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FIGURE 8 in On the identity of the Teyde dog-rose (Rosaceae): evidence for a new endemic taxon from Tenerife, Spain

FIGURE 8. Distribution of Rosa dumalis ssp. nov. teydensis showing type locality (yellow), records since 2000 (green) and before 2000 (blue) (adapted from Google Earth Pro, © 2021 Maxar Technologies / Grafcan).

FIGURE 7 in On the identity of the Teyde dog-rose (Rosaceae): evidence for a new endemic taxon from Tenerife, Spain

FIGURE 7. Rocky habitat of Rosa dumalis ssp. nov. teydensis within subalpine teydeginster shrub of the Cañadas del Teide, Tenerife (photo: A.-A. Weller)

FIGURE 2 in On the identity of the Teyde dog-rose (Rosaceae): evidence for a new endemic taxon from Tenerife, Spain

FIGURE 2. Leaflets and fruiting inflorescence of Rosa dumalis ssp. nov. teydensis. Pedicel length of the central flower only 3.2 mm (magnification: c. 2.5; photo: H. Reichert)

FIGURE 3 in On the identity of the Teyde dog-rose (Rosaceae): evidence for a new endemic taxon from Tenerife, Spain

FIGURE 3. Habitus of Rosa dumalis ssp. nov. teydensis. A: Shrub; B: flowering branch (photos: A.-A. Weller).

FIGURE 1 in On the identity of the Teyde dog-rose (Rosaceae): evidence for a new endemic taxon from Tenerife, Spain

FIGURE 1. Holotype of Rosa dumalis ssp. teydensis Weller & H. Reichert (TFC 53.267) (photo: Herbario TFC)

FIGURE 4 in On the identity of the Teyde dog-rose (Rosaceae): evidence for a new endemic taxon from Tenerife, Spain

FIGURE 4. Longitudinal section through the upper part of the fruit of Rosa dumalis ssp. teydensis showing the extremely wide and short orifice (diameter: 1.6 mm) (photo: H. Reichert)

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Data for: Genetic prevalence and clinical relevance of canine Mendelian disease variants in over one million dogs

Hundreds of genetic variants implicated in Mendelian disease have been characterized in dogs and commercial screening is being offered for most of them worldwide. There is typically limited information available regarding the broader population frequency of variants and uncertainty regarding their functional and clinical impact in ancestry backgrounds beyond the discovery breed. Genetic panel screening of disease variants, commercially offered directly to the consumer or via a veterinary clinician, provides an opportunity to establish large-scale cohorts with phenotype data available to address open questions related to variant prevalence and relevance. We screened the largest canine cohort examined in a single study to date (1,054,293 representative dogs from our existing cohort of 3.5 million; a total of 811,628 mixed breed dogs and 242,665 purebreds from more than 150 countries) to examine the prevalence and distribution of a total of 250 genetic disease-associated variants in the general population. Electronic medical records from veterinary clinics were available for 43.5% of the genotyped dogs, enabling the clinical impact of variants to be investigated. We provide detailed frequencies for all tested variants across breeds and find that 57% of dogs carry at least one copy of a studied Mendelian disease-associated variant. Focusing on a subset of variants, we provide evidence of full penetrance for 10 variants, and at minimum plausible evidence for clinical significance of 22 variants, on diverse breed backgrounds. Specifically, we report that inherited hypocatalasia is a notable oral health condition, confirm that factor VII deficiency presents as subclinical bleeding propensity and verify two genetic causes of reduced leg length. We further assess genome-wide heterozygosity levels in over 100 breeds and show that a reduction in genome-wide heterozygosity is associated with an increased Mendelian disease load. The accumulated knowledge represents a resource to guide discussions on genetic test relevance by breed.

Figure 5 in Giant Red Kidney Worm (Dioctophyma Renale) Screening And Treatment Protocol And Aberrant Worm Migration In Dogs From Ontario And Manitoba, Canada

Figure 5. An incidental finding of Dioctophyma renale located around the testicle of a dog whose origin was from a northern community. Color version available online.

Figure 4 in Giant Red Kidney Worm (Dioctophyma Renale) Screening And Treatment Protocol And Aberrant Worm Migration In Dogs From Ontario And Manitoba, Canada

Figure 4. (A) Sagittal image of the normal left canine kidney and (B) sagittal image of the right canine kidney with multiple circular structures within the kidney are cross sections of giant kidney worms. Color version available online.

Figure 2. A in Giant Red Kidney Worm (Dioctophyma Renale) Screening And Treatment Protocol And Aberrant Worm Migration In Dogs From Ontario And Manitoba, Canada

Figure 2. A screening protocol for the screening, diagnosing, and treating of dogs over 6 mo of age infected with Dioctophyma renale that originated in communities located in northern Canada in 2018.

Figure 1. The 2 in Giant Red Kidney Worm (Dioctophyma Renale) Screening And Treatment Protocol And Aberrant Worm Migration In Dogs From Ontario And Manitoba, Canada

Figure 1. The 2 locations of 126 dogs that were screened using the screening protocol for Dioctophyma renale infections. Created in QGIS 2020. Color version available online.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

Endocasts and brain volume of dogs

Domestication is a well-known example of the relaxation of environmentally-based cognitive selection that leads to reductions in brain size. However, little is known about how brain size evolves after domestication and whether subsequent directional/artificial selection can compensate for domestication effects. The first animal to be domesticated was the dog, and recent directional breeding generated the extensive phenotypic variation among breeds we observe today. Here we use a novel endocranial dataset based on high-resolution CT scans to estimate brain size in 159 dog breeds and analyze how relative brain size varies across breeds in relation to functional selection, longevity, and litter size. In our analyses, we controlled for potential confounding factors such as common descent, gene flow, body size, and skull shape. We found that dogs have consistently smaller relative brain size than wolves supporting the domestication effect, but breeds that are more distantly related to wolves have relatively larger brains than breeds that are more closely related to wolves. Neither functional category, skull shape, longevity, nor litter size was associated with relative brain size, which implies that selection for performing specific tasks, morphology, and life history do not necessarily influence brain size evolution in domesticated species.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

Data for: An experimental assessment of detection dog ability to locate great crested newts (Triturus cristatus) at a channeled distance and through soil

Detection dogs are increasingly used to locate cryptic wildlife species, but their use for amphibians is still rather underexplored. In the present paper we focus on the great crested newts (Triturus cristatus), a European species which is experiencing high conservation concerns across its range, and assess the ability of a trained detection dog to locate individuals during their terrestrial phase. More specifically, we used a series of randomised, double-blinded experiments to document whether a range of distances between target newts and the detection dog affects the ability of localisation, and to assess the ability and efficiency of target newt detection in simulated subterranean refugia through 20 cm of two common soil types (clay and sandy soil, both with and without air vents to mimic mammal burrows, a common refuge used by T. cristatus). The detection dog accurately located all individual T. cristatus across the entire range of tested distances (25 cm - 2 m). The substrate trials revealed that the detection dog could locate individuals also through soil. As expected, the detection time during the soil discrimination trials was significantly reduced for treatments with vents. Contrary to existing studies with detection dogs in human forensic contexts, however, detection was generally faster for T. cristatus under clay soil compared to sandy soil. Our study provides a general baseline for the use of detection dogs in locating T. cristatus and similar amphibian species during their terrestrial phase.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Chemically prepared dog lung being inflated.

md5:da9d52154f62a2c7b59b80c275fac4ef (d60 SC)- Dog´s lung prepared with curing salt solution, conserved for 60 days, and inflated with great malleability. md5:7e158348c687364b89d5f684229fc28b (d60 alcool) - Dog´s lung prepared with curing salt solution and alcohol, conserved for 60 days, and inflated with great malleability. md5:51acf953c9f5107b977dd8d7fc3d376d (d120 sc) - Dog´s lung prepared with curing salt solution, conserved for 120 days ,and inflated with great malleability. md5:70801260b0d82e1c8fbd9c4201826770 (d120alcool)- Dog´s lung prepared with curing salt solution and alcohol, conserved for 120 days, and inflated with great malleability.

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Assessment of genetic diversity, population structure and wolf-dog hybridisation in the Eastern Romanian Carpathian wolf population

The Carpathian Mountains were always inhabited by grey wolves and present one of the largest distribution areas in Europe, comprising between 2,300 to 2,700 individuals in Romania. To date, however, relatively little is known about the Romanian wolf population. We aimed to provide a first assessment of genetic diversity, population structure and wolf-dog hybridisation based on 444 mostly non-invasively collected samples in the Eastern Romanian Carpathians. Pack reconstruction and analysis of population genetic parameters were performed with mitochondrial DNA control-region sequencing and microsatellite genotyping. We found relatively high levels of genetic diversity, which is similar to values found in previous studies on Carpathian wolves from Poland and Slovakia, as well as to the long-lasting Dinaric-Balkan wolf population. We found no significant population structure in our study region, suggesting effective dispersal and admixture. Analysis of wolf-dog hybridisation using a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism panel optimised for hybrid detection revealed low rates of admixture between wolves and domestic dogs. Our results provide evidence for the existence of a genetically viable wolf population in the Romanian Carpathians. The genetic data obtained in this study may serve as valuable baseline information for the elaboration of monitoring standards and management plans for wolves in Romania.

opennotspecifiedApr 2020View details →

Fig. 3 in New tricks for old dogs: Two new macrocyclic trichothecene epimers and absolute configuration of 16-hydroxyverrucarin B

Fig. 3. Determination of the absolute configuration of compound 1 using Mosher's esters: ΔδH values [ΔδH (in ppm) = δS – δR].

opennotspecifiedApr 2020View details →

Fig. 4 in New tricks for old dogs: Two new macrocyclic trichothecene epimers and absolute configuration of 16-hydroxyverrucarin B

Fig. 4. Comparison of the ECD data in millidegrees between compounds 1 and 2 recorded in MeOH at 0.05 mg/mL; the ECD data reported in molar ellipticity are in the supplement (Fig. S23).

opennotspecifiedApr 2020View details →

Fig. 6 in New tricks for old dogs: Two new macrocyclic trichothecene epimers and absolute configuration of 16-hydroxyverrucarin B

Fig. 6. Determination of the absolute configuration of compound 3 using Mosher's esters: ΔδH values [ΔδH (in ppm) = δS – δR].

opencc-bySep 2022View details →

Zoolica - Great Dane Dog Skull

Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab