Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
22,710
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
22,710 results for “Plants for planting”
Data and code for "Shrubs inhibit plant diseases through reducing herbaceous biomass in alpine meadows"
<p>Supplementary Data and code for "Shrubs inhibit plant diseases through reducing herbaceous biomass in alpine meadows"</p>
Pattern and driver of the compositional variations in a tropical cloud forest: Comparing vascular epiphytes with terrestrial woody plants
<p>β-diversity patterns (the compositional variations across sites) and their drivers are the major concerns of biodiversity research and conservation practices, whereas such information remains scarce for vascular epiphytes, especially in tropical forest communities. This study aimed to reveal the pattern and driving process of the compositional variations of vascular epiphytes in a tropical cloud forest on Hainan island, southern China, and their differences from those of terrestrial woody plants. To this end, we quantified their between-habitat compositional variations and distinguished the underlying components of β-diversity (nestedness and turnover). We then examined the relative roles of niche-based and neutral processes in driving the compositional variations by using a null model approach. Our results showed that the between-habitat compositional variations were significant for both plant assemblages and stronger in vascular epiphytes than in terrestrial woody plants. The turnover component of β-diversity was significantly stronger in terrestrial woody plants, accounting for 73.16%–80.08% of the variations. By contrast, the nestedness component was significantly stronger in vascular epiphytes and characterized 46.82%–67.5% of the variations. Besides, the compositional variations of both plant assemblages, especially terrestrial woody plants, were generally poorly fitted by the simulated niche-based scenarios but well fitted by the simulated neutral scenarios. Overall, the compositional variations of both plant assemblages were significant and mainly due to dispersal limitation, albeit to varying degrees. Hence, further studies of these plant assemblages at local scales should not be ideologically limited to the niche-based framework. Moreover, the stronger nestedness observed in vascular epiphytes suggests the greater importance of prioritizing conservation efforts in the species-rich habitats for these plants.</p>
Data from: Combining the resurrection approach with transplant experiments to investigate adaptation of plant populations to environmental change
<p>Recent climatic changes, such as more frequent droughts and heatwaves, can lead to rapid evolutionary adaptations in plant populations. Such rapid evolution can be investigated using the resurrection approach by comparing plants raised from stored ancestral and contemporary seeds from the same population. This approach has so far only been used in common garden experiments, allowing it to reveal genetic differentiation but not adaptation. In this study, we performed a novel approach by testing for evolutionary adaptation in natural plant populations using a resurrection study in combination with in situ transplantations. We cultivated seedlings from ancestors (23–26 years old) and contemporary descendants of three perennial species (<em>Melica ciliata, Leontodon hispidus</em> and <em>Clinopodium vulgare</em>) from calcareous grasslands in the greenhouse and transplanted them back to their collection sites. In addition, we sowed seeds of ancestors and descendants of two species (<em>L. hispidus</em> and <em>C. vulgare</em>) to the collection sites in order to investigate germination rates. In transplanted <em>M. ciliata</em> seedlings, we observed lower mortality and larger plant size in descendants compared to ancestors. This indicates that descendants are better adapted than ancestors to the current environmental conditions, which proved to be exceptionally hot and dry during the study period. Descendants of <em>C. vulgare</em> seedlings tended to be smaller and descendants of <em>L. hispidus</em> seedlings produced fewer leaves compared to their ancestors in their contemporary environmental conditions. In <em>C. vulgare</em> and <em>L. hispidus</em>, we found evolution towards faster germination, and especially descendant seeds of <em>C. vulgare</em> were better adapted to the unfavourable conditions during the experimental period. Concluding, we demonstrate that our novel approach to combine resurrection ecology with transplant experiments is a promising avenue to rigorously test for evolutionary adaptations in changing environments.</p>
Data from: Invasive submerged plant has a stronger inhibitory effect on epiphytic algae than native plant
<p>The invasion of submerged aquatic plants potentially results in a loss of native biodiversity in these ecosystems. There has been little attention paid to the impact of invasive submerged plants on epiphytic algal communities. We conducted a 30-day outdoor mesocosm experiment on the shore of subtropical Lake Liangzihu, China, to investigate the effects of two submerged plant species, an invasive species (<em>Elodea nuttallii</em>) and a native species (<em>Hydrilla verticillata</em>), on epiphytic algal communities. We also explored the relationship between macrophyte secondary metabolites and epiphytic algae by conducting a laboratory cultivation experiment. We give the raw dataste, including the specie data of abundance, epiphytic algal communities traits, and environmental parameters in the outdoor mesocosm experiment and laboratory cultivation experiment, and also including the data of plant traits.</p>
Data from: Urbanisation and agricultural intensification modulate plant-pollinator network structure and robustness
<p>Land use change is a major pressure on pollinator abundance, diversity, and plant-pollinator interactions. Far less is known about how land use alters the structure of plant-pollinator networks and their robustness to plant-pollinator coextinctions.</p> <p>We analyzed the structure of plant-pollinator networks sampled in 12 landscapes along an urbanisation and agricultural intensity gradient, from early spring to late summer 2021, and used a stochastic coextinction model to correlate plant-pollinator coextinction risk with network structure (species and network-level metrics) and landscape context.</p> <p>Networks in intensively managed (i.e. agricultural and urban) landscapes had a lower risk of initiating a coextinction cascade, while networks in less-intensively managed landscapes may be less robust. Network structure modulated the frequency and severity of coextinctions and species loss, while the strength of species interactions increased robustness.</p> <p>Urban networks were more species-rich and symmetrical due to the high diversity of ornamental plants, while intensively managed agricultural landscapes had smaller, more tightly connected, and nested networks.</p> <p>Network structure modulated the frequency of extinctions, which was decreased by greater linkage density, interaction asymmetry, and interaction dependence in the networks, while once an extinction occurred, nestedness and linkage density propagated the degree of the coextinction cascade and species loss. At the species level, species strength was inversely correlated with extinction risk, implying that generalist species with a high number of interactions with specialists had the lowest extinction risk.</p>
Data from: Early diversification dynamics in a highly successful insular plant taxon are consistent with the general dynamic model of oceanic island biogeography
<p>The general dynamic model (GDM) of oceanic island biogeography views oceanic islands predominantly as sinks rather than sources of dispersing lineages. To test this, we conducted a biogeographic analysis of a highly successful insular plant taxon, <em>Cyrtandra </em>and inferred directionality of dispersal and founder events throughout the four biogeographical units of the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA), namely Sunda, Wallacea, Philippines, and Sahul. Sunda was recovered as the major source area, followed by Wallacea, a system of oceanic islands. The relatively high number of events originating from Wallacea is attributed to its central location in the IAA and its complex geological history selecting for increased dispersibility. We also tested if diversification dynamics in <em>Cyrtandra </em>follow predictions of adaptive radiation, which is the dominant process as per the GDM. Diversification dynamics of dispersing lineages of <em>Cyrtandra</em> in the Southeast Asian grade showed early bursts followed by a plateau, which is consistent with adaptive radiation. We did not detect signals of diversity-dependent diversification, and this is attributed to Southeast Asian cyrtandras<em> </em>occupying various niche spaces, evident by their wide morphological range in habit and floral characters. The Pacific clade, which arrived at the immaturity phase of the Pacific Islands, showed diversification dynamics predicted by the Island Immaturity Speciation Pulse (IISP) model, wherein rates increase exponentially, and their morphological range is controlled by the least action effect favoring woodiness and fleshy fruits. Our study provides a first step toward a framework for investigating diversification dynamics as predicted by the GDM in highly successful insular taxa.</p>
Data from: Plant-soil microbe feedbacks depend on distance and ploidy in a mixed cytotype population of Larrea tridentata
<p><strong>Premise of the study</strong></p> <p>Theory predicts that mixed ploidy populations should be short-lived due to strong fitness disadvantages for the rare ploidy. However, mixed ploidy populations are common, suggesting that the fitness costs for rare ploidies are counterbalanced by ecological benefits that emerge when rare. We investigated whether differences in ecological interactions with soil microbes help to maintain a tetraploid-hexaploid population of <em>Larrea tridentata </em>(creosote bush) in the Sonoran Desert, California, USA, where prior work documented ploidy-specific root-associated microbes.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>We used a plant-soil feedback (PSF) experiment to test whether host-specific soil microbes can alter the outcomes of intra-ploidy vs. inter-ploidy competition. Host-specific soil microbes can build up over time; thus, distance from a host plant can affect the fitness of nearby plants.</p> <p><strong>Key results</strong></p> <p>Seedlings grown in soils from near plants of a different ploidy produced greater biomass relative to seedlings grown in soils from near plants of the same ploidy. Moreover, seedlings grown in soils from near plants of a different ploidy produced greater biomass than those grown in soils from further away from plants of a different ploidy. This suggests the ecological consequences of PSF may facilitate the persistence of mixed ploidy populations.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> <p>This is the first evidence, to our knowledge, consistent with plant-soil microbe feedback as a viable mechanism to maintain the coexistence of multiple ploidy levels in a single population.</p>
Plant choice between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species results in increased plant P acquisition
<p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are plant root symbionts that provide phosphorus (P) to plants in exchange for photosynthetically fixed carbon (C). Previous research has shown that plants – given a choice among AMF species – may preferentially allocate C to AMF species that provide more P. However, these investigations rested on a limited set of plant and AMF species, and it therefore remains unclear how general this phenomenon is. Here, we combined 4 plant and 6 AMF species in 24 distinct plant-AMF species compositions in split-root microcosms, manipulating the species identity of AMF in either side of the root system. Using <sup>14</sup>C and <sup>32</sup>P/<sup>33</sup>P radioisotope tracers, we tracked the transfer of C and P between plants and AMF, respectively. We found that when plants had a choice of AMF species, AMF species which transferred more P acquired more C. Evidence for preferential C allocation to more beneficial AMF species within individual plant roots was equivocal. However, AMF species which transferred more P to plants did so at lower C-to-P ratios, highlighting the importance both of absolute and relative costs of P acquisition from AMF. When plants had a choice of AMF species, their shoots contained a larger total amount of P at higher concentrations. Our results thus highlight the benefits of plant C choice among AMF for plant P acquisition.</p>
Data from: Plant canopies promote climatic disequilibrium in Mediterranean recruit communities
<p>Current rates of climate change are exceeding the capacity of many plant species to track climate, thus leading communities to be in disequilibrium with climatic conditions. Plant canopies can contribute to this disequilibrium by buffering macro-climatic conditions and sheltering poorly adapted species to the oncoming climate, particularly in their recruitment stages. Here we analyze differences in climatic disequilibrium between understory and open ground woody plant recruits in 28 localities, covering more than 100,000 m<sup>2</sup>,<sup> </sup>across an elevation range embedding temperature and aridity gradients in the southern Iberian Peninsula. This study demonstrates higher climatic disequilibrium under canopies compared with open ground, supporting that plant canopies would affect future community climatic lags by allowing the recruitment of less arid-adapted species in warm and dry conditions, but also it endorse that canopies could favor warm-adapted species in extremely cold environments as mountain tops, thus pre-adapting communities living in these habitats to climate change.</p>
Data from: Adaptive responses and transgenerational plasticity of a submerged plant to benthivorous fish disturbance
<p>Benthivorous fish dominance in some subtropical lakes may alter submerged plant growth, reproduction, and progeny germination by changing water-submerged plant-algae interactions. We conducted mesocosm experiments to examine the effects of three densities of benthivorous fish, <em>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</em>, on the water properties, the growth, asexual reproduction, and the germination of turions of <em>Potamogeton crispus</em> L.</p> <p>The dataset includes water environment characteristics, macrophyte traits, algae traits, and sediment nutrient characteristics. Macrophyte traits include morphological, stoichiometric, turion traits, and germination traits.</p>
Habitat quality and biological community responses to innovative hydropower plant installations at transverse in-stream structures
<ol> <li>Ecological assessments of the effects of hydropower plants (HPPs) are often limited to aspects of entrainment, mortality, injuries, and passage of fish, whereas the effects on riverine habitats and biological communities in proximity to these structures are hardly documented.</li> <li>In this study, aquatic communities comprising fish, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, and periphyton as well as physical and hydromorphological parameters were investigated in upstream and downstream river sections at five transverse structures at different seasons before and after the installation of an innovative HPP.</li> <li>At all study sites, significant differences in the aquatic community composition between the assessed upstream and downstream sections were found after HPP construction, indicating distinct serial discontinuity.</li> <li>Raising the damming target at the sites Großweil and Au deteriorated the habitat conditions in the upstream area close to the weir and presumably influenced in particular the macroinvertebrate community, where a significant decrease in the density of rheophilic mayfly, stonefly, and caddisfly larvae was observed after HPP construction.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications</em>: The installation of different types of innovative HPPs has not improved the habitat conditions for rheophilic species, contrary to the promises raised by the developers of these concepts. Conversely, retrofitting existing weirs accompanied by further damming even significantly increased the effects of serial discontinuity and deteriorated the habitat conditions for rheophilic species in upstream sections. As evident from the findings of this study, habitat and biological community effects resulting from serial discontinuity should become better integrated into ecological assessments of HPP developments.</li> </ol>
Effect of green infrastructure on restoration of pollination networks and plant performance in semi-natural dry grasslands across Europe
<p>Agricultural intensification, afforestation and land abandonment are major drivers of biodiversity loss in semi-natural grasslands across Europe. Reversing these losses requires the reinstatement of plant-animal interactions such as pollination. Here we assessed the differences in species composition and patterns of plant-pollinator interactions in ancient and restored grasslands and how these patterns are influenced by landscape connectivity, across three European regions (Belgium, Germany and Sweden). We evaluated the differences in pollinator community assemblage, abundance, and interaction network structure between 24 ancient and restored grasslands. We then assessed the effect of surrounding landscape functional connectivity (i.e. green infrastructure, GI) on these variables and tested possible consequences on the reproduction of two model plants, Lotus corniculatus and Salvia pratensis. Neither pollinator richness nor species composition differed between ancient and restored grasslands. A high turnover of interactions across grasslands was detected but was mainly due to replacement of pollinator and plant species. The impact of grassland restoration was consistent across various pollinator functional groups, whereas the surrounding GI had differential effects. Notably, bees, butterflies, beetles, and dipterans (excluding hoverflies) exhibited the most significant responses to GI variations. Interestingly, networks in restored grasslands were more specialised (i.e. less functionally redundant) than in ancient ones and also showed a higher number of insect visits to habitat-generalist plant species. Landscape connectivity had a similar effect, with habitat-specialist plant species receiving fewer visits at higher GI values. Fruit set in S. pratensis and L. corniculatus was unaffected by grassland type or GI. However, the fruit set in the specialist S. pratensis increased with the number of pollinator visits, indicating a positive correlation between pollinator activity and reproductive success in this particular species. Synthesis and applications. Our findings provide evidence of the necessity to enhance ecosystem functions while avoiding biotic homogenization. Restoration programs should aim at increasing landscape connectivity which influences plant communities, pollinator assemblages, and their interaction patterns. To avoid generalist species taking over from specialists in restored grasslands, we suggest reinforcing the presence of specialist species in the latter, for instance by means of introductions, as well as increasing the connectivity to source populations.</p>
The global distribution of plants used by humans datasets: list of utilised species, occurrence data and model outputs at 10 arc-minutes spatial resolution
<p>Datasets and model outputs used to map the global distribution of utilised plants by humans. The folder is composed of two subfolders <em>raw_data</em> and <em>processed_data</em> containing respectively the list of utilised plant species modelled -<em>utilised_plants_species_list.csv</em>-, and their occurrence data -<em>occurrence_data.zip-</em> and predicted distribution -<em>species_proba_per_cell.rds-.</em></p> <p> </p> <ul> <li>The file <em>utilised_plants_species_list.csv</em> in the <em>raw_data</em> folder contains a<strong> </strong>list of 35687 plant species (and hybrids) used by humans and 10 plant use categories with the following 14 fields:</li> </ul> <p><strong>plant_ID:<em> </em></strong>plant identifier number ranging from between 1-35687</p> <p><strong>binomial_acc_name:</strong> binomial accepted name of the plant species</p> <p><strong>author_acc_name</strong>: name of the author(s)</p> <p><strong>is_hybrid:</strong> logical TRUE or FALSE indicating whether the species is an hybrid or not.</p> <p><strong>AnimalFood:</strong> forage and fodder for vertebrate animals only.</p> <p><strong>EnvironmentalUses:</strong> examples include intercrops and nurse crops, ornamentals, barrier hedges, shade plants, windbreaks, soil improvers, plants for revegetation and erosion control, wastewater purifiers, indicators of the presence of metals, pollution, or underground water.</p> <p><strong>Fuels:</strong> charcoal, petroleum substitutes, fuel alcohols, etc. Given the importance of energy plants for people, those were distinguished from Materials.</p> <p><strong>GeneSources:</strong> wild relatives of major crops which may possess traits associated with biotic or abiotic resistance and may be valuable for breeding programs.</p> <p><strong>HumanFood:</strong> food for humans only, including beverages and food additives.</p> <p><strong>InvertebrateFood:</strong> plants consumed by invertebrates used by humans, such as bees, silkworms, lac insects and edible grubs.</p> <p><strong>Materials:</strong> woods, fibers, cork, cane, tannins, latex, resins, gums, waxes, oils, lipids, etc. and their derived products.</p> <p><strong>Medicines:</strong> both human and veterinary.</p> <p><strong>Poisons:</strong> plants which are poisonous to both vertebrates and invertebrates, both accidentally and intentionally, e.g., for hunting and fishing, molluscicides, herbicides, insecticides.</p> <p><strong>SocialsUses:</strong> plants used for social purposes, which cannot be defined as food or medicine, for instance, masticatories, smoking materials, narcotics, hallucinogens and psychoactive drugs, and plants with ritual or religious significance.</p> <p><strong>Totals:</strong> total number of uses recorded for a species</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li>The zipfile <em>occurrence_data.zip</em> in the <em>processed_data</em> folder contains 35687 Comma Separated Values (CSV) files, one for each species, containing curated geographic occurrence records used to build species distribution models with the following 14 fields:</li> </ul> <p><strong>Species:</strong> the binomial accepted name of the species</p> <p><strong>Fullname:</strong> same as species</p> <p><strong>decimalLongitude:</strong> the geographic longitude of the occurrence records of the species in decimal degrees</p> <p><strong>decimalLatitude:</strong> the geographic latitude of the occurrence records of the species in decimal degrees</p> <p><strong>countryCode:</strong> a three-letter standard abbreviation for the country of the occurrence locality</p> <p><strong>coordinateUncertaintyinMeters</strong>: indicator for the accuracy of the coordinate location, described as the radius of a circle around the stated point location</p> <p><strong>year:</strong> year of the observation of the occurrence record of the species</p> <p><strong>individualCount:</strong> the number of individuals present at the time of the observation</p> <p><strong>gbifID:</strong> unique identifier number for the occurrence from the original database</p> <p><strong>basisOfRecords:</strong> the type of the individual record, e.g. observation, physical specimen, fossil, living ex-situ, culture collection specimen</p> <p><strong>institutionCode</strong>: the name of the institution or organization listed as the data publisher on GBIF</p> <p><strong>establishmentMeans:</strong> statement about whether an organism has been introduced to a given place and time through the direct or indirect activity of modern humans</p> <p><strong>is_cultivated_observation:</strong> whether or not an organism is cultivated</p> <p><strong>sourceID:</strong> name of the source database</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li>The file <em>species_proba_per_cell.rds</em> in the <em>processed_data</em> folder is<em> a R Data Serialization </em>(RDS) file containing a data.table object with the following 3 fields:</li> </ul> <p><strong>plant_ID:</strong><em> </em>plant identifier number ranging from between 1-35687</p> <p><strong>proba:</strong> species occurrence probability</p> <p><strong>cell:</strong><em> </em>raster grid cell number between 1-2251762</p> <p>This object can be used in combination with a raster layer to reconstruct the modelled distribution of each species or retrieve species richness and endemism.</p>
The interplay between defaunation and phylogenetic diversity affect leaf damage by natural enemies in tropical plants
<ol> <li>Natural enemies play an important role in controlling plant population growth and vegetation dynamics. Tropical rainforests host the greatest diversity of herbivores, from large mammalian ungulates to microscopic pathogens, generating and maintaining plant diversity.</li> <li>By feeding on the same resources, large mammalian herbivores may interfere with plant consumption and leaf damage by important enemy guilds such as invertebrate herbivores and pathogens, triggering indirect trophic cascades. However, the impact of local extinctions of large herbivores on plant-enemy interactions is relatively unknown.</li> <li>We experimentally tested the effects of defaunation of large mammalian herbivores (e.g., peccaries, tapirs, brocket deer; hereafter, large herbivores) on leaf damage of 3,350 understory plants in tropical rainforests of Brazil. We examined leaf damage in 10,050 leaves from 333 morphospecies by assigning the area consumed or damaged by five guilds of insect herbivores and leaf pathogens within 86 paired open-closed plots and investigated the joint effects of defaunation and plant phylogenetic diversity.</li> <li>Plants released from large herbivores had 9% less leaf damage; this difference was due to the lower leaf pathogens incidence (29%) rather than insect herbivory. Evolutionary Distinctness was similarly and positively correlated with leaf damage in all treatments, suggesting additive effects of defaunation and phylogenetic diversity. Total and pathogenic leaf damage (but not insect damage) decreased with plant richness across treatments, and large herbivores' exclusion resulted in increased plant species richness. This suggests that large herbivores' exclusion leads to a dilution of total and pathogens' leaf damage by increasing plant species richness.</li> <li>Our results suggest that large herbivores' indirect effects decrease the dilution potential of plant communities against pathogens and rather reinforce their top-down impact on vegetation, demonstrating a previously overlooked cascading effect of large herbivore extinction on forest ecosystems.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis</em>: The extinction of large mammalian herbivores can lead to a decrease in pathogen-driven leaf damage, a previously unknown indirect effect in forest ecosystems, which might have consequences for plant fitness and ultimately for plant diversity. Large herbivores and plant pathogens might have synergistic effects in regulating the diversity of plant communities in some of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth.</li> </ol>
Microbe-induced plant resistance against insect pests depends on timing of inoculation, but is consistent across climatic conditions
<ol> <li>To cope with abiotic and biotic stressors, plants have developed mutualistic associations with beneficial soil microbes, but little is known about how extreme abiotic conditions impact microbe-induce resistance to insect herbivores.</li> <li>Extreme temperatures are often accompanied by extremes in plant water availability, which together reduce plant growth and change plant physiology. There are potential consequences for increasing plant susceptibility to biotic stresses, and this poses a real challenge for plant productivity.</li> <li>We evaluated how the effects of beneficial soil bacteria (<em>Acidovorax radicis </em>N35e) on barley plant growth and resultant resistance against aphid infestation (<em>Sitobion</em> <em>avenae</em>) were impacted by a single heatwave event across a plant water availability gradient. We also tested if timing of bacterial inoculation (before or after the temperature treatment) affected bacteria-plant interactions on aphids.</li> <li>We found that heatwaves affected plant biomass allocation from aboveground to belowground tissues. Inoculation with <em>A. radicis</em> led to reduction of aphid numbers, but depended on timing of inoculation, and led to stronger resistance when inoculations occurred closer to aphid infestation. Remarkably, microbe-induced resistance against aphids was consistent across heatwave and water availability treatments.</li> <li>This study provides evidence that beneficial plant-bacteria interactions may represent a potential solution for sustainable agricultural practices to enhance plant growth and response to insect pests under climate change. Future field trials should investigate the consistency of beneficial effects reported here for a better understanding of multispecies interactions in the context of global change.</li> </ol>
Plant invasion in Mediterranean Europe: current hotspots and future scenarios
<p>These are the raw data that can be used to reproduce results of the paper: "<strong>Plant invasion in Mediterranean Europe: current invasion hotspots and future scenarios</strong>". </p> <p>The Mediterranean Basin has historically been subject to alien plant invasions that threaten its unique biodiversity. This seasonally dry and densely populated region is undergoing severe climatic and socioeconomic changes, and it is unclear whether these changes will worsen or mitigate plant invasions. Predictions are often biased, as species may not be in equilibrium in the invaded environment, depending on their invasion stage and ecological characteristics. To address future predictions uncertainty, we identified invasion hotspots across multiple biased modelling scenarios and ecological characteristics of successful invaders.</p> <p>We selected 92 alien plant species widespread in Mediterranean Europe and compiled data on their distribution in the Mediterranean and worldwide. We combined these data with environmental and propagule pressure variables to model global and regional species niches and map their current and future habitat suitability. We identified invasion hotspots, examined their potential future shifts, and compared the results of different modelling strategies. Finally, we generalised our findings by using linear models to determine the traits and biogeographic features of invaders most likely to benefit from global change.</p> <p>Currently, invasion hotspots are found near ports and coastlines throughout Mediterranean Europe. However, many species occupy only a small portion of the environmental conditions to which they are preadapted, suggesting that their invasion is still an ongoing process. Future conditions will lead to declines in many currently widespread aliens, which will tend to move to higher elevations and latitudes. Our trait models indicate that future climates will generally favour species with conservative ecological strategies that can cope with reduced water availability, such as those with short stature and low specific leaf area. Taken together, our results suggest that in future environments, these conservative aliens will move farther from the introduction areas and upslope, threatening mountain ecosystems that have been spared from invasions so far.</p> <p>With these data (environmental variables, species presences and background points, and distance to ports cities and to the coast) and using the R software following the ODMAP protocol attached to the original paper all results meet the criteria of reproducible science.</p>
Datasets for "Peatland evaporation across hemispheres: contrasting controls and sensitivity to climate warming driven by plant functional types" - Version 2
<p>Version 2 of datasets used for analyses in the paper titled "Peatland evaporation across hemispheres: contrasting controls and sensitivity to climate warming driven by plant functional types" submitted to Biogeosciences. There are two datasets - one from Kopuatai bog, Aotearoa New Zealand, and one from Mer Bleue bog, Canada - which contain gap-filled and filtered data that were used to produce the results of our study.</p> <p>Due to improvements made to our methodology following the paper peer review process, the data in this version slightly differs from that of the previous version. Information on these revisions can be found in the README file below or the Discussion/Peer Review tab of our paper.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: The origin, deployment, and evolution of a plant-parasitic nematode effectorome
<p>Plant-parasitic nematodes constrain global food security. During parasitism, they secrete effectors into the host plant from two types of pharyngeal gland cells. These effectors elicit profound changes in host biology to suppress immunity and establish a unique feeding organ from which the nematode draws nutrition. Despite the importance of effectors in nematode parasitism, there has been no comprehensive identification and characterisation of the effector repertoire of any plant-parasitic nematode.</p> <p>To address this, we advance techniques for gland cell isolation and transcriptional analysis to define a stringent annotation of putative effectors for the cyst nematode <em>Heterodera schachtii </em>at three key life-stages. We define 659 effector gene loci: 293 "known" high-confidence homologs of plant-parasitic nematode effectors, and 366 "novel" effectors with high gland cell expression. In doing so we define a comprehensive "effectorome" of a plant-parasitic nematode.</p> <p>Using this effector definition, we provide the first systems-level understanding of the origin, deployment and evolution of a plant-parasitic nematode effectorome. The robust identification of the comprehensive effector repertoire of a plant-parasitic nematode will underpin our understanding of nematode pathology, and hence, inform strategies for crop protection.</p>
Data from: Compatibility of the fungus Beauveria bassiana and Trichoplusia ni SNPV against the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni : crop plant matters
<p>BACKGROUND: Microbial insecticides are an important weapon in insect pest management, but their use is still relatively limited. One approach for increasing their efficacy and use could be to combine different pathogens to increase pest mortality. However, little is known about whether increasing pathogen diversity will improve pest management. Here, we investigated the compatibility of two pathogens for the management of the cabbage looper, <em>Trichoplusia ni</em>; T. ni nucleopolyhedrovirus (TniSNPV) and the entomopathogenic fungus <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>on two crops, tomato and broccoli. The pathogens were applied to individual plants using ultra low volume sprays, alone or in combination, either synchronously or asynchronously. Healthy 3rd instar <em>T. ni</em> larvae were introduced to the plants before application and collected by destructive sampling 24h after the last pathogen application.</p> <p>RESULTS: Combined applications did not result in an increase in larval mortality compared to TniSNPV alone, although mortality was generally high. <em>Beauveria bassiana</em> was considerably less effective on broccoli compared to tomato. In both the combined treatments, virus-induced mortality was approximately 50% lower when applied together with the fungus, while fungus-induced mortality was not affected by the virus, even when the virus was introduced 24h before the fungus.</p> <p>CONCLUSION: While our results suggest that applying this combination of entomopathogens would not be beneficial for pest management, this study illustrates the need to consider the target crop as an important driver of the efficacy of both single and mixed pathogen applications in the field.</p>
Plant-mycorrhizal associations may explain the latitudinal gradient of plant community assembly
<p>Biogeographical variation in community assembly processes forms the basis of the latitudinal gradient of biodiversity by driving b-diversity. Classical studies on community assembly predict environmental filtering affecting b-diversity more strongly at higher latitudes, where productivity is lower and abiotic stress is stronger. Contrary to this prediction, recent evidence indicates that plant community composition at higher latitudes exhibits more spatially clustered distributions independently of background environments, suggesting the importance of spatial processes, such as priority effects. In this study, we propose a hypothesis that resolves this paradox by considering plant-soil feedback and biogeographic variations in the dominant mycorrhizal type: we predict that the increasing prevalence of ectomycorrhizal (EcM) trees with latitude contributes to the spatially clustered distribution of plants, as EcM trees tend to exhibit positive plant-soil feedback. We analyzed a large-scale standardized dataset of Japanese forests covering a latitudinal gradient of >10º and found that (i) the proportion of EcM trees was higher at higher latitudes, and (ii) EcM tree-rich communities exhibited more spatially clustered distributions likely due to positive plant-soil feedback. Consequently, (iii) tree species composition at higher latitudes was better explained by spatial variables suggesting the importance of priority effects. Consistent with the predictions of the plant-soil feedback theory, these patterns were more pronounced in understory than in canopy communities. Taken together, our results lend support to our hypothesis that biogeographic variation in tree community assembly patterns is defined by mycorrhizal types and plant-soil feedback, thereby resolving a paradox in the latitudinal gradient of plant community assembly. Our work highlights that plant mycorrhizal type underlies the determinants of b-diversity which is a critical component of the latitudinal gradient of diversity.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.