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FIG. 5 in Phylogeny of the genus Pinnixa White, 1846 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) and allies inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with generic reassignment of twenty-one species

FIG. 5. — Illustrations of selected type and topotypic materials for Glassella spp., by Smithsonian artists MEH, Charisse Baker, and Jack Schroeder, predating loss of subject specimens: A, G. faxoni (Rathbun, 1918) n. comb., habitus, male paratype, cw 10.1 mm, USNM lot 7639; B, G. faxoni n. comb., left chela external surface, male holotype, cw 11.0 mm, USNM lot 7639; C, G. miamiensis (McDermott, 2014) n. comb., habitus, male, cw 4.7 mm, HBOI uncatalogued specimen from Indian River, Florida; D, G. floridana (Rathtbun, 1918) n. comb., habitus, male holotype, cw 6.7 mm, USNM 6996; E, G. vanderhorsti (Rathbun, 1922) n. comb., habitus, male holotype, cw 6.0 mm, Zoological Museum Amsterdam, now Netherlands Naturalis Biodiversity Center; F, G. vanderhorsti n. comb., gonopodal plate pleonal surface, male holotype, cw 6.0 mm, Amsterdam Museum.

FIG. 3 in Phylogeny of the genus Pinnixa White, 1846 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) and allies inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with generic reassignment of twenty-one species

FIG. 3. — Variation in the chelae in Rathbunixa n. gen.: A-E: left cheliped, dorsal (inner) surface; A-C, R. pearsei (Wass, 1955) n. comb. female, ULLZ 5557 (A); ovigerous female, ULLZ 12188 (B); ovigerous female, ULLZ 14026 (C); D-E, R. sayana (Stimpson, 1960) n. comb.: female, ULLZ 14032 (D); ovigerous female, ULLZ 14029 (E); F, R. occidentalis (Rathbun, 1893) n. comb., left cheliped of male, USNM 17470 (adapted from Rathbun 1918:155, fig. 96); G, R. affinis (Rathbun,1894) n. comb., 1898, right cheliped of female holotype, USNM 21594 (adapted from Rathbun 1918:168, fig. 106). Not to scale.

FIG. 4 in Phylogeny of the genus Pinnixa White, 1846 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) and allies inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with generic reassignment of twenty-one species

FIG. 4. — Reproduced thumbnail sketches of male gonopods and gonopodal plates on lost USNM specimens of Glassella faxoni (Rathbun, 1918) n. comb. (A-C), by R. H. Gore, 1978-1979; G. faxoni n. comb. (D), und Glassella vanderhorsti (Rathbun, 1922) n. comb.; (E, F) by D. L. Felder, 1979-1982. A, left gonopod, pleonal surface, paratype, USNM 23436; B, left gonopod, pleonal surface, holotype, USNM 7639; C, gonopods and gonopodal plate, pleonal surface, holotype USNM 7639; D, gonopods and gonopodal plate, pleonal surface, holotype, USNM 7639; E, gonopodal plate, pleonal surface, topotypic material, USNM 56903; F, gonopods and gonopodal plate, pleonal surface, topotypic material, USNM 56903.

FIG. 1 in Phylogeny of the genus Pinnixa White, 1846 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) and allies inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with generic reassignment of twenty-one species

FIG. 1. — Phylogeny for species of superfamily Pinnotheroidea De Haan, 1833, emphasis on genus Pinnixa White, 1846 s.l. inferred from Randomized Accelerated Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) analysis of a 1445 bp long fragment concatenated from the mitochondrial complex 16S/tRNA-Leu/ NADH1 (776 bp), the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene (340 bp) and the nuclear gene for the histone 3 subunit (327 bp). Bootstrap support values are shown at the nodes when higher than 50%. Collection number follows the species name to identify samples. For samples in the subfamily Pinnixinae Števčić, 2005, abbreviations indicating geographic origin are defined in "Materials and Methods". Species name combinations as shown are prior to revisions in present paper. Abbreviations as in Material and Methods.

FIG. 2 in Phylogeny of the genus Pinnixa White, 1846 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) and allies inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with generic reassignment of twenty-one species

FIG. 2. — Morphological characters of the type species of Pinnixa White, 1846 s.s., P. cylindrica (Say, 1818), along with those for five molecularly segregated genera formerly treated in Pinnixa s.l.: A-D, Pinnixa cylindrica: A, male dorsal view; B, male cheliped; C, third maxilliped (adapted from Rathbun 1918:160 fig. 99a); D, male pleon; E-G: Glassella costaricana (Wicksten, 1982): E, female holotype dorsal view; F, female cheliped; G, third maxilliped (adapted from Campos & Wicksten 1997: fig. 1, fig. 2c, a, with permission from Allen Press); H, I, Glassella faxoni (Rathbun, 1918) n. comb.: H, third maxilliped; I, male pleon (adapted from Rathbun 1918:133 fig. 77b, a); J-M: Rathbunixa sayana (Stimpson, 1960) n. comb.: J, male dorsal view; K, male cheliped; L, third maxilliped; M, male pleon (L, M adapted from Rathbun 1918:158 fig. 98a, b); N-Q: Sayixa monodactyla (Say, 1818) n. comb., male (ULLZ 8713, Fort Pierce, FL, USA); N, dorsal view; O, cheliped; P, third maxilliped; Q, pleon; R, T, U, Scleroplax granulata Rathbun, 1893; R, female carapace and pereopods 2-5; T, third maxilliped; U, male pleon (R, T adapted from Campos 2006:fig. 1a-c, with permission from Magnolia Press; U, adapted from Rathbun 1918:171 fig. 109a); S, Scleroplax littoralis (Holmes, 1894) n. comb., female and male chelipeds (adapted from Rathbun 1918:146 fig. 89a, b); V-Y, Tubicolixa chaetopterana (Stimpson, 1860) n. comb.: V, male dorsal view; W, female and male chelipeds; X, third maxilliped; Y, male pleon (X, Y, adapted from Rathbun 1918:152 fig. 94a, b).

opencc-by-4.0May 2009View details →

Figures 13-16 in The Lepidoptera of White Sands National Monument, Otero County, New Mexico, USA 1. Two new species of Noctuidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuinae, Agrotini)

Figures 13-16. Adults of Protogygia species. 13. P. whitesandsensis male paratype. 14. P. pectinata, male 15. P. comstocki, female. 16. P. biclavis, male.

Figure 6 from: Gonella PM, Barbosa-Silva RG, Fleischmann AS, Zappi DC, Baleeiro PC, Andrino CO (2020) Hidden biodiversity of Amazonian white-sand ecosystems: two distinctive new species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Pará, Brazil. PhytoKeys 169: 75-98. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57626

Figure 6 SEM microphotographs of seeds of Utricularia jaramacaru at 420× magnification, in dorsal, lateral and oblique view (from the holotype).

Figure 5 from: Gonella PM, Barbosa-Silva RG, Fleischmann AS, Zappi DC, Baleeiro PC, Andrino CO (2020) Hidden biodiversity of Amazonian white-sand ecosystems: two distinctive new species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Pará, Brazil. PhytoKeys 169: 75-98. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57626

Figure 5 Utricularia jaramacarua inflorescence apex with open flowers and bud b detail of inflorescence apex showing mucilage droplet in the axil of a pedicel c inflorescence apex with a flower in posterior view, highlighting the calyx (c1) d flower in anterior view; e, peduncle bases with stolons and leaves.

Figure 3 from: Gonella PM, Barbosa-Silva RG, Fleischmann AS, Zappi DC, Baleeiro PC, Andrino CO (2020) Hidden biodiversity of Amazonian white-sand ecosystems: two distinctive new species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Pará, Brazil. PhytoKeys 169: 75-98. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57626

Figure 3 Utricularia arirambaa inflorescence apex with flowers and bud of the white corolla morphotype, showing the reflexed apex of lower corolla lip b flowers of the lavender corolla morphotype, with a calyx of a developing fruit to the left c flower of the white corolla morphotype in posterior view, showing the calyx lobes and the concavity in the ventral portion of the spur d flowers of the lavender corolla morphotype e inflorescence apex of the white corolla morphotype showing variation in spur morphology.

Figure 1 from: Gonella PM, Barbosa-Silva RG, Fleischmann AS, Zappi DC, Baleeiro PC, Andrino CO (2020) Hidden biodiversity of Amazonian white-sand ecosystems: two distinctive new species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Pará, Brazil. PhytoKeys 169: 75-98. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57626

Figure 1 Distribution map of the new species of Utricularia in the Amazon. On the left map, the main rivers of the hydrographic basin of the region and which cross the FLOTA Trombetas (highlighted in green). The map to the right shows the records of Utricularia ariramba (squares) and Utricularia jaramacaru (triangle), which are near the FLOTA limits, as well the as threats to the area, including recent fires, full deforestation, and selective deforestation of timber species.

Figure 4 from: Gonella PM, Barbosa-Silva RG, Fleischmann AS, Zappi DC, Baleeiro PC, Andrino CO (2020) Hidden biodiversity of Amazonian white-sand ecosystems: two distinctive new species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Pará, Brazil. PhytoKeys 169: 75-98. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57626

Figure 4 Utricularia jaramacarua habit, in flower b base of plant with stolons with traps, rhizoids, leaves with traps, and peduncle base c leave with traps d utricle, side view e scale f base of the pedicel, and bract g flower, in anterior h flower, in posterior view i flower, in lateral view j upper lip of the corolla k stamens l pistil m fruit n seed. All based on the holotype. Illustrations by João Silveira.

Figure 2 from: Gonella PM, Barbosa-Silva RG, Fleischmann AS, Zappi DC, Baleeiro PC, Andrino CO (2020) Hidden biodiversity of Amazonian white-sand ecosystems: two distinctive new species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Pará, Brazil. PhytoKeys 169: 75-98. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57626

Figure 2 Utricularia arirambaa, b habit, in flower c base of plant with stolons, rhizoids, and peduncle base d part of stolon, with rhizoids, and leaves with traps e utricle, side view f scale g, h flower of the white morphotype in anterior (g) and side (h) view i, j flower of the lavender morphotype in anterior (i) and side (j) view k flower of the white morphotype in posterior view l upper lip of the corolla, androecium, and gynoecium m stamen n pistil a, c–h, k–n based on the holotype; b, i, j based on C.O. Andrino 560. Illustrations by João Silveira.

opencc-zeroDec 2012View details →

dryad28/100

Data from: Strength and variability of postmating reproductive isolating barriers between four European white oak species

The identification and quantification of the relative importance of reproductive isolating barriers is of fundamental importance to understand species maintenance in the face of interspecific gene flow between hybridizing species. Yet, such assessments require extensive experimental fertilisations that are particularly difficult when dealing with more than two hybridizing and long generation time species such as oaks. Here we quantify the relative contribution of four postmating reproductive isolating barriers consisting of two prezygotic barriers (gametic incompatibility, conspecific pollen precedence) and two postzygotic barriers (germination rate, early survival) from extensive controlled pollinations between four oak species (Quercus robur, Q. petraea, Q. pubescens and Q. pyrenaica) that have been shown to frequently hybridize in natural populations. We found high variation in the strength of total reproductive isolation between species, ranging from total reproductive isolation to advantage toward hybrid formation. As previously found, Q. robur pollen was unable to fertilize Q. petraea due to a strong reproductive isolating mechanism. On the contrary, Q. pubescens pollen was more efficient at fertilizing Q. petraea than conspecific pollen. Overall, prezygotic barriers contribute far more than postzygotic barriers to isolate species reproductively, suggesting a role for reinforcement in the development of prezygotic barriers. Conspecific pollen precedence reduced hybrid formation when pollen competition was allowed, however presence of conspecific pollen did not totally prevent hybridization. Our results suggest that pollen competition depends on multiple ecological and environmental parameters, including species local abundance, and that it may be of uppermost importance to understand interspecific gene flow among natural multispecies populations.

FIGURES 29–30 in Newman with discussion of the taxonomic position of the Australian species, O. simplex White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)

FIGURES 29–30. Dorsal view of Oemona hirta: 29, male; 30, female. Scale lines: 10 mm.

FIGURES 17–18 in Newman with discussion of the taxonomic position of the Australian species, O. simplex White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)

FIGURES 17–18. Dorsal view of Oemona separata: 17, male; 18, female. Scale lines: 10 mm.

FIGURES 39–40 in Newman with discussion of the taxonomic position of the Australian species, O. simplex White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)

FIGURES 39–40. Dorsal view of Oemona plicicollis: 39, male; 40, female. Scale lines: 10 mm.

FIGURES 19–20 in Newman with discussion of the taxonomic position of the Australian species, O. simplex White (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae)

FIGURES 19–20. Dorsal view of Oemona simplicicollis: 19, male; 20, female. Scale lines: 10 mm.