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1,108 results for “Parasitoid wasps”
FIGURES 3–4. Genitalia morphology. 3 in Cryptic diversity of Leurus wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Metopiinae), parasitoids of caterpillars in Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica
FIGURES 3–4. Genitalia morphology. 3. Male genitalia (modified after Theder, 1998); abbreviations: P—phallus, PC—phallus constriction, GF—gonoforceps, D—digitus, C—cuspis, V—volsella, GA—gonocoxal arm, A—apodeme of phallus valves. 4. Female genitalia; abbreviations: LAE—lower-anterior extension of quadrate plate, Pyg—pygostyle, QP—quadrate plate, Val1—valve 1, Val2—valve 2, Val3—valve 3 / ovipositor sheath.
Data from: Molecular analysis of parasitoid linkages (MAPL): gut contents of adult parasitoid wasps reveal larval host
Metamorphosing insects often have complex and poorly known life-histories. In particular, what they feed on during their larval stages remains unknown for the vast majority of species and its documentation only results from difficult and time-intensive field observations, rearing or dissections. Through the application of a DNA analysis of gut contents in adult parasitoid wasps, we were able to selectively sequence a diagnostic DNA marker that permitted the identification of the host used by these wasps during their larval stages. By reproducing these results in species with different life-histories, we excluded other potential sources of host DNA, confirming that after ingestion by the parasitoid larva the host DNA can persist through metamorphosis in the abdominal contents of the adult wasp. Our discovery considerably extends the applicability of molecular analysis of gut contents by enabling documentation of the food used by insects during their larval stages and thus increasing the accuracy and precision of food web-studies. The 24% success rate of our approach is surprisingly high considering the challenging context for host DNA preservation, and we discuss the factors possibly affecting this rate. We propose Molecular Analysis of Parasitoid Linkages (MAPL) as a new method to document host-parasitoid associations at a faster pace and with unrivalled precision. Because of the key regulatory role of parasitoid wasps in ecosystems, which makes them the most commonly used biological control agents, MAPL will have immediate applications in both basic and applied biological sciences.
Figure 1 in Life cycles and host-parasitoid relationships of five species of Leucospis wasps in Argentina (Hymenoptera: Leucospidae)
Figure 1. Location of the sampling sites (SC: San Claudio, AN: Anquilóo and MG: Martín García reserve) within the grasslands of Río de la Plata (the area surrounded by a thick line), with satellite images (altitude 5km), and representative photographs of the different vegetation structure at each site (Satellite images copyright Google Inc. 2013).
Figure 2 in Wallaceaphytis: an unusual new genus of parasitoid wasp (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) from Borneo
Figure 2. Majority rule consensus Bayesian tree based on 28S-D2 and D3 sequences. Posterior probability values are indicated in bold above nodes.
Figure 1 in Wallaceaphytis: an unusual new genus of parasitoid wasp (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) from Borneo
Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree based on 28S-D2 and D3 sequences. Bootstrap values based on 1000 replications are shown for nodes with more than 50% bootstrap support.
Figure 7 in The life history and host-searching behaviour of the aquatic parasitoid wasp Apsilops japonicus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of the aquatic moth Neoshoenobia testacealis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Figure 7. Mean number of ovipositor probes into leaf petioles by Apsilops japonicus females for the three types of leaves. There were no significant differences among the three leaf types (n = 36, F = 0.75, P = 0.48, one-way analysis of variance).
Figure 4 in The life history and host-searching behaviour of the aquatic parasitoid wasp Apsilops japonicus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of the aquatic moth Neoshoenobia testacealis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Figure 4. Frequency of Apsilops japonicus females entering the water from the three types of leaves (n = 36).
Figure 5 in The life history and host-searching behaviour of the aquatic parasitoid wasp Apsilops japonicus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of the aquatic moth Neoshoenobia testacealis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Figure 5. Mean submergence time for Apsilops japonicus females entering the water from the three types of leaves. There were no significant differences among the three leaf types (n = 36, F = 0.45, P = 0.64, one-way analysis of variance).
Figure 2 in The life history and host-searching behaviour of the aquatic parasitoid wasp Apsilops japonicus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of the aquatic moth Neoshoenobia testacealis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Figure 2. An Apsilops japonicus larva beside a mature host larva in the petiole. The white bar indicates a parasitoid larva.
Figure 3 in The life history and host-searching behaviour of the aquatic parasitoid wasp Apsilops japonicus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of the aquatic moth Neoshoenobia testacealis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Figure 3. Frequency of host stages at oviposition by Apsilops japonicus females. Unknown (n = 3: parasitoid pupa) indicates that we could not discriminate the host stage because the hosts were dead and probably decomposed in the petioles.
Figure 5 in On the morphology of the terminal-instar larvae of some European species of Sycophila (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
Figure 5. Lateral views of terminal-instar larvae. (A) Sycophila biguttata; (B) Sycophila binotata; (C) Sycophila flavicollis; (D) Sycophila mayri; (E) Sycophila submutica ex Isocolus scabiosae form rogenhoferi
Figure 2 in On the morphology of the terminal-instar larvae of some European species of Sycophila (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
Figure 2. Body in lateral view of Sycophila submutica (Thomson). Letters refer to the following structures: ABS1–ABS9, abdominal segments; ANS, anal segment; THS1–THS3, thoracic segments; adp, anterodorsal protuberances; epc, spiracles.
Figure 1 in On the morphology of the terminal-instar larvae of some European species of Sycophila (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
Figure 1. Body in ventral view of Sycophila submutica (Thomson). Letters refer to the following structures: ABS1–ABS9, abdominal segments; ANS, anal segment; THS1–THS3, thoracic segments.
Figure 4 in On the morphology of the terminal-instar larvae of some European species of Sycophila (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
Figure 4. Ventral views of terminal-instar larvae. (A) Sycophila biguttata; (B) Sycophila binotata; (C) Sycophila flavicollis; (D) Sycophila mayri; (E) Sycophila submutica ex Isocolus scabiosae form rogenhoferi; (F) Sycophila submutica ex Isocolus lichtensteini.
Figure 7 in On the morphology of the terminal-instar larvae of some European species of Sycophila (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
Figure 7. Anterior view of mouthparts of terminal-instar larvae. (A) Sycophila biguttata; (B) Sycophila binotata; (C) Sycophila flavicollis; (D) Sycophila mayri; (E) Sycophila submutica ex Isocolus scabiosae form rogenhoferi.; (F) Sycophila submutica ex Isocolus lichtensteini.
Figure 6 in On the morphology of the terminal-instar larvae of some European species of Sycophila (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
Figure 6. Anterior view of the head of terminal-instar larvae. (A) Sycophila biguttata; (B) Sycophila binotata; (C) Sycophila flavicollis; (D) Sycophila mayri; (E) Sycophila submutica ex Isocolus. scabiosae form rogenhoferi; (F). Sycophila submutica ex Isocolus lichtensteini.
Figures 14–25 in A new genus and three new species of parasitoid wasp from Papua New Guinea and redescription of Trigonophatnus Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae)
Figures 14–25. Trigonophatnus albobalteatus Cameron, holotype, female. (14) Wings; (15) hind tibial spurs; (16) occipital carina ventrally; (17) head, anterior aspect; (18) hind leg; (19) mesosoma, dorsal aspect; (20) first–third metasomal tergites, dorsal aspect; (21) head, dorsal aspect; (22) outer hind claw; (23) middle tibial spurs; (24) habitus, lateral aspect; (25) detail vein 1r-m and surrounding veins of hind wing. Magnification of scale line: 1.0× for 14, 18, 24; 5.0× for 15, 22, 23; and 2.0× for 16, 17, 19–21, 25.
Figures 1–13 in A new genus and three new species of parasitoid wasp from Papua New Guinea and redescription of Trigonophatnus Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae)
Figures 1–13. (1–12) Vojtechirogas novotnyi gen. nov. & sp. nov., paratype female (12 of second paratype). (13) V. herberti sp. nov., holotype female. (1) Wings; (2) outer hind claw; (3, 13) head, dorsal aspect; (4) mesosoma, dorsal aspect; (5) hind leg; (6) head, anterior aspect; (7) first metasomal tergite, dorsal aspect; (8) antenna; (9) habitus, lateral aspect; (10) hind tibial spurs; (11, 12) Detail of vein 1r-m and surrounding veins of hind wing. Magnification of scale line: 1.0× for 1, 5, 8, 9; 5.0× for 2; 1.5× for 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 13; and 2.6× for 11, 12.
Figures 26–29 in A new genus and three new species of parasitoid wasp from Papua New Guinea and redescription of Trigonophatnus Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae)
Figures 26–29. Light micrographs showing propodeal carination of described species of Vojtechirogas gen. nov. (26) V. novotnyi sp. nov., paratype; (27) V. heberti sp. nov., holotype; (29) V.? wantok sp. nov., voucher USNM ENT 00211678; (30) V.? novotnyi sp. nov., voucher USNM ENT 00211679.
Figure 6 in Wolbachia endosymbionts distort DNA barcoding in the parasitoid wasp genus Diplazon (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
Figure 6. Bayesian majority-rule consensus tree of the Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) sequences of isolates from nine species of Diplazontinae parasitic wasps. Strains separated by molecular cloning in Escherichia coli were given arbitrary numbers. Values next to nodes represent Bayesian posterior probabilities.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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