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917 results for “Theorie”
FIGURE 2. Mimosa pabstiana. A in Phylogenetic placement of Mimosa pabstiana reinforces a biogeographic pattern of the Pleistocene Arc Theory in Mimosa (Leguminosae, Caesalpinoideae)
FIGURE 2. Mimosa pabstiana. A. Detail of flowering branches. B. Detail of flowering and fruiting branches. C. Detail of craspedia. (photographed by A.C. Sevilha).
FIGURE 4. Mimosa paraibana. A in Phylogenetic placement of Mimosa pabstiana reinforces a biogeographic pattern of the Pleistocene Arc Theory in Mimosa (Leguminosae, Caesalpinoideae)
FIGURE 4. Mimosa paraibana. A. Detail of capitate inflorescences. B. Detail of craspedia. C. Detail of habit. D. Detail of spicate, paniculate inflorescences (A and C, photographed by Leonardo Jales Leitão; B, photographed by Dr. Rubens Queiroz; D, photographed by M.F. Simon).
FIGURE 1 in Phylogenetic placement of Mimosa pabstiana reinforces a biogeographic pattern of the Pleistocene Arc Theory in Mimosa (Leguminosae, Caesalpinoideae)
FIGURE 1. Phylogeny of Mimosa based on DNA sequences of the trnD-trnT noncoding plastid locus. The 50% majority-rule consensus tree from a Bayesian analysis. Letters on nodes represent well-supported clades recognized by Simon et al. (2011). Numbers next to nodes are posterior probabilities. The lines in gray represent trimerous lineages.
Beyond the mean-field approximation for pair correlations in classical density functional theory: reference inhomogeneous non-associating monomeric fluids for use with SAFT-VR Mie DFT. JCP 2024
<p>All DFT calculations and molecular simulation data in the publication.</p>
Data and code for "Tensor product random matrix theory"
<p>The data files and python scripts to generate Figure 3 of the manuscript "Tensor product random matrix theory" are uploaded.</p> <ul> <li>In the 'scripts' folder there are two python files. The file 'SFF.py' was used to generate the dataset. The file 'plot.py' generates Figure 3.</li> <li>In the 'processed data' folder there are .csv files with the data used to generate Figure 3.</li> <li>In the 'figures' folder the generated figure is included.</li> <li>In the 'additional plots' folder, three data sets and corresponding plots not incorporated in the paper are included.</li> </ul>
Raw neural codes and binsizes for the paper 'Robust and consistent measures of pattern separation based on information theory and demonstrated in the dentate gyrus'
<p>Raw optimal spiking codes and binsizes that maximise information theoretic quantities for the figures of the paper 'Robust and consistent measures of pattern separation based on information theory and demonstrated in the dentate gyrus' (PLoS Comput Biol. 2024 Feb 20;20(2):e1010706) . Additional data will be added in the coming months.</p>
Numerical Tests of a Superfluid Effective Field Theory in the 3d O(2)-model.
<p>Dataset and Analysis tools for the project Numerical Tests of a Superfluid Effective Field Theory in the 3d O(2)-model. This dataset resulted from FCT advanced computing grants, 2022.15885.CPCA.A2.</p>
ORGANSPENDEBEREITSCHAFT - Anwendung der Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens und Durchführung einer Intervention
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Source data for Figures and Tables in "Photoinduced hydrogen dissociation in thymine predicted by coupled cluster theory"
<p>Source data for figures and tables in "Unexpected hydrogen dissociation in thymine predicted by coupled cluster theory".<br><br>This work has received funding from the Norwegian Research Council through FRINATEK project 275506, the European Research Council (ERC)<br>under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program<br>(Grant No.~101020016), the AMOS program within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division. <br>We acknowledge computing resources through UNINETT Sigma2--the National Infrastructure for High Performance Computing and Data Storage in Norway, project NN2962k.</p>
Theory Use In Software Engineering: A Systematic Mapping Study
<p><strong>Abstract </strong></p> <p><strong>Context</strong>: The use of theories in Software Engineering research is not as common or explicit as in other fields,<br>with most studies focusing on technical aspects. However, establishing a more robust theoretical foundation could<br>significantly contribute to the maturation of Software Engineering as a science.</p> <p><strong>Objective</strong>: Therefore, this study investigates the use of theory in software engineering by applying the snowballing<br>technique to systematic literature reviews indexed by the main online databases over the last 16 years. It also analyzes<br>the extent of theory use and what, how, and where these theories are used.</p> <p><strong>Method</strong>: We conducted a systematic mapping study to classify evidence on theory definitions, papers’ quality,<br>research topics, methods, types, theory types, theory roles, and publication venues.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Our results showed that the term “theory” varied among the literature due to inconsistent terminology,<br>thus necessitating a comprehensive approach for accurate identification. Although many theories are cited, only a tiny<br>percentage see repeated application across studies, with limited testing for relevance to practical software engineering<br>contexts.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Despite the increase in proposed theories, software engineering requires further attention to mature, as<br>most papers primarily use theory to justify or motivate experimental research questions. Furthermore, although there<br>is a diversity of research topics and an adaptation of external theories, only 16% of studies explicitly operationalize<br>theory, highlighting the need for more intentional theoretical integration and developing SE-specific frameworks.</p>
Theory-based integrated modelling of tungsten transport in ITER plasmas
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From the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model to theories of strange metals and charged/rotating black holes
<p>International Conference on Bose-Einstein Condensation, Superconductivity, Superfluidity and Quantum Magnetism <br>S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata November 12-16, 2024</p>
Data from: Wright's shifting balance theory and the diversification of aposematic signals
Despite accumulating evidence for selection within natural systems, the importance of random genetic drift opposing Wright's and Fisher's views of evolution continue to be a subject of controversy. The geographical diversification of aposematic signals appears to be a suitable system to assess the factors involved in the process of adaptation since both theories were independently proposed to explain this phenomenon. In the present study, the effects of drift and selection were assessed from population genetics and predation experiments on poison-dart frogs, Ranitomaya imitator, of Northern Peru. We specifically focus on the transient zone between two distinct aposematic signals. In contrast to regions where high predation maintains a monomorphic aposematic signal, the transient zones are characterized by lowered selection and a high phenotypic diversity. As a result, the diversification of phenotypes may occur via genetic drift without a significant loss of fitness. These new phenotypes may then colonize alternative habitats if successfully recognized and avoided by predators. This study highlights the interplay between drift and selection as determinant processes in the adaptive diversification of aposematic signals. Results are consistent with the expectations of the Wright's shifting balance theory and represent, to our knowledge, the first empirical demonstration of this highly contested theory in a natural system.
Data from: Niche theory and its relation to morphology and phenotype in geographic space: a case study in woodpeckers (Picidae)
Ecogeographic analyses have recovered common environmental trends with respect to morphology; however discrepancies among trends exist. Hypothesized reasons for these divergences vary, but most relate a taxon's morphology to its ecological niche. Morphology is known to diverge when species co-occur with competitors or predators and when species occur across different habitats and environments. A less understood divergence from ecogeographic trends is niche fixation, wherein species become locked into particular niches due to their community interactions or foraging ecology. A form of niche fixation has been hypothesized in the theory of Interspecies Social Dominance Mimicry (ISDM), in which mimics maintain relatively constant size ratios with models to perpetuate their mimicry. If true, mimics should display variation and trends in tandem with their models. Here, I use mass as a proxy for body size and examine ecogeographic trends in two sets of woodpeckers (Picidae): a Nearctic group which has been reported to interact via ISDM, and a Neotropical group which, based on similar appearances and overlapping distributions, is a potential ISDM system. I found ecogeographic trends suggestive of differential evolutionary responses, and I found evidence against niche fixation in the Nearctic clade. The Neotropic clade showed limited evidence for tandem size evolution between models and mimics, but inconsistencies in the size ratios between mimic and model populations. Here, I discuss the implications of observing divergent ecogeographic trends within mimicry systems, with specific emphasis on how environment, ecology, and community interactions guide evolution.
molybdenum and sulfur incorporation as oxyanion substitutional impurities in calcium carbonate minerals: density functional theory data
<p>Provided here are density functional theory research datasets generated using the Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package. Data relates to publication in Chemical Geology, entitled, Molybdenum and sulfur incorporation as oxyanion substitutional impurities in calcium carbonate minerals: A computational investigation. By Scott D Midgley, James O Taylor, Dominik Fleitmann, Ricardo Grau-Crespo. </p> <p>We include here final geometries in .cif format, as well as full OUTCAR files generated in VASP. Using this file, readers can access all details of the DFT simulations reported. </p>
Nondegenerate two-photon absorption in ZnSe: Experiment and theory
<p>Dataset of the publication “Nondegenerate two-photon absorption in ZnSe: Experiment and theory“, L. Krauss-Kodytek, W.-R. Hannes, T. Meier, C. Ruppert, and M. Betz, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.085201">Phys. Rev. B 104, 085201 (2021).</a> ( <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.085201">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.085201</a> ). The zip file includes the data on which the plots shown in figures 3, 4, and 5 are based.</p>
Source data for the manuscript "Theory of branching morphogenesis by local interactions and global guidance"
<p>The zip file includes source data used in the main text of the manuscript "Theory of branching morphogenesis by local interactions and global guidance", as well as a representative Jupyter notebook to reproduce the main figures. A sample script for the simulations of branching and annihilating random walks is also included (Sample_script_for_simulations_of_BARWs.ipynb) to generate exemplary branched networks under external guidance. A detailed description of the simulation setup is provided in the supplementary information of the manuscipt.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Implementation as theory, hierarchy as transformation, homology as synapomorphy
FIGURE 1. The anatomy of a cladistic analysis. a. A cladistic analysis recovers branching diagrams (cladograms) from a data matrix (e.g., binary or parenthesis matrix). The characater-state relationships (homologs) may be interpreted phylogenetically as transformations; b.The data matrix is analysed by a computer program that produces a cladogram. The phylogenetic tree is created through human interpretation only; c.#A data matrix contains ordered data, which is converted to a branching diagram (cladogram) using a computer program. The cladogram depicted here is based on character 1 (namely, a character tree). The character-states are treated as synapomorphies within A{B{C,D}, where C and D share character-state 0 or, the states can be shown as a relationship, namely 0{1,1}. In the phylogenetic tree, the character-states are shown as grouped plesiomorphies and apomorphies. The transformation is inferred by the person viewing the tree; d. The function of the data matrix is to show which character-states are ascribed to taxa. The cladogram represents a classification in order to identify monophyly, while a phylogenetic tree interprets a classification through transformation; e. the data matrix and cladogram represent homologs. In the phylogenetic tree, homologs are interpreted to be derived or reversed (apomorphic) or plesiomorphic (primitive).
Theory and simulations of homonuclear three-spin systems in rotating solids NMR Raw Data
<p><strong>The NMR raw data is in both jcamp and topspin format. The data folders are separated in experimental and simulation folders.</strong></p> <p><strong>Folders containing all the simulated MAS spectra acquired at variable MAS rates for two-spin systems single crystal for Figures 2, 5 and 6: </strong>(topspin format)</p> <p> </p> <p>1) two_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_sc (Figure 2)</p> <p>2) two_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_sc_increase_chemdiff (Figure 5)</p> <p>3) two_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_sc_increase_dipolar (Figure 6)</p> <p>4) mas_slowintermediate_regime_chemdiff (Figure S6)</p> <p>5) mas_slowtointermed_regime_mas (Figure S7)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Folders containing all the simulated MAS spectra acquired at variable MAS rates for two-spin systems single crystal for Figures 2, 5 and 6: </strong>(jcamp format)</p> <p> </p> <p>1) two_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_sc_jcamp (Figure 2)</p> <p>2) two_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_sc_increase_chemdiff_jcamp (Figure 5)</p> <p>3) two_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_sc_increase_dipolar_jcamp (Figure 6)</p> <p>4) mas_slowintermediate_regime_chemdiff_jcamp (Figure S6)</p> <p>5) mas_slowtointermed_regime_mas_jcamp (Figure S7)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Folders containing all the simulated MAS spectra acquired at variable MAS rates for three-spin single crystal systems for Figure 7: </strong>(topspin format)</p> <p> </p> <p>1) three_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_sc</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Folders containing all the simulated MAS spectra acquired at variable MAS rates for three-spin single crystal systems for Figure 7: </strong>(jcamp format)</p> <p> </p> <p>1) three_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_sc_jcamp</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Folders containing all the simulated MAS spectra acquired at variable MAS rates for two-spin and three-spin powder systems for Figure 10, 11 and 12: </strong>(topspin format)</p> <p> </p> <p>1) two_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_rep_2ang_200pts_sph</p> <p>2) three_spin_powder_800pts</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Folders containing all the simulated MAS spectra acquired at variable MAS rates for two-spin and three-spin powder systems for Figure 10, 11 and 12: </strong>(camp format)</p> <p> </p> <p>1) two_spin_different_alphas_and_betas_rep_2ang_200pts_sph_jcamp</p> <p>2) three_spin_powder_800pts_jcamp</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Folders contains all the experimental echo MAS spectra acquired at variable MAS rates and used for Figures 13 and 14: </strong>(topspin format)</p> <p> </p> <p>1) tyrosine_vt</p> <p>2) tyrosine_vmas</p> <p>3) thymol_vmas</p> <p>4) aspala_vmas</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Folders contains all the experimental echo MAS spectra acquired at variable MAS rates and used for Figures 13 and 14: </strong>(camp format)</p> <p> </p> <p>1) tyrosine_vt_jcamp</p> <p>2) tyrosine_vmas_jcamp</p> <p>3) thymol_vmas_jcamp</p> <p>4) aspala_vmas_jcamp</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Folder containing MATLAB codes: </strong></p> <p> </p> <p>1) two_spins_numerical.m (numerical simulation for two-spin systems for single crystal and powder)</p> <p>2) three_spins_numerical.m (numerical simulation for three-spin systems for single crystal and powder)</p> <p>3) AHT_2spinsb.nb (integration to third order of the average two-spin Hamiltonian and the simulation routine of 1H spectra of the resulting average Hamiltonian)</p> <p>4) AHT_3spins.nb (integration to third order of the average three-spin Hamiltonian and the simulation routine of 1H spectra of the resulting average Hamiltonian)</p> <p>5) AHT3spins_terms_and_simulation.nb (List of the all terms of the average Hamiltonian to third order of three-spin, simulation routine and eigenvalue calculation example of the resulting average Hamiltonian)</p>
Using niche centrality within the scope of the nearly neutral theory of evolution to predict genetic diversity in a tropical conifer species-pair
<p><b>Aim:</b> Estimating genetic diversity is key for understanging biogeographic and evolutionary processes. However, gathering genetic information is not feasible for all taxa or populations, particularly in the tropical regions. Identifying proxies for inferring such values has thus become essential. Here, we built on the niche centrality hypothesis (NCH; or central-abundance hypothesis) and the nearly neutral theory of evolution (NNT) to identify some of such proxies using a montane tropical conifer species-pair as model. The NCH predicts more genetic diversity under optimal ecological conditions, which should also allow for more efficient purifying selection, according to the NNT.</p> <p><b>Location:</b> The Transmexican Volcanic Belt, central Mexico.</p> <p><b>Taxa:</b> A fir species-pair endemic to central Mexico,<b> </b><i>Abies flinckii </i>and<i> A. religiosa.</i></p> <p><b>Methods:</b> We estimated patterns of genetic diversity from nuclear SSRs (<i>A</i>, <i>H</i><sub>E</sub>), and gene-coding sequences (<i>π</i><sub>S</sub>, <i>π</i><sub>N</sub>), together with the efficacy of purifying selection, measured as <i>π</i><sub>N</sub>/<i>π</i><sub>S</sub>. After testing for niche overlap, we used several geographic and ecological proxies (i.e. longitude, latitude, elevation, estimated area, and distance to the niche centroid in the present and in the LGM) to predict genetic diversity and <i>π</i><sub>N</sub>/<i>π</i><sub>S</sub> using general linear models.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Populations at the west of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt (TVB) had lower genetic diversity than populations in the east of this mountain chain. Both species had significant niche overlap. The principal predictors for neutral genetic diversity (<i>H</i><sub>E</sub>, <i>A</i> and <i>π</i><sub>S</sub>) were longitude and latitude, followed by the current distance to the niche centroid; the efficiency of purifying selection was mostly accounted for by the current distance to the niche centroid (which was also correlated to elevation). No correlation was observed between genetic diversity or <i>π</i><sub>N</sub>/<i>π</i><sub>S</sub> and current population area.</p> <p><b>Main conclusions:</b> Historical and ecological factors have to be taken into account for explaining the amounts of genetic diversity in mountain tropical species. Following the NTT, populations closer to the niche centroid are more efficient at eliminating slightly deleterious mutations than marginal stands, independently of their size or geographical location (longitude). Expanding the central-abundance theory within the scope of the NTT might help reconciling conflicting views concerning the extent of its empirical support.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.