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700 results for “fossil record”
Data from: Can latitudinal richness gradients be measured in the terrestrial fossil record?
Studying the deep-time origins of macroecological phenomena can help us to understand their long-term drivers. Given the considerable spatiotemporal bias of the terrestrial fossil record, it behooves us to understand how much biological information is lost. The aim of this study is to establish whether latitudinal diversity gradients are detectable in a biased terrestrial fossil record. I develop a simulated fossilization approach, weighting the probability of terrestrial mammal species appearing in the fossil record based on body size and geographic-range size; larger species with larger range sizes are more likely to enter the fossil record. I create simulated fossil localities from the modern North American mammal record. I vary the percentage of species successfully fossilized and estimate the magnitude of the latitudinal diversity gradient (slope of the richness gradient and degree of species turnover). I find that estimates of the latitudinal diversity gradient are sensitive to the loss of species with small body size and geographic-range sizes. In some cases, simulated fossil-record bias completely obliterates evidence of declining richness with latitude, a phenomenon that is not ameliorated by the application of nonparametric richness estimation. However, if the rate of preservation is medium (50% of species) to high (75% of species), the magnitude of the latitudinal diversity gradient can be reliably estimated. Similarly, changes in the diversity gradient estimates are largely explained by differences in the diversity–climate relationship among iterations, suggesting that these relationships may be measurable in the fossil record.
Data from: Exceptional preservation and the fossil record of tetrapod integument
The fossil record of exceptionally preserved soft tissues in Konservat-Lagerstätten provides rare yet significant insight into past behaviours and ecologies. Such deposits are known to occur in bursts rather than evenly through time, but reasons for this pattern and implications for the origins of novel structures remain unclear. Previous assessments of these records focused on marine environments preserving chemically heterogeneous tissues from across animals. Here, we investigate the preservation of skin and keratinous integumentary structures in land-dwelling vertebrates (tetrapods) through time, and in distinct terrestrial and marine depositional environments. We also evaluate previously proposed biotic and abiotic controls on the distribution of 143 tetrapod Konservat-Lagerstätten from the Permian to the Pleistocene in a multivariate framework. Gap analyses taking into account sampling intensity and distribution indicate that feathers probably evolved close to their first appearance in the fossil record. By contrast, hair and archosaur filaments are weakly sampled (five times less common than feathers), and their origins may significantly pre-date earliest known occurrences in the fossil record. This work suggests that among-integument variation in preservation can bias the reconstructed first origins of integumentary novelties and has implications for predicting where, and in what depositional environments, to expect further discoveries of exquisitely preserved tetrapod integument.
FIGURES 1–3 in New records and species of Crepidodera Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Eocene European amber, with a brief review of described fossil beetles from Bitterfeld amber
FIGURES 1–3. Crepidodera tertiotertiaria sp. nov., holotype: 1—habitus, dorsal view; 2—habitus, ventral view; 3—head, frontal view.
FIGURES 10–12 in New records and species of Crepidodera Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Eocene European amber, with a brief review of described fossil beetles from Bitterfeld amber
FIGURES 10–12. Crepidodera decolorata Nadein & Perkovsky: 10—habitus, dorsal view, specimen "337-3" [CCHH]; 11— habitus, ventral view, specimen "4943 C" [GPIH]; 12—habitus, lateral view, specimen "1464 C" [GPIH].
FIGURES 7–9 in New records and species of Crepidodera Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Eocene European amber, with a brief review of described fossil beetles from Bitterfeld amber
FIGURES 7–9. Crepidodera tertiotertiaria sp. nov.: 7—details of elytra and pronotum, lateral view, paratype "4436 C" [GPIH]; 8—habitus, ventral view, non-type specimen "337-2" [CCHH]; 9—exposed styli, dorsal view, non-type specimen "337-2" [CCHH].
FIGURES 4–6 in New records and species of Crepidodera Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Eocene European amber, with a brief review of described fossil beetles from Bitterfeld amber
FIGURES 4–6. Crepidodera tertiotertiaria sp. nov.: 4—details of anterior part of body, paratype "AB 044" [CAB]; 5— habitus, lateral view, paratype "4436 C" [GPIH]; 6—claws of metatarsus, non-type specimen "337-2" [CCHH].
FIGURES 5–7 in First record of fossil Priacma (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Cupedidae) from the Jehol Biota of western Liaoning, China
FIGURES 5–7. Priacma latidentata sp. nov., holotype. 5—dorsal view, 6—ventral view, 7— outline of elytral cells.
FIGURES 1–4 in First record of fossil Priacma (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Cupedidae) from the Jehol Biota of western Liaoning, China
FIGURES 1–4. Habiti of new Priacma species, photographs of rock impressions. 1—Priacma latidentata sp. nov., 2—Priacma tuberculosa sp. nov., 3—Priacma clavata sp. nov., 4—Priacma renaria sp. nov.
FIGURES 22–25. 22 in First record of fossil Priacma (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Cupedidae) from the Jehol Biota of western Liaoning, China
FIGURES 22–25. 22—head of Priacma renaria sp. nov., 23—metaventrite of Priacma renaria sp. nov., 24—elytral cells of Priacma latidentata sp. nov., 25—elytral cells of Priacma renaria sp. nov.
FIGURES 10–12 in First record of fossil Priacma (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Cupedidae) from the Jehol Biota of western Liaoning, China
FIGURES 10–12. Priacma tuberculosa sp. nov., holotype. 10—dorsal view, 11—ventral view, 12—outline of elytral cells.
FIGURES 19–21 in First record of fossil Priacma (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Cupedidae) from the Jehol Biota of western Liaoning, China
FIGURES 19–21. Priacma renaria sp. nov., holotype. 19—dorsal view, 20—ventral view, 21— outline of elytral cells.
FIGURE 2 in The earliest fossil record of the wasp subfamily Pelecininae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea: Pelecinidae) from the Yixian Formation of China
FIGURE 2. Shoushida regilla gen. et sp. nov., photograph of holotype (with a few drops of alcohol), dorsal aspect, No. CNU–HYM–LB2006074
FIGURE 1 in The earliest fossil record of the wasp subfamily Pelecininae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea: Pelecinidae) from the Yixian Formation of China
FIGURE 1. Shoushida regilla gen. et sp. nov., photograph of holotype (in dry condition), dorsal aspect, No. CNU–HYM–LB2006074.
FIGURE 3 in The earliest fossil record of the wasp subfamily Pelecininae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea: Pelecinidae) from the Yixian Formation of China
FIGURE 3. Shoushida regilla gen. et sp. nov., line drawing of holotype, dorsal aspect, No. CNU–HYM–LB2006074.
FIGURE 1 in A new genus and first Cenozoic fossil record of moth lacewings (Neuroptera: Ithonidae) from the Early Eocene of North America
FIGURE 1. Distribution of extant and fossil Ithonidae. Circles indicate extant genera: A, Adamsiana; O, Oliarces; N, Narodona;?, unknown genus; R, Rapisma; I, Ithone; V, Varnia; M, Megalithone; squares indicate fossil genera: A, Allorapisma (Early Eocene); P, Principiala (Early Cretaceous).
FIGURE 3 in A new genus and first Cenozoic fossil record of moth lacewings (Neuroptera: Ithonidae) from the Early Eocene of North America
FIGURE 3. Allorapisma chuorum gen. et sp. nov., paratype specimen SRUI 08-04-01. A, photograph. B, drawing of the forewing. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new genus and first Cenozoic fossil record of moth lacewings (Neuroptera: Ithonidae) from the Early Eocene of North America
FIGURE 2. Allorapisma chuorum gen. et sp. nov., holotype specimen SR 08-14-01. A, photograph. B, drawing of the forewing. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 2A in A new record and a new species of Aradidae fossils (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)
FIGURE 2A. Calisius balticus, habitus from dorsal view. Scale: 1 mm. FIGURE 2B. Calisius balticus in Oise amber, dorsal view. Scale: 1 mm. FIGURE 2C. Calisius balticus in Oise amber, ventral view. Scale: 1 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Calliaxina chalmasii (Brocchi, 1883) comb. nov. (Decapoda: Axiidea: Callianassidae: Eucalliacinae), a ghost shrimp from the Middle Miocene of Europe, with reappraisal of the fossil record of Eucalliacinae
FIGURE 4. Calliaxina chalmasii (Brocchi, 1883) new combination, Budapest area (Great Hungarian Basin, Hungary): A, right major propodus (inner and outer view), PAL 2011.36; B, right major propodus (inner and outer view), KGP-MH RA-033; C, right major propodus, PAL 2011.34; D, right major propodus, PAL 2011.35; E, left major propodus (outer and inner view), PAL 2011.37; F, left major propodus (outer and inner view), PAL 2011.33; G, left major propodus (outer and inner view), KGP- MH RA-034; H, left major propodus, KGP-MH RA-021; I, right major propodus, KGP-MH RA-023; J, left major propodus, KGP-MH RA-020; K, left minor propodus ("short" morphotype), KGP-MH RA-036; L, left minor propodus, PAL 2011.30; M, left minor propodus, PAL 2011.32; N, left minor propodus articulated with dactylus (outer and inner view), PAL 2011.29; O, left minor propodus, KGP-MH RA-035; P, left minor propodus (outer and inner view), PAL 2011.31; Q, right carpus, KGP-MH RA-031; R, right carpus (outer and inner view), KGP-MH RA-028. All specimens are to scale.
FIGURE 1 in Calliaxina chalmasii (Brocchi, 1883) comb. nov. (Decapoda: Axiidea: Callianassidae: Eucalliacinae), a ghost shrimp from the Middle Miocene of Europe, with reappraisal of the fossil record of Eucalliacinae
FIGURE 1. Map showing the position of studied localities (modified from Harzhauser et al. 2003). In grey are pre-Neogene sediments and basement. 1, the Fenk guarry; 2, Dúbravská hlavica; 3, Budapest city area.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.