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642 results for “ornaments”
FIGURE 4 in Fusarium kamalianum, a new species of Fusarium from India from ornamental Chamaedorea seifrizii
FIGURE 4. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of new species, Fusarium kamalianum, generated by maximum-likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS, LSU, tef-1α, rpb2, and tub2 sequence data. Different species complexes of Fusarium were used in the study to figure out the taxonomic position of F. kamalianum. The new species, Fusarium kamalianum, is represented in blue bold.
FIGURE 2. A in Fusarium kamalianum, a new species of Fusarium from India from ornamental Chamaedorea seifrizii
FIGURE 2. A. Rotted stem of Chamaedorea seifrizii (Bamboo palm); B. Wilted leaf of Chamaedorea seifrizii (Bamboo palm); C. In vitro culture of the pathogen of Chamaedorea seifrizii (F. kamalianum) on PDA; Pure colony of F. kamalianum growing on PDA after a week; D. Front view; F. Reverse view; E. Pure colony of F. kamalianum growing on SNA.
FIGURE 2 in Notes on the ornamental potential and taxonomy of Justicia (Acanthaceae, Justicieae), including a first record for the Paraíba flora, Brazil
FIGURE 2. Justicia thunbergioides (Lindau) Leonard. A. Flower; B. Fruit; C. Habit; D.–F. Floral visitors (Photoed by V.F. de Sousa in August, 2015).
FIGURE 2. A–L. Encalypta altunense S. Mamtimin & E. Sabiram. SEM images. A–B. Dorsal surface. C–D.Ventral surface. E. Plant. F. Capsule. G. Calyptra. H. Broken peristome. I. Spore. J. Exine ornamentation. K. Spore. L in Encalypta altunense S. Mamtimin & E. Sabiram sp. nov. (Encalyptaceae, Musci), a new moss species from Xinjiang, northwestern China
FIGURE 2. A–L. Encalypta altunense S. Mamtimin & E. Sabiram. SEM images. A–B. Dorsal surface. C–D.Ventral surface. E. Plant. F. Capsule. G. Calyptra. H. Broken peristome. I. Spore. J. Exine ornamentation. K. Spore. L. Exine ornamentation. (from the holotype: S. Mamtimin 16753, XJU).
FIGURE 2. Salvia ozolotepecensis, floral details. A Calyx. B Ovary and gynobase. C Corola. D Stamens. E Stamen detail showing connective ornamentation. F in Salvia ozolotepecensis, S. patriciae and S. sirenis (Lamiaceae), three new species from Miahuatlán district, Oaxaca, Mexico
FIGURE 2. Salvia ozolotepecensis, floral details. A Calyx. B Ovary and gynobase. C Corola. D Stamens. E Stamen detail showing connective ornamentation. F Style apex [Photographs taken from I. Fragoso 369 (MEXU!)].
Data from: The size of a melanin-based plumage ornament correlates with glucocorticoid receptor concentrations in the skin of that ornament
Glucocorticoid hormones such as corticosterone (CORT) play crucial roles in many physiological processes. CORT's actions are primarily mediated via binding to two receptors (glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR)) in different target tissues. CORT receptors can be independently regulated from circulating hormone titers, from tissue to tissue and even within different regions of the same tissue type. Increasing evidence has shown relationships between circulating CORT and melanin-based pigmentation in skin and feathers, yet to our knowledge there have been no studies of CORT receptors in the skin of melanized ornaments. Male house sparrows (Passer domesticus) have a black, melanized bib, and evidence suggests that bib size is an important intraspecific signal. We examined the relationship between bib area and tissue sensitivity to CORT by quantifying GR and MR in bib skin and in adjacent paler-feathered belly skin (as a control tissue) at different life history stages using radioligand binding assays. Males with larger bibs relative to their life history stage had less GR in bib skin, but not belly skin, than males with smaller bibs. These results suggest a connection between the size of a melanin-based ornament and the underlying tissue's responsiveness to CORT.
Data from: Male stress response is related to ornamentation but not resistance to oxidative stress in a warbler
1. Ornaments are thought to honestly signal individual quality to potential mates. Individual quality may include the ability to cope with stress through the production of glucocorticoids (GCs), which help to redirect resources from growth or reproduction to survival during an acute stress response. However, elevated levels of GCs may also increase oxidative stress and reduce immune function. Thus, an important question is whether high quality individuals, with more elaborate ornaments, signal their ability to produce a strong stress response and mitigate some of the negative effects of doing so through higher resistance to oxidative stress. 2. We tested whether ornamentation and resistance to oxidative stress were related to the magnitude of the increase in corticosterone (CORT), the main GC in birds, during an acute stress response in common yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas). Males in this species have two plumage ornaments, a black (eumelanin-based) facial mask and a yellow (carotenoid-based) bib. We measured the increase in CORT in response to capture and handling. 3. Males with more elaborate ornaments (larger masks and more colourful bibs) had a greater increase in CORT during an acute stress response. However, the increase in CORT was not related to resistance to oxidative stress. 4. These results suggest that both melanin- and carotenoid-based plumage ornaments can signal the ability of a male to cope with stressors through a greater increase in CORT. Thus, the association between ornamentation and stress induced CORT is not likely due to a mechanism specific to a particular colour (melanin or carotenoid), but instead may result from more general interactions between CORT and health or condition.
Data from: Climate change upends selection on ornamentation in a wild bird
Secondary sexual traits have high heritabilities and are exposed to strong, environmentally sensitive selection, and so are expected to evolve rapidly in response to sustained environmental change. We examine the eco-evolutionary dynamics of ornament expression in a long-term study population of collared flycatchers, Ficedula albicollis, in which forehead patch size, which positively influences male reproductive success, declined markedly over 34 years. Annual fitness selection on forehead patch size switched from positive to negative during the study, a reversal that is accounted for by rising spring temperatures at the breeding site: highly ornamented males were selectively favoured following cold breeding seasons but selected against following warm breeding seasons. An 'individual animal model' describes a decline in the genetic values of breeding males during the study, which simulations showed was unlikely to result from drift alone. These results are thus consistent with adaptive evolution of a sexually selected trait in response to climate change.
Data for: Sex-specific ornament evolution is a consistent feature of climatic adaptation across space and time in dragonflies
<p><span>Adaptation to different climates fuels the origins and maintenance of biodiversity. Detailing how organisms optimize fitness for their local climate is therefore an essential goal in biology. Although we increasingly understand how survival-related traits evolve as organisms adapt to climatic conditions, it is unclear if organisms also optimize traits that coordinate </span><span><span>mating</span></span><span> between the sexes. Here, we show that dragonflies consistently adapt to warmer climates across space and time by evolving less male melanin ornamentation—a mating-related trait that also absorbs solar radiation and heats individuals above ambient temperatures. Continent-wide macroevolutionary analyses reveal that species inhabiting warmer climates evolve less male ornamentation. Community-science observations across ten species indicate that populations adapt to warmer parts of species' ranges </span><span><span>through microevolution of</span></span><span> smaller male ornaments. Observations from 2005-2019 detail that contemporary selective pressures oppose male ornaments in warmer years; and our climate-warming projections predict further decreases by 2070. Conversely, our analyses show that female ornamentation responds idiosyncratically to temperature across space and time, indicating the sexes evolve in different ways to meet the demands of the local climate. Overall, these macro- and microevolutionary findings demonstrate that organisms predictably optimize their mating-related traits for the climate just as they do their survival-related traits.</span></p>
FIGURE 3. A in Proboscis ornamentation as a diagnostic character for the Anoplodactylus californicus-digitatus complex (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) with an example from the Anoplodactylus eroticus female
FIGURE 3. A. Dorsal view of A. eroticus female. Scale bar = 500 m. B. Ventral view of ventral protuberances on proboscis of A. eroticus. C. Lateral view of protuberances of A. saxatilis (= A. digitatus) (Stock 1958a) from Suez Canal. D. Ventrolateral view of protuberances of A. digitatus from Lebanon. The proboscis configuration of females of A. digitatus in C and D is clearly different, which might imply the need of revision of the synonymy. E. Ventrolateral view of protuberances of A. versluysi. F. Ventral view of the outgrowths of female proboscis of A. californicus, note the onesegmented palps on each side of the proboscis. Scale bars = 100 m. G. Ventrolateral view of protuberances of A. evansi. Scale bar = 100 m. H. Close lateral view of protuberances in A. proliferus. Scale bar = 10 m.
FIGURE 5 in Proboscis ornamentation as a diagnostic character for the Anoplodactylus californicus-digitatus complex (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) with an example from the Anoplodactylus eroticus female
FIGURE 5. Lateral view of the head segment of A. eroticus female, proboscis directed to the right side of the page. A. Brightfield image with Nomarski optics. B. DAPI nuclear stain (originally blue) with a clear differentiation of a noncellular epicuticle. C. Phalloidin (originally green) labeling. Muscle fibres (thin arrow, in A and C) in the protuberances (thick arrow in A and C) extend to the lining of the foregut containing a filtration apparatus, the 'oyster basket', which appears as a dark region within the oesophagus or foregut (A). The epicuticle is perforated by a number of pores, visible dorsally and ventrally on the distal portion of the proboscis (A).
FIGURE 4. A in Proboscis ornamentation as a diagnostic character for the Anoplodactylus californicus-digitatus complex (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) with an example from the Anoplodactylus eroticus female
FIGURE 4. A. Frontal view of A. eroticus female head bearing protuberances on the proboscis (arrow). Epizoans on the cuticle are indicated with an asterisk (ch=chelifore, ot=ocular tubercle, pr= proboscis). Scale bar = 500 m. B. Lateral view of A. eroticus female head showing the anteriorly directed protuberances on the proboscis. C. Detail of the protuberances on A. eroticus magnified from A. Scale bars = 100 m. D. Ventral view of the smooth proboscis of an immature female of A. eroticus. Scale bar = 250 m. E. Anterolateral view of immature male A. eroticus, arrow pointing to ovigers partially formed. Scale bar = 500 m.
FIGURE 2 in Proboscis ornamentation as a diagnostic character for the Anoplodactylus californicus-digitatus complex (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) with an example from the Anoplodactylus eroticus female
FIGURE 2. Anoplodactylus eroticus male. Chelifores and proboscis directed to the left of the page. A. Ventral view showing the diagnostic character, coxal spurs on all legs (arrows). B. Dorsal view of male. C. Arrow pointing to genital pore at tip of ventral spur of second coxa of 4th leg. D. Coxal spur on 1st leg of same specimen with no genital pore. E. Cement gland dorsally on femur of second leg of A. eroticus male. F. Cement gland on femur of second leg of A. digitatus male. Scale bars A, B, E, F = 100 m; C, D= 10 m.
FIGURE 2. Buellia rugosissima, holotype. A. Habit. B. Ascospores showing a strongly rugulate ornamentation. C in Three new species of crustose Physciaceae from Guatemala, with notes on some additional species
FIGURE 2. Buellia rugosissima, holotype. A. Habit. B. Ascospores showing a strongly rugulate ornamentation. C. Buellia-type ascospores.
FIGURE 3 in Molecular identification of three of the most important mealybug species (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) on ornamental plants in Guilan province, Iran
FIGURE 3. Multiplex PCR by combination of five equimolar primers for COI (PC-F, PV-F, TP-F, C1-N-2191 and TL2-N- 3014). 1: 100 bp DNA ladder; 2: Pl. citri; 3,4: P. comstocki; 5,6: P. viburni; 7: Negative control.
FIGURE 1 in Molecular identification of three of the most important mealybug species (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) on ornamental plants in Guilan province, Iran
FIGURE 1. Schematic location of COI and primers used in this study including C1-J-1718/C1-N-2191 and C1-J-2183/TL2-N- 3014 (Simon et al. 1994).
FIGURES 15–18. Neopilionid spiracles. 15. Ballarra longipalpus, showing spines derived from hypertrophied surrounding ornamentation. 16 in Revision of the genus Megalopsalis (Arachnida: Opiliones: Phalangioidea) in Australia and New Zealand and implications for phalangioid classification 2773
FIGURES 15–18. Neopilionid spiracles. 15. Ballarra longipalpus, showing spines derived from hypertrophied surrounding ornamentation. 16. Australiscutum hunti, with no anterior ornamentation and hypertrophied posterior ornamentation. 17. Monoscutum titirangiense, with multiple spine rows over covering plate. 18. Same, close-up of individual spines.
Figure 7 in Anatomy, histology, and systematic implications of the head ornamentation in the males of four species of Limnonectes (Anura: Dicroglossidae)
Figure 7. Phylogeny depicting hypothesized relationships between the caruncle-bearing Limnonectes and their allies. Greyscale bars indicate taxa considered in this study and in previous studies to comprise monophyletic groups.
Figure 4 in Anatomy, histology, and systematic implications of the head ornamentation in the males of four species of Limnonectes (Anura: Dicroglossidae)
Figure 4. Comparative overview of the histological structure of the caruncles in the four species of Limnonectes: A, Limnonectes dabanus; B, Limnonectes gyldenstolpei; C, Limnonectes macrognathus; D, Limnonectes plicatellus. Note that in spite of the fundamentally differing external morphology, the histology is virtually identical: a size-variable pad of connective tissue (ct) lies between the skin (sk) and the parietal bone (pb). Scale bars: 2 mm.
Figure 5 in Anatomy, histology, and systematic implications of the head ornamentation in the males of four species of Limnonectes (Anura: Dicroglossidae)
Figure 5. Details of the histological structure of the caruncle. A, dorsal portion of the caruncle parasagitally sectioned and showing the typically layered skin, with underlying connective tissue (ct). Abbreviations: ct, connective tissue; lc, lamina calcarea; sc, stratum corneum; sco, stratum compactum; sg, stratum germinativum; ss, stratum spongiosum. B, transverse section through the lateral margin showing the overall homogeneity of the caruncle. C, D, irregular osseous projections (op) of the parietal bone at the anterior margin of the caruncle. E, detail of dense connective tissue. F, cleavage within the connective tissue of a flap-like caruncle. G, detail of the connective tissue showing capillaries (arrowheads) of various dimensions and fat cells (fc). Limnonectes macrognathus is shown in (A), (D), and (E); L. gyldenstolpei is shown in (B), (F), and (G); L. dabanus is shown in (C). Scale bars: A, D, E, G, 100 μm; C, 200 μm; B, F, 500 μm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.