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1,580 results for “Vulnerabilities”
VulSATDˆ{DS}: a dataset for vulnerabilities and self-admitted technical debt and its replication package
<p>VulSATDˆ{DS} is a dataset of functions in C/C++ extracted from 12 open-source projects and labelled for the existence of self-admitted technical debt (SATD) and vulnerability. It was presented in the paper "VulSATDˆ{DS}: a dataset for vulnerabilities and self-admitted technical debt." This upload contains both the dataset (file: VulSATDDS.zip) and the replication package that allows the recreation of the dataset from its sources (replication.zip).</p>
A Critical Review of the Impact of Climate Change on Food Security in Nigeria: A Vulnerability Assessment
<p>This review explores the profound ramifications of climate change on food security in Nigeria through a comprehensive vulnerability assessment. As a nation heavily reliant on agriculture, Nigeria faces escalating challenges exacerbated by shifting climatic patterns. This study employs a multi-faceted approach to analyze the intricate interplay between climate change and food security, considering both current and projected impacts. Utilizing a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the research evaluates the vulnerability of key agricultural regions, examining variations in temperature, precipitation, and extreme weather events. The findings underscore a heightened susceptibility of crop yields and livestock production to climatic anomalies, presenting a clear threat to the nation's food supply chain. Moreover, the study delves into the socio-economic dimensions of vulnerability, scrutinizing the adaptive capacity of local communities and the efficacy of existing policies. Identifying vulnerable populations and regions is crucial for targeted interventions and policy formulation. The study however, discusses potential adaptation strategies, emphasizing the importance of sustainable agricultural practices, climate-resilient crop varieties, and community-based initiatives.</p>
Data for multi-dimensional characterization of cellular states in ovarian cancer reveals clinically relevant immunological subtypes and therapeutic vulnerabilities
<p>The data for figures</p>
Characterising Contributions that Coincide with Vulnerability Mitigation in NPM Libraries
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Replication Package for "Cracks in The Stack: Hidden Vulnerabilities and Licensing Risks in LLM Pre-Training Datasets"
<p>Replication Package for "Cracks in The Stack: Hidden Vulnerabilities and Licensing Risks in LLM Pre-Training Datasets"<br><br>Includes datasets, and bash scripts.</p>
Data and scripts supporting "Metabolic profiling of patient-derived organoids reveals nucleotide synthesis as a metabolic vulnerability in malignant rhabdoid tumors"
<p>This submission contains the processed sequencing data and analysis scripts, as well as the raw and processed LC-MS metabolomics files accompanying our manuscript "Metabolic profiling of patient-derived organoids reveals nucleotide synthesis as a metabolic vulnerability in malignant rhabdoid tumors" (Cell Reports Medicine, 2024)</p>
Vulnerable but not equal: mountain lakes exhibit heterogeneous patterns of phytoplankton responses to climate change
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Empirical Analysis of Security Vulnerabilities in Python Packages
<p>This dataset contains the data files used to analyze our RQs in the manuscript "Empirical Analysis of Security Vulnerabilities in Python Packages".</p> <p>For more information on how to understand the folder structure and dataset, please read the README.md.</p>
Tropical tall forests are more sensitive and vulnerable to drought than short forests
<p>The main figures and corresponding plotting data of the paper titled 'Tropical tall forests are more sensitive and vulnerable to drought than short forests', which has been submitted to Global Change Biology.</p>
A Line-level Explainable Vulnerability Detection Approach for Java
<p>Given our modern society’s level of dependency on IT technology, high quality and security are not just desirable but rather vital properties of current software systems. Empirical methods leveraging the available rich open-source data and advanced data processing techniques of ML algorithms can help software developers ensure these properties. Nonetheless, state-of-the-art bug and vulnerability prediction methods are rarely used in practice due to numerous reasons. The predictions are not actionable in most of the cases due to their level of granularity (i.e., they mark entire classes/files to be buggy or vulnerable) and because the methods seldom provide explanation why a fragment of source code is problematic. In this paper, we present a novel Java vulnerability detection method that addresses both of these issues. It is an adaptation of our previous method for JavaScript that is capable of pinpointing vulnerable source code lines of a program together with a prototype-based explanation. The method relies on the word2vec similarity of code fragments to known vulnerable source code lines. Our empirical evaluation showed promising results, we could detect 61% and 41% of the vulnerable code lines by flagging only 43% and 22% of the program code lines, respectively, using two of the best detection configurations.</p> <p>The dataset contains the extracted vulnerable code lines and word2vec models used in the experiment on 205 Java projects.</p>
Phenotypic plasticity and genetic diversity elucidate rarity and vulnerability of an endangered riparian plant
<p><span>Anthropogenic environmental change threatens many species and can be especially challenging for rare species given their potentially limited capacity for migration and adaptation relative to more common species.</span> The ability to acclimate via phenotypic plasticity could provide an important path to persistence, especially for rare species. We investigated the responses of an endangered plant species endemic to a highly dynamic riparian habitat in southeastern Tennessee, USA, and its most widespread congener to environmental change to elucidate their current statuses and future vulnerability. Specifically, we compared the population- and species-level plasticity of rare <i>Pityopsis ruthii</i> and common <i>P. graminifolia </i>to contrasting light, temperature, and water conditions in a growth chamber experiment to evaluate their potential to acclimate to environmental change. Contrary to our expectations, <i>P. ruthii</i> had greater phenotypic plasticity than its common congener in response to both altered light and water availability. But this plasticity was not associated with increased fitness, suggesting that it was not adaptive. Concurrently, we genotyped these individuals at nine putatively neutral microsatellite loci to contrast genetic diversity across the range of each species. As expected, <i>P. ruthii </i>exhibited reduced genetic diversity relative to its more common congener. Overall, our findings accord with the narrow range and current habitat specificity of <i>P. ruthii</i>, especially its tolerance of highly variable water, and highlight its potential vulnerability to future environmental change.</p>
Mongird et al. (2022), interconnection vulnerability, water, and energy interdependency data
<p>Data files supporting Mongird et al. (2022).</p>
On the Discoverability of npm Vulnerabilities in Node.js Projects
<p>This package contains the material used in the manuscript.</p> <p>For more information on how to understand the package structure, please read the README.md.</p> <p> </p>
Natural history predicts patterns of thermal vulnerability in amphibians from the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil_supporting information
<p>In the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (AF), amphibians (625 species) face habitat degradation leading to stressful thermal conditions that constrain animal activity (e.g. foraging, reproduction). Data on thermal ecology for these species is still scarce. We tested the hypothesis that environmental occupation affects the thermal tolerance of amphibian species more than their phylogenetic relationships. We evaluated patterns of thermal tolerance of 47 amphibian species by assessing critical thermal maxima and warming tolerances, relating these variables with ecological covariates (e.g. adult macro- and microhabitat and site of larval development). We used mean and maximum environmental temperature, ecological covariates, and morphological measurements in the phylogenetic generalized least squares models selection to evaluate which traits better predict thermal tolerance. We did not recover phylogenetic signal under a Brownian model; our results point to a strong association between critical thermal maxima and habitat and development site. Forest species were less tolerant to warm temperatures than open area or generalist species. Species with larvae that develop in lentic environment were more tolerant than those from lotic ones. Thus, species inhabiting forest microclimates are more vulnerable to the synergistic effect of habitat loss and climatic change. We use radar charts as a quick evaluation tool for thermal risk diagnoses using aspects of natural history as axes.</p>
Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996). in Muridae
Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996).
Generating Realistic Vulnerabilities via Neural Code Editing: An Empirical Study
<p>Using a commonly used synthetic dataset and one real-world dataset, we investigate the potential and gaps of three state-of-the-art neural code editors (Graph2Edit, Hoppity, SequenceR) for DL-based realistic vulnerability data generation, and two state-of-the-art vulnerability detectors (Devign, ReVeal) to evaluate the effectiveness of the generated realistic vulnerability data.</p> <p>Once the users have Docker installed download the Docker image "neural_editors_vulgen_docker.tar.xz".</p> <p>Then, check the README.md for detailed steps of reproducing the experiments.</p> <p>Besides, we also provide the simple package of the artifact "neural_editors_vulgen.zip". The raw data of our experiments is also provided in this simple package. However, using it to reproduce the experiments requires the users to set up the enviroments and dependencies for all the five tools, which is not recommanded.</p>
An Exploration on How Developers Respond to Security Vulnerabilities: The Case of Log4JShell
<p>Although using third-party libraries has become prevalent in contemporary software development, developers often struggle to update their dependencies. Prior works acknowledge that due to the migration effort, priority and other issues cause lags in the migration process. The common assumption is that developers should drop all other activities and prioritize fixing the vulnerability.<br> Our objective is to understand developer behavior when facing high-risk vulnerabilities in their code. We explore the prolific case of the Log4Shell, a vulnerability that has the highest severity rating ever, which received widespread media attention. Using a mixed-method approach, we analyze 219 GitHub Pull Requests (PR) and 354 issues belonging to 53 Maven projects affected by the Log4j vulnerability. Our study indicates that developers tend to have a quick response taking from 5 to 6 days. However, instead of focusing on fixing the vulnerability, surprisingly developer activities tend to increase for all pending issues and PRs. Developer discussions involved either giving information (29.3%) and seeking information (20.6%), which is missing in existing support tools. Leveraging this possibly-one of a kind event opens up a new line of research, advocating us to rethink best practices and what developers need in order to efficiently fix vulnerabilities.</p>
VULDEFF: Vulnerability detection method based on function fingerprints and code differences
<p>The dataset of VULDEFF. For more information, visit our <a href="https://github.com/das-lab/Vuldeff" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GitHub</a>.</p> <p>Due to the lack of large-scale, real, and uniformly formatted vulnerability datasets in the field of software security, we realize the automatic collection and processing of vulnerability patches and vulnerability source code and build a reliable and continuously updated patch and vulnerability source code dataset. The dataset includes 9,546 patch files of CVE and 24,920 unpatched vulnerable source code files, covering 464 programs, and can be extended to support other open source projects.</p>
STREAMICE code and inputs for "The West Antarctic Ice Sheet may not be vulnerable to Marine Ice Cliff Instability during the 21st Century"
<p>This repository contains all inputs and code to carry out the STREAMICE calving experiments run for the manuscript "The West Antarctic Ice Sheet may not be vulnerable to Marine Ice Cliff Instability during the 21st Century" using the modelling framework MITgcm.</p> <p>MITgcm-front_retreat/ contains a branch of the MITgcm code that enables calving front advance and retreat in the STREAMICE model, and is a branch of checkpoint 68d. Please see https://github.com/MITgcm/MITgcm/blob/master/LICENSE.txt for the MITgcm open source license detail.</p> <p>code/ contains experiment-specific code for the runs detailed in the manuscript</p> <p>input_fwd/ contains all binary and parameter input files for the runs detailed in the manuscript</p> <p>archer_scripts/ contains shell scripts written for the ARCHER2 UK supercomputer to demonstrate how the model is compiled</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Tracking climate vulnerability across spatial distribution and functional traits in Magnolia gentryi from the Peruvian tropical montane cloud forest
<p>Understanding the responses of tree species' functional traits to climate variability is essential for predicting the future of Tropical Montane Cloud Forest (TMCF) tree species through acclimation, especially in Andean montane environments where fog pockets act as moisture traps. We studied the distribution of <em>Magnolia gentryi</em> to measure its spatial arrangement and identify local hotspots, while also evaluating the extent to which climate-related factors are associated with its distribution. Finally, we analyzed variations in 13 functional traits of <em>M. gentryi</em> and the climate links to infer the shaping plant acclimate capacity. Our results show that Andean TMCF climatic factors constrain <em>M. gentryi</em> spatial distribution with significant patches or gaps, associated with high precipitation rates and mean minimum temperature. The functional traits of <em>M. gentryi</em> are constrained by Andean TMCF climatic factors, resulting in reduced within-species acclimation in functional traits associated with a hydric deficit. The association between functional traits and climate oscillation is crucial for understanding the growth conditions of relict-endemic species and is essential for conservation efforts. Changes in forest trait diversity and species composition occur because of fluctuations in hydraulic safety–efficiency gradients.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.