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1,515 results for “marshes”
Tidal levels in Nine Marshes on the Virginia Coast, 2018-2019
To determine the tidal range at each marsh, water depth was measured using Onset HOBO Water Level Data Loggers for a period of approximately 30 days. There are two data tables. One contains the water level data, adjusted for air pressure. The second contains the elevations of each well relative to NAVD88. Water depth was measured using Onset HOBO Water Level Data Loggers (Part #U20L-04) for a period of approximately 30 days within each marsh at the boundary of tall-form Spartina alterniflora and short-form S. alterniflora. Three HOBO loggers were available for use in this study; thus, water levels in all nine marshes could not be made at the same time. Water levels were measured in sets of three marshes, simultaneously, by placing one logger in each of three marshes. After about one month, the loggers were removed from a marsh, the data downloaded, and the loggers moved to another set of three marshes. Thus, for the nine sites in this study, three HOBO water-level-logger deployments were made: GATR Tract, Cushman's Landing, and Steelman's Landing from July 6th to August 6th, 2018; Oyster Harbor, Indiantown, and Box Tree from October 8th to November 4th, 2018; and Upper Phillip's Creek, Woodland Farm, and Green's Creek from November 4th to December 4th, 2018.
Salt Marsh Boundaries and Areas of Change on the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA
Between 2002-2017, migration and edge erosion were measured in three mainland geomorphic marsh types (headland, valley, hammock) and were used to assess the rate and spatial extent of marsh change for the Eastern Shore of Virginia. The boundary between high salt marsh and forest was delineated by hand digitizing 2002 and 2017 imagery and the area was determined between the 2002 and 2017 treelines at each of the salt marshes. The 2017 delineated treelines and marsh edges were confirmed through personal observations by walking the along both types of boundaries, comparing them to printouts of the delineated boundaries. There were few discrepancies, but where differences were observed, the delineated boundaries were adjusted to account for field observations. All ESVA seaside marshes were identified using aerial imagery and GIS. The marsh counts shapefile is the result of that analysis. Each point identifies an individual marsh.
Data from: Impacts of nutrient subsidies on salt marsh arthropod food webs: a latitudinal survey
Anthropogenic nutrient inputs into native ecosystems cause fluctuations in resources that normally limit plant growth, which has important consequences for associated foodwebs. Such inputs from agricultural and urban habitats into nearby natural systems are increasing globally and can be highly variable. Despite the global increase in anthropogenically-derived nutrient inputs into native ecosystems, the consequences of variation in subsidy amount on native plants and their associated foodwebs are poorly known. Salt marshes represent an ideal system to address the differential impacts of nutrient inputs on ecosystem and community dynamics because human development and other anthropogenic activities lead to recurrent introductions of nutrients into these natural systems. Previously, we have found in manipulative experiments that arthropod abundance increases in response to nutrient enrichment, with predators being the trophic group most strongly affected. We conducted a survey of Atlantic coastal Spartina marshes to test whether such local responses are indicative of responses at a landscape level. We examined the most abundant arthropod species associated with Spartina coastal marshes that receive variable amounts of anthropogenic nitrogen, and tested how this response varied across different arthropod functional groups (herbivores, epigeic feeders, and predators). Similar to what we found at a local scale, nutrient subsidies alter the trophic structure of the arthropod assemblage by changing the relative abundances of various feeding groups. Variable responses among predators to nitrogen density could be partly explained by diet breadth (e.g. generalists vs. specialists). Herbivores had a negative response to increasing plant nitrogen density; specialist predators tracked their herbivore prey and thus also responded negatively to nitrogen density. However, generalists were not negatively affected by nitrogen density and indeed some generalist predators responded positively to nitrogen density. Thus, the overall predator-to-herbivore ratio was also positively associated with nitrogen density. Our research helps us to understand how long-term nutrient enrichment of native ecosystems by human activities affects arthropod assemblages and foodweb dynamics.
Figs. 46–48 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs. 46–48. Habitus of the pupa of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801). 46 – dorsal aspect. 47 – lateral aspect. 48 – ventral aspect. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
Figs 1–2 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 1–2. Habitus of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801), dorsal aspect. 1 – last instar larva. 2 – male adult. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Figs 14–16 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 14–16. Mandible of the last instar larva of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801). 14 – ventral aspect. 15 – close-up of the rectangular area indicated in figure 14. 16 – close-up of the rectangular area indicated in figure 14 in dorsal aspect. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.
Figs 39–45 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 39–45. Abdomen of the last instar larva of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801). 39 – close-up of the chaetotaxy of tergites 1–7. 40 – close-up of the chaetotaxy of sternites 1–7. 41 – tergite 8, dorsal aspect. 42 – tergite 9, ventral aspect. 43 – sternite 8, ventral aspect. 44 – sternite 9, ventral aspect. 45 – marginal seta of sternite 9. Scale bars: 39 = 0.02 mm; 40 = 0.1 mm; 41–44 = 0.5 mm; 45 = 0.003 mm.
Figs 36–38 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 36–38. Leg of the last instar larva of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801). 36 – prothoracic leg. 37 – tibiotarsus and pretarsus of prothoracic leg. 38 – close-up of tibiotarsal organ. Scale bars: 36 = 0.5 mm; 37 = 0.1 mm; 38 = 0.01 mm.
Figs 8–9 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 8–9.Antenna of the last instar larva of Ora species. 8 – right antenna of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801), dorsal aspect. 9 – antennal sensorium of Ora sp. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
Figs 32–35 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 32–35. Thorax of the last instar larva of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801), dorsal aspect, showing long hair-like setae (squares with a cross), club-like setae (squares), ungrooved scale-like setae (circles with dot), and pore-like sensilla (circles). 32 – pronotum. 33 – mesonotum. 34 – metanotum. 35 – close-up of several grooved scale-like setae and one club-like seta of thorax. Scale bars: 32–34 = 0.5 mm; 35 = 0.02 mm.
Figs 25–27 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 25–27. Labium of the last instar larva of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801). 25 – labium, ventral aspect. 26 – close-up of the apical portion of right palpus, showing conical basiconic sensillum (Conical B), elongate basiconic sensillum (Elongate B), styloconic sensilla (S), and coeloconic sensilla (C). 27 – close-up of the rectangular area indicated in figure 25, showing the multifid setae of stiff plate (hypopharynx). Scale bars: 25 = 0.2 mm; 26 = 0.002 mm; 27 = 0.01 mm.
Figs 53–58 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 53–58. Pupa of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801), ventral aspect. 53 – left side of head and prothorax. 54 – close-up of the rectangular area indicated in figure 53. 55 – close-up of the rectangular area indicated in figure 54. 56 – female attachment organ. 57 – terminal portion of the abdomen of male. 58 – close-up of male attachment organ. Scale bars: 53 = 0.5 mm; 54, 56–57 = 0.2 mm; 55, 58 = 0.05 mm.
Figs 49–52 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 49–52. Pupa of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801), dorsal aspect. 49 – thorax. 50–51 – close-ups of the rectangular area indicated in figure 49. 52 – close-up of abdomen. Scale bars: 49 = 0.5 mm; 50–52 = 0.2 mm.
Figs 17–24 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 17–24. Maxilla of the last instar larva of Ora species. 17 – right maxilla of O. depressa (Fabricius, 1801), ventral aspect. 18 – laciniar teeth of O. depressa. 19 – close-up of the rectangular area indicated in figure 17, showing the stalk comb-bristles of the basal portion of galea. 20 – close-up of the rectangular area indicated in figure 17, showing the stalk comb-bristles of the apical portion of galea. 21 – right maxillary palpus of O. depressa, ventral aspect. 22 – right maxillary palpus of O. depressa, dorsolateral aspect. 23 – close-up of the apical portion of the maxillary palpus of O. depressa. 24 – digitiform sensillum of Ora sp. Scale bars: 17, 21–22 = 0.2 mm; 18–20, 23 = 0.02 mm; 24 = 0.01 mm.
Figs 28–31 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 28–31. Hypopharynx of the last instar larva of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801). 28 – hypopharynx showing terms used in larval description. 29 – close-up of anterior half of hypopharynx. 30 – close-up of keel sclerite showing six pore-like sensilla (arrows). 31 – close-up of hand-like structures and cushion area. Scale bars: 28 = 0.2 mm; 29 = 0.1 mm; 30–31 = 0.02 mm.
Figs 3–7 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 3–7. Head morphology and chaetotaxy of the last instar larva of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801). 3 – head capsule, dorsal aspect, showing long hair-like setae (squares with a cross), short hair-like setae (squares with dot), club-like setae (squares), ungrooved scale-like setae (circles with dot), and pore-like sensilla (circles); FR = frontale; PA = parietale. 4 – close-up of the square area indicated in figure 3. 5 – close-up of the rectangular area indicated in figure 3. 6 – club-like seta. 7 – grooved scale-like seta. Scale bars: 3 = 0.5 mm; 4 = 0.05 mm; 5–7 = 0.01 mm.
Figs 10–13 in The last instar larva and pupa of Ora depressa (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), a marsh beetle with underwater pupation
Figs 10–13. Clypeolabrum of the last instar larva of Ora depressa (Fabricius, 1801). 10 – dorsal aspect. 11 – close-up of left lobe, ventral aspect. 12 – ventral aspect. 13 – close-up of frontal margin. Scale bars: 10, 12 = 0.2 mm; 11, 13 = 0.1 mm.
Model output and figure code for "Tradeoffs Between Vertical and Lateral Resilience in a Salt Marsh Restoration Model"
<p>Simulation output data from COLT_Restorations model stored on the Community Surface Dynamics Modeling System public model repository at <a href="https://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/Model:COLT_Restorations">https://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/Model:COLT_Restorations</a> and on a GitHub public repository at<a href="https://github.com/mbbarksdale/CoLT_Restorations"> https://github.com/mbbarksdale/CoLT_Restorations</a>.</p> <p>These data were processed and graphed with model code that can also be found in a GitHub public repository at <a href="https://github.com/mbbarksdale/COLTRestorationsPaper_dataANDfigures">https://github.com/mbbarksdale/COLTRestorationsPaper_dataANDfigures</a>. </p>
H_GRONINGEN - Western marsh harriers (Circus aeruginosus, Accipitridae) breeding in Groningen (the Netherlands)
<p><em>H_GRONINGEN - Western marsh harriers (Circus aeruginosus, Accipitridae) breeding in Groningen (the Netherlands)</em> is a bird tracking dataset collected by the <a href="https://grauwekiekendief.nl/">Grauwe kiekendief - Kenniscentrum Akkervogels (GKA)</a> / Dutch Montagu's Harrier Foundation and published by the <a href="https://www.inbo.be/en">Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)</a>. It contains animal tracking data collected for the project/study <strong>H_GRONINGEN</strong>, using trackers developed by the University of Amsterdam Bird Tracking System (UvA-BiTS, <a href="http://www.uva-bits.nl">http://www.uva-bits.nl</a>). The study was operational from 2012 until 2018. In total 4 individuals of western marsh harriers (<em>Circus aeruginosus</em>) have been tagged in their breeding area in the province Groningen (the Netherlands) close to the Netherlands-Germany border, mainly to study their habitat use and migration behaviour. Data are uploaded from the UvA-BiTS database to Movebank and from there archived on Zenodo (see <a href="https://github.com/inbo/bird-tracking">https://github.com/inbo/bird-tracking</a>). No new data are expected.</p> <p>See Milotic et al. (2020, <a href="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.947.52570">https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.947.52570</a>) for a more detailed description of this dataset.</p> <h2>Files</h2> <p>Data in this package are exported from Movebank study <a href="https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study922263102">922263102</a>. Fields in the data follow the <a href="http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB">Movebank Attribute Dictionary</a> and are described in <code>datapackage.json</code>. Files are structured as a <a href="https://specs.frictionlessdata.io/data-package/">Frictionless Data Package</a>. You can access all data in R via <code>https://zenodo.org/records/10053658/files/datapackage.json</code> using <a href="https://frictionlessdata.github.io/frictionless-r/">frictionless</a>.</p> <ul> <li><strong>datapackage.json</strong>: technical description of the data files.</li> <li><strong>H_GRONINGEN-reference-data.csv</strong>: reference data about the animals, tags and deployments.</li> <li><strong>H_GRONINGEN-gps-yyyy.csv.gz</strong>: GPS data recorded by the tags, grouped by year.</li> <li><strong>H_GRONINGEN-acceleration-yyyy.csv.gz</strong>: acceleration data recorded by the tags, grouped by year.</li> </ul>
Plant community compositional stability over 40 years in a Fraser River Estuary tidal freshwater marsh
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Long-term data sets documenting temporal changes in vegetation communities are uncommon, yet imperative for understanding trends and triggering potential conservation management interventions. For example, decreasing species diversity and increasing non-native species abundance may be indicative of decreasing community stability. We explored long-term plant community change over a 40-year period through the contribution of data collected in 2019 to two historical datasets collected in 1979 and 1999 to evaluate decadal changes in plant community biodiversity in a tidal freshwater marsh in the Fraser River Estuary in British Columbia, Canada. We found that plant assemblages were characterized by similar indicator species, but most other indicator species changed, and that overall </span><span>α-diversity</span><span> decreased while </span><span>β</span><span>-diversity increased. Further, we found evidence for plant assemblage homogenization through the increased abundance of invasive species such as yellow flag iris (<em>Iris pseudacorus</em>), and reed canary grass (<em>Phalaris arundinacea</em>). These observations may inform concepts of habitat stability in the absence of direct anthropogenic disturbance and corroborate globally observed trends of native species loss and non-native species encroachment. Our results indicate that within the Fraser River Estuary, active threat management may be necessary in areas of conservation concern in order to prevent further native species biodiversity loss. </span></p>
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