Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
500
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
500 results for “semi-arid”
Figures 3-5 from: França LF, Figueiredo-Paixão V, Duarte-Silva TA, Santos K (2020) The effects of rainfall and arthropod abundance on breeding season of insectivorous birds, in a semi-arid neotropical environment. Zoologia 37: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e37716
Figures 3-5 (3) Aerial arthropod biomass, (4) accumulated precipitation and (5) active brood patches, during 27 sampling events. Data recorded between October 2015 and October 2016, with 14-day intervals, in an area of seasonally dry Neotropical forest in northeastern Brazil. The biomass were converted to proportion using the ratio between abundance at each sampling event and total abundance during the study. Brood patch was converted to proportion using the ratio between individuals with brood patches and total individuals captured during a sampling event. *In one month, we had three, instead of two, monthly samplings as a result of the 14-day interval between samples.
Figures 1-2 from: França LF, Figueiredo-Paixão V, Duarte-Silva TA, Santos K (2020) The effects of rainfall and arthropod abundance on breeding season of insectivorous birds, in a semi-arid neotropical environment. Zoologia 37: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e37716
Figures 1-2 (1) Biomass and (2) number of arthropods recorded during 27 sampling events. Solid lines represent the aerial arthropods (windowpane trap and suction sampler), while dashed lines show terrestrial arthropod (pitfall trap). Data recorded between October 2015 and October 2016, with 14-day intervals, in an area of seasonally dry Neotropical forest, in northeastern Brazil. The abundance (biomass and number) were converted to proportion using the ratio between abundance at each sampling event and total abundance during the study. *In one month, we had three, instead of two, monthly samplings as a result of the 14-day interval between samples.
Large herbivores maintain a two-phase herbaceous vegetation mosaic in a semi-arid savanna
<ol> <li>Many arid and semi-arid rangelands exhibit distinct spatial patterning of vegetated and bare-soil-dominated patches. The latter potentially represent a grazing-induced, degraded ecosystem state, but could also arise via mechanisms related to feedbacks between vegetation cover and soil moisture availability that are unrelated to grazing. The degree to which grazing contributes to the formation or maintenance of degraded patches has been widely discussed and modelled, but empirical studies of the role of grazing in their formation, persistence, and reversibility are limited. </li> <li>We report on a long-term (17 yr) grazing removal experiment in a semi-arid savanna where vegetated patches composed of perennial grasses were interspersed within large (>10 m<sup>2</sup>) patches of bare soil. </li> <li>Short term (3 yr) grazing removal did not allow bare patches to become revegetated, whereas following long-term (17 yr) grazing removal, bare soil patches were revegetated by a combination of stoloniferous grasses and tufted bunchgrasses. In the presence of grazers, stoloniferous grasses partially recolonized bare patches, but this did not lead to full recovery or to the establishment of tufted bunchgrasses. </li> <li>These results show that grazers alter both the balance between bare and vegetated patches, as well as the types of grasses dominating both patch types in this semiarid savanna. </li> <li>Synthesis: Large herbivores fundamentally shaped the composition and spatial pattern of the herbaceous layer by maintaining a two-phase herbaceous mosaic. However, bare patches within this mosaic can recover given herbivore removal over sufficiently long time scales, and hence do not represent a permanently degraded ecosystem state. </li> </ol>
Data from: Phylogenetic structure and formation mechanism of shrub communities in arid and semi-arid areas of the Mongolian Plateau
<p>The mechanisms of species coexistence within a community have always been the focus in ecological research. Community phylogenetic structure reflects the relationship of historical processes, regional environments and interactions between species, and studying it is imperative to understand the formation and maintenance mechanisms of community composition and biodiversity.</p> <p>We studied the phylogenetic structure of the shrub communities in arid and semiarid areas of the Mongolian Plateau. First, the phylogenetic signals of four plant traits (height, canopy, leaf length and leaf width) of shrubs and subshrubs were measured to determine the phylogenetic conservation of these traits. Then the net relatedness index (NRI) of shrub communities was calculated to characterize their phylogenetic structure. Finally, the relationship between the NRI and current climate and paleoclimate (since the Last Glacial Maximum, LGM) factors was analyzed to understand the formation and maintenance mechanisms of these plant communities. We found that desert shrub communities showed a trend towards phylogenetic overdispersion, that is, limiting similarity was predominant in arid and semi-arid areas of the Mongolian Plateau despite the phylogenetic structure and formation mechanisms differing across habitats. The typical desert and sandy shrub communities showed a significant phylogenetic overdispersion, while the steppified desert shrub communities showed a weak phylogenetic clustering. It was found that mean winter temperature (i.e. in the driest quarter) was the major factor limiting steppified desert shrub phylogeny distribution. Both cold and drought (despite having opposite consequences) differentiated the typical desert to steppified desert shrub communities. The increase in temperature since the LGM is conducive to the invasion of shrub plants into steppe grassland, and this process may be intensified by global warming.</p>
Data from: Seasonality of soil moisture mediates responses of ecosystem phenology to elevated CO2 and warming in a semi-arid grassland
Vegetation greenness, detected using digital photography, is useful for monitoring phenology of plant growth, carbon uptake, and water loss at the ecosystem level. Assessing ecosystem phenology by greenness is especially useful in spatially extensive, water-limited ecosystems such as the grasslands of the western United States, where productivity is moisture dependent and may become increasingly vulnerable to future climate change. We used repeat photography and a novel means of quantifying greenness in digital photographs to assess how the individual and combined effects of warming and elevated CO2 impact ecosystem phenology (greenness and plant cover) in a semi-arid grassland over an 8-year period. Climate variability within and among years was the proximate driver of ecosystem phenology. Individual and combined effects of warming and elevated CO2 were significant at times, but mediated by variation in both intra- and inter-annual precipitation. Specifically, warming generally enhanced plant cover and greenness early in the growing season but often had a negative effect during the middle of the summer, offsetting the early season positive effects. The individual effects of elevated CO2 on plant cover and greenness were generally neutral. Opposing seasonal variations in the effects of warming and less so elevated CO2 cancelled each other out over an entire growing season, leading to no net effect of treatments on annual accumulation of greenness. The main effect of elevated CO2 dampened quickly, but warming continued to affect plant cover and plot greenness throughout the experiment. The combination of warming and elevated CO2 had a generally positive effect on greenness, especially early in the growing season and in later years of the experiment, enhanced annual greenness accumulation. However, interannual precipitation variation had larger effect on greenness, with 2-3 times greater greenness in wet years than in dry years. Synthesis. Seasonal variation in timing and amount of precipitation governs grassland phenology, greenness, and the potential for carbon uptake. Our results indicate that concurrent changes in precipitation regimes mediate vegetation responses to warming and elevated atmospheric CO2 in semi-arid grasslands. Even small changes in vegetation phenology and greenness in response to warming and rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations, such as those we report here, can have large consequences for the future of grasslands.
Data from: Grazer effects on soil carbon storage vary by herbivore assemblage in a semi-arid grassland
1. Accounting for 10-30% of global soil organic carbon, grassland soils potentially present a large reservoir for storing atmospheric CO2. Livestock grazing management can substantially affect grassland soil carbon (C) storage, but few controlled experiments have explored how herbivore assemblages (different herbivore species and combinations) affect soil C storage. 2. We examined effects of moderate grazing by different herbivore assemblages (no grazing; sheep grazing; cattle grazing; mixed grazing by sheep and cattle) on soil organic carbon storage in two types of grassland communities (high forbs/high diversity and low forbs/low diversity), within a semi-arid grassland with a five-year grazing history. 3. We found that herbivore assemblage generated varying effects on soil C storage and the effects were subject to grassland community types. In the low diversity community, none of three herbivore assemblages studied had obvious effects on soil C storage. In the high diversity community, however, sheep grazing significantly decreased soil C storage due to high selectivity for high quality forbs, and cattle grazing had no effects on soil C storage, while mixed grazing by sheep and cattle significantly increased soil C storage. Overall, soil C storage was highest in mixed-grazed grassland sites with high diversity. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our study suggests that explicitly incorporating grazer species and the combination of grazing livestock into grassland grazing management may help mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Caution should be exercised when using grazer species with high food selectivity when grazing management is also aimed at climate mitigation, especially in grasslands with abundant high quality forbs and high plant diversity, as sheep grazing may reduce soil carbon (C) storage. Moreover, mixed grazing, including multiple herbivore species, may contribute to a reduction in foraging selectivity for a plant community by means of complementary foraging. It could therefore be considered as an optimal grazing management strategy to maintain and improve soil C storage.
Data from: Life in interstitial space: biocrusts inhibit exotic but not native plant establishment in semi-arid grasslands
1. Exotic plant species commonly exploit disturbances more successfully than native plants. This outcome is widely attributed to the fact that disturbance reduces biotic resistance from native plant competitors. However, biocrusts, communities of mosses, lichens and microorganisms, are a prominent component of semi-arid grasslands occurring in the interstitial spaces between vascular plants. Biocrusts may provide an important source of biotic resistance to invaders, different from native plant competition, but poorly understood. 2. We established a large-scale field experiment to examine how intact versus disturbed biocrusts influenced the emergence and establishment of four native and four exotic plant species in intermountain bunchgrass systems over two years - one wet and one dry. We also conducted a complementary greenhouse experiment to explore how differences in moisture might influence biocrust effects on germination. 3. In the greenhouse, biocrusts inhibited the germination of both native and exotic plants in the high moisture treatment only. In field experiments, biocrusts inhibited the overall emergence of exotic seedlings in the wetter of the two years and inhibited the establishment of exotic seedlings in both years, but they had no overall effect on the emergence or establishment of native seedlings. Our results demonstrate that intact biocrusts in intermountain grasslands can suppress the establishment of some exotic plants, but have much weaker effects on natives. They also suggest that water availability may influence biocrust effects on seed germination. 4. Synthesis. Our results indicate that intact biocrusts may provide an important source of biotic resistance to exotic plant invasions in intermountain grasslands. Furthermore, precipitation inputs may mediate biocrust effects on plant establishment.
Data from: Grazing and resource availability control soil nematode body size and abundance-mass relationship in semi-arid grassland
1. Body size is a central functional trait in ecological communities. Despite recognition of the importance of above-belowground interactions, effects of aboveground herbivores on size and abundance-size relationships in soil fauna are almost uncharted. Depending on climate and soil properties, herbivores may increase basal resources of soil food webs, or reduce pore space, mechanisms expected to have contrasting effects on soil animal body size. 2. We investigated how body size and shape of soil nematodes responded to mammalian grazers in three semi-arid grassland sites, along a gradient of soil texture and organic matter (OM) in a long-term herbivore removal study. We analysed nematode mass, length, diameter, body size distribution, and biomass distribution. We formulated two mechanistic hypotheses to assess whether resource availability or pore space was the dominant abiotic control and modulated the effects of grazing. 3. In ungrazed soils, average and maximum nematode size, as well as abundance and biomass of large nematodes, were greater in the high-OM than in the low-OM soil, and intermediate in the medium-OM soil. Grazing promoted larger sizes in the low-OM soil, where it had been shown to increase organic matter and microbial biomass, and led to more homogeneous average size and body size distribution across sites. The results support the hypothesis that nematode size was controlled by basal resource availability rather than by pore space. However, body shape might have been constrained by small pores in the fine-texture, high-OM soil, where nematodes were more elongated. 4. Grazing may facilitate larger sizes in soil nematode communities by boosting basal resources where these are limiting, with important implications for estimations of nematode biomass and contribution to carbon and nutrient cycling. These findings contribute to the insofar-limited mechanistic understanding of how herbivores can shape functional traits of soil fauna, and demonstrate that animals at one trophic level may control patterns in body size and abundance-size relationships in other trophic levels without a direct predator-prey or competitive linkage between them.
FIGURE 3 in Ruehssia bahiensis: a new species of Apocynaceae endemic to a floristically neglected area within the Semi-arid of Bahia, Brazil
FIGURE 3. Geographical distribution of Ruehssia bahiensis and R. pickelii.
Driving factors of HONO and their synergy in Hohhot, a semi-arid city in northern China: Insights from interpretable machine learning approaches
<p>Research data includes air pollutants observation data and meteorological parameters data.</p>
FIGURE 6 in Toxorhynchites (Lynchiella) caatingensis sp. nov. (Diptera: Culicidae) from the semi-arid region of Brazil
FIGURE 6. Pupa of Toxorhynchites caatingensis n. sp. (lateral view, left side).
FIGURE 4 in Toxorhynchites (Lynchiella) caatingensis sp. nov. (Diptera: Culicidae) from the semi-arid region of Brazil
FIGURE 4. Larva of Toxorhynchites caatingensis n. sp. (dorsal view).
FIGURE 1 in Fabaceae Lindl. in a Conservation Unit in the Semi-Arid Region of Paraíba, Brazil
FIGURE 1. Location map of the Pico do Jabre massif, Paraíba, northeastern Brazil.
(Ceríaco et al. 2016a:27); "Espinheira" [-16.78886, 12.35761] (Ceríaco et al. 2016a:28). Taxonomic and distributional notes: Rhoptropus biporosus is closely allied to R. barnardi and one or more undescribed species of small-bodied congeners that occupy similar habitats in arid to semi-arid rocky areas bordering the Namib (Kuhn 2016). MAP 150. Distribution of Rhoptropus biporosus in Angola. in Diversity and Distribution of the Amphibians and Terrestrial Reptiles of Angola Atlas of Historical and Bibliographic Records (1840-2017)
(Ceríaco et al. 2016a:27); "Espinheira" [-16.78886, 12.35761] (Ceríaco et al. 2016a:28). Taxonomic and distributional notes: Rhoptropus biporosus is closely allied to R. barnardi and one or more undescribed species of small-bodied congeners that occupy similar habitats in arid to semi-arid rocky areas bordering the Namib (Kuhn 2016). MAP 150. Distribution of Rhoptropus biporosus in Angola.
ASU-BGU -Project - Echohydrology of semi-arid environments
<p>Lehavim LTER - main results and file of the matadata of Lehavim LTER research. </p>
ASU-BGU-Project - Echohydrology of semi-arid environments
<p>Lehavim LTER - main results and file of the matadata of Lehavim LTER research. </p>
Figure 2 in Diversity of sarcosaprophagous Diptera (Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae) in organic and conventional mango plantations in the Brazilian semi-arid region
Figure 2 Diptera species dominance ranking by management types. (a and b) Calliphoridae; (c and d) Sarcophagidae.
Figure 1 in Diversity of sarcosaprophagous Diptera (Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae) in organic and conventional mango plantations in the Brazilian semi-arid region
Figure 1 Rarefaction (solid lines) and extrapolation (dashed lines) curves for species richness (a), diversity of common (b) and dominant species (c) of Sarcosaprophagous in both, conventional (circle) organic (triangle) managements. Shadows refer to confidence interval after 999 simulations; d) non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) showing species composition distribution in both conventional (circle) organic (triangle) managements.
Fig. 129 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 129. Density plot of the distance from access routes (in km) of the points of occurrence (black bars) of species of Ibotyporanga Mello-Leitão, 1944, compared to the expected distance (blue bars) based on 200 random points sorted at a 20 km radius. Dashed lines represent the mean values (shown with the standard deviation beside them) for each class. Records of I. naideae Mello-Leitão, 1944 were excluded from this analysis.
Fig. 128 in Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments
Fig. 128. Ibotyporanga canudos Huber sp. nov. A–C. Female abdomens, ventral views, females from Brazil, Bahia, SE of Lagoa do Boi (A), ZFMK Ar 24387, Bahia, 25 km WNW of Morro do Chapéu (B), ZFMK Ar 24385, and from Bahia, 4 km SW of Andorinha (C), ZFMK Ar 24388. D–E. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views, same specimen as in A. F. Cleared female genitalia, ventral view, same specimen as in B. G. Cleared female genitalia, ventral view, same specimen as in C. Abbreviation: es = expandable membranous sac. Scale lines: 0.3 mm.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.