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Figure 4 in Morphology and phylogeny of a new soil ciliate, Colpodidium zelihayildizae n. sp. (Ciliophora, Nassophorea, Colpodidiidae), from Van, Turkey
Figure 4. Alignment of the SSU-rDNA sequences of C. caudatum (EU264560) and C. zelihayildizae n. sp. (MW411350) to show the substitution positions.
Figure 3 in Morphology and phylogeny of a new soil ciliate, Colpodidium zelihayildizae n. sp. (Ciliophora, Nassophorea, Colpodidiidae), from Van, Turkey
Figure 3. Microphotographs of C. zelihayildizae n. sp. with silver carbonate staining (a–f): a, b: Ventral ciliature of representative individuals. c: Dorsal ciliature of representative individual. d, e: Oral ciliature to show paroral membranelle, NO1 and NO3, and postoral kineties 1−4. f: Oral ciliature to show NO2 and NO3. Arrowheads in Figure d show the dikinetidal section of K1. Cyt: cytopyge, EP: excretory pore, K1: the kinety on the right side of oral apparatus, Ma: macronucleus, NO1−NO3: nassulid organelles 1−3, PM: paroral membrane, PO1−PO4: postoral kinety 1−4, Arrowheads in figure d show dikinetidal section of K1.
Figure 2 in Morphology and phylogeny of a new soil ciliate, Colpodidium zelihayildizae n. sp. (Ciliophora, Nassophorea, Colpodidiidae), from Van, Turkey
Figure 2. Micropotographs of C. zelihayildizae n. sp. live (a–d) and silver nitrate-stained (e−f). BC: buccal cavity, CV: contractile vacuole, Ma: macronucleus, NO2: nassulid organelle 2, NO3: nassulid organelle 3, PM: paroral membranelle. Arrowheads show the furrowed edge of the antero-ventral surface. Scale bars 20 mm.
Figure 1 in Morphology and phylogeny of a new soil ciliate, Colpodidium zelihayildizae n. sp. (Ciliophora, Nassophorea, Colpodidiidae), from Van, Turkey
Figure 1. Morphology, infraciliature, and cortical structure of C. zelihayildizae n. sp. live (a– d), and silver nitrate- and silver carbonatestained (f–j). a: Ventral view of a representative individual. b–d: Left lateral, right lateral, and dorsal view, respectively, to show general body outline, buccal cavity, contractile vacuole, and nuclear localization. e: Part of the pellicle to show silverline system. f, g: Infraciliature in ventral (f) and dorsal view (g). h, i: Oral ciliature in different focal levels. BC: buccal cavity, CV: contractile vacuole, Cyt: cytopyge, DK: dikinetid part of K1, EP: excretory pore, K1: the kinety on the right side of oral apparatus, Ma: macronucleus, Mi: micronucleus, NO1−NO3: nassulid organelles 1−3, PM: paroral membrane, PO1−PO4: postoral kinety 1−4. Small arrows (h, i) show dikinetids above the excretory pore. Scale bars 20 mm.
Figure 5 in Morphology and phylogeny of a new soil ciliate, Colpodidium zelihayildizae n. sp. (Ciliophora, Nassophorea, Colpodidiidae), from Van, Turkey
Figure 5. Phylogenetic tree obtained from SSU rRNA gene sequences analyses using ML and BI methods to show the position of C. zelihayildizae (in red and bold). The numbers on the nodes represent the bootstrap values of the ML analysis and posterior probabilities of BI analysis, respectively. Full support in both analyses (100% ML and 1.00 BI) is marked with a bold circle. The scale bar indicates 9 substitutions per 100 nucleotide positions.
Fig. 3 in A tough nutlet to crack: Resolving the phylogeny of Thesium (Thesiaceae), the largest genus in Santalales
Fig. 3. Photographs of the outgroup (Lacomucinaea) and representatives of the major clades of Thesium. The numbers in the upper right corners correspond to clade numbers on the Bayesian tree (Fig. 2A). Details of flower and/or fruits are shown in the insets. A, Lacomucinaea clade, L. lineata; B, Kunkeliella clade, T. subsucculentum; C, Thesidium clade, T. fragile; D, Mauritanica clade, T. mauritanicum; E, Humilia clade, T. humile; F, Macranthia clade, T. szowitsii; G, Eurasian clade, T. minkwitzianum; H, Procumbens clade, T. brachyphyllum; I, Parnassi clade, T. parnassi; J, Bavarum clade, T. bavarum; K, Alpina clade, T. alpinum; L, Linophylla clade, T. humifusum; M, Second Asian Radiation, T. catalaunicum; N, Rostratum clade, T. rostratum; O, Multicaule clade, T. ebracteatum; P, Australe clade, T. chinense; Q, Longifolia clade, T. refractum; R, Ramosum clade, T. ramosum; S, Himalensia clade, T. himalense; T, Alatavicum clade, T. alatavicum. — For photo credits, see suppl. Appendix S3.
Fig. 5 in A tough nutlet to crack: Resolving the phylogeny of Thesium (Thesiaceae), the largest genus in Santalales
Fig. 5. Photographs of representatives of the major clades of Thesium species. The numbers in the upper right corners correspond to clade numbers on the Bayesian tree (Fig. 2C,D). L.S. = longitudinal section. A, Ussanguense clade, T. passerinoides, herbarium specimen (Christiaensen 2495, BR) with rehydrated flowers and fruits; B, Stuhlmannii clade, T. fimbriatum, herbarium specimen (Goldblatt 8056, MO) with rehydrated flowers and fruits; C, Austroamericium clade, T. aphyllum, habit and flowers; D, Tenuissimum clade, T. tenuissimum, herbarium specimen (Meijer 15407, BR) with rehydrated flowers; E, Reekmansii clade, T. madagascariense, herbarium specimen (Evrard 11284, BR) with rehydrated flower; F, Reekmansii clade, T. wilczekianum Lawalrée, herbarium specimen (Milne-Redhead 3581, BR), dissected flower from rehydrated herbarium specimen (Malaisse 8407, BR). Asterisk denotes calyx lobe; G, Filipes clade, T. filipes, flowering shoot, flowers, fruit. Asterisks denote calyx lobes; H, Amicorum clade, T. amicorum, herbarium specimen and rehydrated flowers (Lisowski & al. 5736, BR); I, Viride clade, T. equisetoides, flower shoots and flower developmental series; J, Viride clade, T. fastigiatum, habit and flowers; K, Angulosum clade, T. angulosum, shoot with floral buds, flowers, fruit L.S.; L, Cupressoides clade, T. cupressoides, habit, flowers, young fruits; M, LDD2 clade, T. radicans, habit, fruits; N, LDD2 clade, T. psilotoides, herbarium specimen and rehydrated flowers and fruits (Williams 1310, NY); O, LDD2 clade, T. decaryanum, flowering shoot and closer view of flowers; P, Pallidum clade, T. pallidum, flowering shoots, flowers, fruit; Q, Cornigerum clade, T. cornigerum, shoot with flowers and young fruits, close-up of same; R, Kilimandscharicum clade, T. dolichomeras, habit, flowers, fruits; S, Resedoides clade, T. resedoides, habit, flower, young fruits; T, Gracile clade, T. gracile, habit, flowers, fruit. — For photo credits, see suppl. Appendix S3.
Fig. 4 in A tough nutlet to crack: Resolving the phylogeny of Thesium (Thesiaceae), the largest genus in Santalales
Fig. 4. Photographs of representatives of the major clades of mostly South African Thesium species. The numbers in the upper right corners correspond to clade numbers on the Bayesian tree (Fig. 2B,C). L.S = longitudinal section. A, African clade, T. nautimontanum, rehydrated herbarium specimens showing flower and young fruits (ˇSibík & ˇSibíková MS463, MA); B, Spinosum clade, T. spinulosum, shoot with flowers and fruits, flower and L.S., fruit L.S.; C, Namaquense clade, T. lacinulatum, habit, flower and fruits; D, Triflorum clade, T. scandens, flowering shoots, flowers, and fruit L.S.; E, Triflorum clade, T. triflorum; F, Core Cape clade, T. euphorbioides, flowering shoots, flowers, and fruit L.S.; G, Foliosum clade, T. foliosum, flowering shoots, flower L.S., and fruit L.S.; H, Ericaefolium clade, T. ericaefolium, flowering shoots, flowers, and fruits; I, Scirpioides clade, T. flexuosum, flowering shoots, flower L.S., and fruit L.S.; J, Strictum clade, T. albomontanum, habit, flower L.S., and fruits; K, Capitatum clade, T. carinatum, shoots with young fruits, flower L.S., and fruit L.S.; L, Annulata clade, T. funale, shoots with flowers and young fruits, flower L.S., and fruit L.S; M, Nigromontanum clade, T. nigromontanum, shoots with flowers and young fruits, flower L.S., and fruit L.S.; N, Virgatum clade, T. pseudovirgatum, habit, flower L.S., and fruit L.S.; O, Capitellatum clade, T. prostratum, flowering shoots, flower L.S., and fruit L.S.; P, Acuminatum clade, T. capituliflorum, flowering shoots, flower L.S., and fruit L.S.; Q, Hispidulum clade, T. hispidulum, flowering shoots, flower L.S., and fruit L.S.; R, Commutatum clade, T. commutatum, shoots with flowers and young fruits, flower L.S., and fruit L.S.; S, Gnidiaceum clade, T. gnidiaceum (left); T. impeditum (right), inflorescences; T, Gnidiaceum clade, T. oresigenum (left) showing pendant habit and flowers; T. phyllostachyum (right) inflorescence and flower close-up. — For photo credits, see suppl. Appendix S3.
Data and scripts for Co-phylogeny, narrow host breadth and local conditions drive highly specialized bird-haemosporidian associations in West-Central African sky islands
<p>This document includes the raw datafiles, host and parasite phylogenies and r-code use to conduct analyses for "Co-phylogeny, narrow host breadth and local conditions drive highly specialized bird-haemosporidian associations in West-Central African sky islands". Please see the readme file to get more detailed information about each file.</p>
Data from: Molecular Dating of Phylogeny of Sturgeons (Acipenseridae) Based on Total Evidence Analysis
<p>Bayesian chronograms (original and updated 08.10.2022) of cladogenesis of fossil and recent Acipenseriformes reconstructed on the basis of combined (mtDNA, morphological characters) data.</p>
Fig. 21 in A New Brontothere (Brontotheriidae, Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Eocene of the Ily Basin of Kazakstan and a Phylogeny of Asian ''Horned'' Brontotheres
Fig. 21. Logratio diagrams of the main limb segments of (A) brontotheres, (B) Hyrachyus and various rhinocerotoids, and (C) and a phylogenetically disparate assemblage of species, including extant hippos (Hippopotamus and Hexaprotodon) and extinct species with hippolike limb proportions including rhinocerotids (Teleoceras and Chilotherium), an amynodontid (Metamynodon), and a notoungulate (Toxodon). Abbreviations: (H), humerus; (R), radius; (MC), third metacarpal; (F), femur; (T), tibia; (MT), third metatarsal.
Fig. 8. Amphicticeps dorog, n in Amphicticeps and Amphicynodon (Arctoidea, Carnivora) from Hsanda Gol Formation, Central Mongolia and Phylogeny of Basal Arctoids with Comments on Zoogeography
Fig. 8. Amphicticeps dorog, n.sp. A, lateral view of upper teeth, MAE SG.9194, holotype; B, lateral view of anterior ramal fragment, MAE SG.91.9192; C, occlusal view of upper teeth, MAE SG.9194, holotype, stereophotos; D, occlusal (stereophoto), E, lingual, F, labial views of lower jaw fragment, AMNH 21672. Scales 5 10 mm; top scale is for B, middle scale for A, C–D, and lower scale for E and F.
Fig. 14 in Amphicticeps and Amphicynodon (Arctoidea, Carnivora) from Hsanda Gol Formation, Central Mongolia and Phylogeny of Basal Arctoids with Comments on Zoogeography
Fig. 14. Stereophotos of a cast of PIN 475–3016 (holotype of Cynodictis mongoliensis Janovskaja, 1970). A, occlusal view of upper teeth and B, occlusal view of lower teeth. Scales 5 10 mm.
Fig. 5 in Amphicticeps and Amphicynodon (Arctoidea, Carnivora) from Hsanda Gol Formation, Central Mongolia and Phylogeny of Basal Arctoids with Comments on Zoogeography
Fig. 5. Ventrolateral view of the right side of the basicranium of Amphicticeps shackelfordi, AMNH 19010, holotype. The region near the postglenoid process is reconstructed from that of the left side. cfn, canal for facial nerve; cica, canal for internal carotid artery; er, epitympanic recess; fc, fenestra cochleae (fenestra rotunda); fo, foramen ovale; fs, fossa for stapedius muscle; ftt, fossa for tensor tympani muscle; fv, fenestra vestibuli (fenestra ovalis); Gf, Glaserian fissure; ips, inferior petrosal sinus; mlf, middle lacerate foramen; mp, mastoid process; pf, promontory foramen; pgf, postglenoid foramen; plf, posterior lacerate foramen; pp, paroccipital process; pr, promontorium; sf, suprameatal fossa.
Fig. 13 in Amphicticeps and Amphicynodon (Arctoidea, Carnivora) from Hsanda Gol Formation, Central Mongolia and Phylogeny of Basal Arctoids with Comments on Zoogeography
Fig. 13. Teeth and lower jaw of Amphicynodon teilhardi. A, lateral view of upper teeth, PST 17/ 34; B, occlusal view of upper teeth, PIN 475–1388; C, occlusal view of upper teeth, PST 17/34, stereophotos; D, occlusal view of lower teeth, AMNH 19007, holotype, stereophotos; E, lingual, and F, labial views of lower jaw, AMNH 19007, holotype. All, except E and F, are photographs of a polyester cast. Scales 5 10 mm.
Figs 1–4 in Contribution To The Taxonomy And Phylogeny Of The Genus Polia Ochsenheimer, 1816 (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini): Species Groups And Pairs In The Holarctic Subgenus Polia S. Str.
Figs 1–4. Male aedeagus of Polia complex: 1 = Polia hepatica (Clerck, 1759), slide no. RL12391, Czech Republic, 2 = Haderonia iomelas (Draudt, 1950), slide no. VZ8003, China, Sichuan, 3 = Ctenoceratoda sukharevae (Varga, 1974), slide no. VZ9239, Mongolia, 4 = Tricheurois cuprina (Moore, 1881), slide no. VZ9234, Nepal
Figs 11–16 in Contribution To The Taxonomy And Phylogeny Of The Genus Polia Ochsenheimer, 1816 (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini): Species Groups And Pairs In The Holarctic Subgenus Polia S. Str.
Figs 11–16. Male genital capsula of Polia species: 11 = P. tiefi Püngeler, 1914, slide no. VZ9792, Russia, Buryatia, 12 = P. vespertilio (Draudt, 1934), slide no. VZ9954, Mongolia, 13 = P. malchani (Draudt, 1934), slide no. VZ9779, Mongolia, 14 = P. vesperugo Eversmann, 1856, slide no. VZ2/72, Sayan Mts (holotype of Mamestra conspicua Bang-Haas, 1912), 15 = P. propodea McCabe, 1980, slide no. VZ8969, North America, 16 = P. serratilinea (Treitschke, 1825), slide no. KÁ1586, Greece
Figs 5–10 in Contribution To The Taxonomy And Phylogeny Of The Genus Polia Ochsenheimer, 1816 (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini): Species Groups And Pairs In The Holarctic Subgenus Polia S. Str.
Figs 5–10. Male genital capsula of Polia species: 5 = Polia subcontigua (Eversmann, 1852), slide no. VZ9175, Kirghisia, 6 = P. hepatica (Clerck, 1759), slide no. RL12396, Mongolia, 7 = P. griseifusa (Draudt, 1950), slide no. VZ9523, China, Sichuan, 8 = P. lamuta (Herz, 1903), slide no. VZ8266, Sweden, 9 = P. richardsoni (Curtis, 1835), slide no. RL12012, Greenland, 10 = P. rogenhoferi (Möschler, 1870), slide no. VZ8970, North America
Fig. 28 in Contribution To The Taxonomy And Phylogeny Of The Genus Polia Ochsenheimer, 1816 (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini): Species Groups And Pairs In The Holarctic Subgenus Polia S. Str.
Fig. 28. Tree constructed from published barcoding results of the North American, Central and Northern European species, and the known gene bank sequences
Figs 17–21 in Contribution To The Taxonomy And Phylogeny Of The Genus Polia Ochsenheimer, 1816 (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini): Species Groups And Pairs In The Holarctic Subgenus Polia S. Str.
Figs 17–21. Male genital capsula of Polia species: 17 = P. goliath (Oberthür, 1880), slide no. RL11031, North Korea, 18 = P. nebulosa (Clerck, 1759), slide no. RL12419, Czech Republic, 19 = P. lama (Staudinger, 1896), slide no. VZ9783, Kirghisia, 20 = P. discalis (Grote, 1877), slide no. VZ8972, North America, 21 = P. piniae Buckett et Bauer, 1967, slide no. VZ9944, Canada
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