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FIGURE 8 in New insights on Tournaisian-Visean (Carboniferous, Mississippian) athyridide, orthotetide, rhynchonellide, and strophomenide brachiopods from southern Belgium

FIGURE 8. Scatter diagrams of Leptagonia franca sp. nov. N: number of specimens measured. 1, Relation between shell width and length. 2, Relation between shell width and shell length/shell width ratio. 3, Relation beween shell width and thickness. 4, Relation between shell width and shell thickness/shell witdth ratio. 5, Relation between unrolled ventral valve length and ratio between unrolled ventral trail length (Vtl) and unrolled ventral disc length (Vdl). 6, Relation between unrolled dorsal valve length and ratio between unrolled dorsal trail length (Dtl) and unrolled dorsal disc length (Ddl).

FIGURE 2 in New insights on Tournaisian-Visean (Carboniferous, Mississippian) athyridide, orthotetide, rhynchonellide, and strophomenide brachiopods from southern Belgium

FIGURE 2. Schematic geological map of southern Belgium with location of the fossiliferous localities (modified from de Béthune, 1954). Abbreviations: D, Dréhance; F, Furfooz; G, Germany; HSMOTS, Haine-Sambre-Meuse Overturned Thrust Sheets; L, Grand Duchy of Luxemburg; N, The Netherlands; S, Sosoye.

FIGURE 5 in New insights on Tournaisian-Visean (Carboniferous, Mississippian) athyridide, orthotetide, rhynchonellide, and strophomenide brachiopods from southern Belgium

FIGURE 5. Leptagonia franca sp. nov. from the Tournai area, Tournai Formation (Tournaisian). 1-6, RBINS a5891 (holotype), articulated specimen, almost complete, in ventral (perpendicular to the surface of the alae), dorsal, lateral, posterior, anterior, and ventral (perpendicular to the disc) views. 7-12, RBINS a5892, articulated specimen, almost complete, in ventral (perpendicular to the surface of the alae), dorsal, lateral, posterior, anterior, and ventral (perpendicular to the disc) views. 13-18, RBINS a13099, articulated specimen (with an auloporid tabulate fixed to its right ventral flank), almost complete, in ventral (perpendicular to the surface of the alae), dorsal, lateral, posterior, anterior, and ventral (perpendicular to the disc) views. Scale bar equals 10 mm.

FIGURE 4 in New insights on Tournaisian-Visean (Carboniferous, Mississippian) athyridide, orthotetide, rhynchonellide, and strophomenide brachiopods from southern Belgium

FIGURE 4. Distribution of the athyridides, orthotetides and strophomenides described and/or discussed herein within the essentially carbonate Tournaisian and Visean succession of southern Belgium (see text). Stratigraphy, lithostratigraphy (incompletely represented here for the Hainaut and Visé–Maastricht sedimentation areas; formations and members are in roman and italic letters, respectively), and biostratigraphy are adapted from Poty et al. (2002, 2006, 2014). The lenticular Vignobles Member is not represented here as it is rarely developed (it is comprised between the Vaulx Member of the Tournai Formation and the Antoing Formation). Note that the "Grande Brèche" is an informal stratigraphic unit resulting from the dissolution of evaporitic levels in the Grands Malades Formation; other brecciated horizons occur in the Lives Formation.

FIGURE 6 in New insights on Tournaisian-Visean (Carboniferous, Mississippian) athyridide, orthotetide, rhynchonellide, and strophomenide brachiopods from southern Belgium

FIGURE 6. Leptagonia franca sp. nov. from the Tournai area, Tournai Formation (Tournaisian). 1-6, RBINS a5829, complete articulated specimen (with Petrocrania? ryckholtiana (de Koninck, 1843) attached to ventral and dorsal valves) in ventral (orientation as in Figure 5.1), ventral (perpendicular to the visceral disc), dorsal, lateral, posterior, and anterior views. 7-12, RBINS a5895, complete articulated specimen (with Petrocrania? ryckholtiana and microconchid attached to ventral valve), in ventral (orientation as in Figure 5.1), lateral, ventral (perpendicular to the visceral disc), dorsal, posterior and anterior views. 13-17, RBINS a13100, articulated specimen, almost complete, in ventral (orientation as in Figure 5.1), dorsal, lateral, posterior, and anterior views. 18-22, RBINS a13101, articulated specimen, almost complete, in ventral (orientation as in Figure 5.1), dorsal, lateral, posterior and anterior views. 23- 27, RBINS a13102, articulated specimen, almost complete, in ventral (orientation as in Figure 5.1), dorsal, lateral, posterior, and anterior views. Scale bar equals 10 mm.

Fig. 1 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 1. Distribution of Dzieduszyckia in the Famennian (363 Ma) reconstructed paleogeography (adapted from Golonka et al. 1994). Explanation: C, China; K, Kazakhstan; M, Morocco; N, Nevada; P, Poland; U, Urals, X, Mexico.

Fig. 9 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 9. Transverse serial sections of two specimens of Dzieduszyckia tenuicostata (Termier, 1936) from the Famennian of Bou Nebedou, Morocco (A, ZPAL Bp XVII/62−1; B, ZPAL Bp XVII/62−2). Numbers refer to distances in mm from the posterior of the ventral umbo.

Fig. 8 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 8. Transverse serial sections of two specimens of Dzieduszyckia intermedia (Termier, 1936) from the Famennian of Brouha Ahellal (A, ZPAL Bp XVII/61−1) and Touchchent (B, ZPAL Bp XVII/60−1), Morocco. Numbers refer to distances in mm from the posterior of the ventral umbo.

Fig. 5 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 5. Transverse serial sections of two specimens of Dzieduszyckia crassicostata (Termier and Termier, 1948) from the Famennian of Touchchent (A, ZPAL Bp XVII/54−1) and Bou Nebedou (B, ZPAL Bp XVII/59−2), Morocco. Numbers refer to distances in mm from the posterior of the ventral umbo.

Fig. 2 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 2. Stable carbon and oxygen isotopic values from Dzieduszyckia samples from Morocco and Poland; solid symbols, shell fabric with admixture of sediment; open symbols, sediment.

Fig. 7 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 7. Dzieduszyckia intermedia (Termier, 1936) from the Famennian of Morocco. A. Lectotype ZPAL Bp XVII/37−6 from Bou Nebedou in dorsal (A1), ventral (A2), lateral (A3), posterior (A4), and anterior (A5) views; figured also in Termier (1936: pl. 12: 14) and Termier and Termier (1950: pl. 100: 9). B. Morphotype alata ZPAL Bp XVII/8−8 from Ahellal in dorsal (B1), ventral (B2), lateral (B3), posterior (B4), and anterior (B5) views. C. Morphotype alata ZPAL Bp XVII/41−1 from Bou Nebedou in dorsal (C1), ventral (C2), lateral (C3), posterior (C4), and anterior (C5) views; figured also in Termier (1936: pl. 13: 3). D. Morphotype globosa ZPAL Bp XVII/28−1 from Bou Nebedou in dorsal (D1), lateral (D2), and anterior (D3) views figured also in Termier and Termier (1950: pl. 100: 3). E. Large shell ZPAL Bp XVII/2−7 from Touchchent in dorsal (E1), lateral (E2), and anterior (E3) views. All in natural size.

Fig. 4 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 4. Transverse serial sections of Dzieduszyckia crassicostata (Termier and Termier, 1948) from the Famennian of Bou Nebedou, Morocco (ZPAL Bp XVII/59−1). Numbers refer to distances in mm from the posterior of the ventral umbo.

Fig. 3 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 3. Transverse serial sections of Dzieduszyckia kielcensis (Roemer, 1866) from the Famennian of Ruda Strawczyńska borehole (ZPAL Bp X/895.4 m), Central Poland. Numbers refer to distances in mm from the posterior of the ventral umbo.

Fig. 6 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 6. Dzieduszyckia crassicostata (Termier and Termier, 1948) from the Famennian of Morocco. A. Globose shell ZPAL Bp XVII/27−1 from Itzer in dorsal (A1), lateral (A2), and anterior (A3) views. B. Young shell ZPAL Bp XVII/3−2 from Touchchent in dorsal (B1), lateral (B2), and anterior (B3) views. C. Young shell ZPAL Bp XVII/3−5 from Bou Nebedou in dorsal (C1), lateral (C2), and anterior (C3) views; figured also in Termier (1936: pl. 11: 15) and Termier and Termier (1950: pl. 98: 45). D. Lectotype ZPAL Bp XVII/17−16 from Bou Nebedou in dorsal (D1), ventral (D2), lateral (D3), posterior (D4), and anterior (D5) views; figured also in Termier (1936: pl. 12: 1). E. Large shell ZPAL Bp XVII/4−3 from Touchchent in dorsal (E1), lateral (E2), and anterior (E3) views. All in natural size.

Fig. 10 in New observations on rhynchonelloid brachiopod Dzieduszyckia from the Famennian of Morocco

Fig. 10. Dzieduszyckia tenuicostata (Termier, 1936) from the Famennian of Bou Nebedou, Morocco. A. Juvenile shell ZPAL Bp XVII/38−9 in dorsal (A1), ventral (A2), lateral (A3), posterior (A4), and anterior (A5) views; figured also in Termier (1936: pl. 12: 3). B. Juvenile shell ZPAL Bp XVII/38−7 in dorsal (A1), ventral (A2), lateral (A3), posterior (A4), and anterior (A5) views; figured also in Termier and Termier (1950: pl. 98: 41). C. Juvenile shell ZPAL Bp XVII/38−8 in dorsal (A1), ventral (A2), lateral (A3), posterior (A4), and anterior (A5) views; figured also in Termier (1936: pl. 12: 5). D. Large shell ZPAL Bp XVII/38−1 in ventral view showing fine radial costae and faint radial plication (D1), and enlargement in anterior view showing concentric rugae and geniculation of anterior commissure (D2); figured also in Termier (1936: pl. 12: 11). E. Complete shell ZPAL Bp XVII/38−10 in dorsal (E1), ventral (E2), lateral (E3), posterior (E4), and anterior (E5) views. F. Lectotype ZPAL Bp XVII/38−11 in dorsal (F1), ventral (F2), lateral (F3), posterior (F4), and anterior (F5) views; figured also in Termier (1936: pl. 12: 6) and Termier and Termier (1950: pl. 98: 42, 43). G. Anterior view of the commissure of a large shell ZPAL Bp XVII/38−15 showing geniculation. All in natural size except D and G × 3.

Fig. 6 in Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Shihtzupu Formation of Yunnan Province, China

Fig. 6. Principal component analysis (PCA) of 10 selected brachiopod faunas from uppermost Arenigian–middle Caradocian of South China, Kazakhstan, Avalonia, Sibumasu, and Laurentia, performed using PAST (Hammer et al. 2004). Data matrix: variance−covariance; Algorithm: singular value decomposition (SVD). See Fig. 5 for abbreviations of the faunas and Appendix 1 for number codes.

Fig. 1 in Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Shihtzupu Formation of Yunnan Province, China

Fig. 1. Location map of the study area. A. Map of China, with the South China palaeoplate outlined by thick line; inset box enlarged as B. B. The border region between Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces; inset enlarged as C. C. Detailed map of the Shizigou Valley section near the Weixin County town, with the fossil locality marked by solid triangle.

Fig. 4 in Brachiopods from the Middle Ordovician Shihtzupu Formation of Yunnan Province, China

Fig. 4. Stratigraphical range and relative abundance of brachiopod species in the Shihtzupu Formation, Shizigou Valley section near the Weixin County town, Yunnan Province.

Fig. 13 in Post-extinction brachiopod faunas from the Late Permian Wuchiapingian coal series of South China

Fig. 13. Niutoushania (A, B) and Edriosteges (C–G) from the 1st member of the Lungtan Formation of Daijiagou. A, B. Niutoushania chongqingensis Chen sp. nov., anteroventral (A1), posterior (A2), and dorsal (A3) views of holotype NMV P309641 (A). B. Fragment of a ventral external mold NMV P309642 showing regularly spaced costae and fine spine bases. C–G. Edriosteges poyangensis (Kayser, 1883), dorsal (C, D2, E, F), anterodorsal (D1), and ventral (G) views of four dorsal external molds NMV P309632 (C), NMV P309630 (D), NMV P309629 (E), NMV P309631 (F), and a ventral valve NMV P309633 (G).

Fig. 11 in Post-extinction brachiopod faunas from the Late Permian Wuchiapingian coal series of South China

Fig. 11. Ventral interior of Transennatia gratiosa (Waagen, 1884); based on a ventral internal mold NMV P309639.