 2 cm.

FIG. 11 in Crocodylomorph and dinosaur tracks from the lowermost Jurassic of Le Veillon (western France): ichnotaxonomic revision of the type material (Lapparent collection)

FIG. 11. — Plaster cast of one footprint from the type trackway of "Saltopoides igalensis", that is here invalidated: A-C, track ULB-04C01_B, photograph (A), DEM and false-colour depth map (B) and interpretative sketch (C). Scale bars: 5 cm.

FIG. 3 in Crocodylomorph and dinosaur tracks from the lowermost Jurassic of Le Veillon (western France): ichnotaxonomic revision of the type material (Lapparent collection)

FIG. 3. — Grallator olonensis Lapparent & Montenat, 1967: A, B, slab ULB-04D19 bearing the trackway T1-Go, as well as T2-Go; photograph (A) and interpretative sketch (B); C-E, track 04D19_A_4 (syntype) of the trackway T1-Go, photograph (C), DEM and false-colour depth map (D) and interpretative sketch (E); F-H, ULB- 04C11_A_6, photograph (F), DEM and false-colour depth map (G) and interpretative sketch (H). Scale bars: A, B, 20 cm; C-H, 2 cm.

FIG. 6 in Crocodylomorph and dinosaur tracks from the lowermost Jurassic of Le Veillon (western France): ichnotaxonomic revision of the type material (Lapparent collection)

FIG. 6. — "Anatopus palmatus" Lapparent & Montenat, 1967, that is here invalidated: A-C, ULB-04C15_B (holotype of "A. palmatus"), photograph (A), interpretative sketch of Lapparent & Montenat (1967: fig. 16A and pl.XII.3) (B), and our interpretation (C); D-F, ULB-04C15_C, photograph (D), interpretative sketch of Lapparent & Montenat (1967: fig. 16B1) (E), and our interpretation (F). Scale bars: 5 cm.

FIG. 13 in Crocodylomorph and dinosaur tracks from the lowermost Jurassic of Le Veillon (western France): ichnotaxonomic revision of the type material (Lapparent collection)

FIG. 13. — Other problematic tracks in Lapparent & Montenat 1967: A-C, Batrachopus isp., ULB-04C14_I, photograph (A), interpretative sketch of Lapparent & Montenat (1967) (B) ("Unnamed track n°1" in Lapparent & Montenat 1967: fig. 18), and our interpretation (C); D-F, Grallator cf. variabilis, ULB-04D22_A, photograph (D), interpretative sketch of Lapparent & Montenat (1967) (E) ("Unnamed track n°2" in Lapparent & Montenat 1967: fig. 18 and pl. XIII.5), and our interpretation (F). Scale bars: A-C, 1 cm; D-F, 5 cm.