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FIGURE 3 in Novelties in Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado: new records of the rare species P. allemii
FIGURE 3. Vegetation and habit of Phyllanthus allemii. A. General view of the flat topped mountain and rocky slopes of the Estação Ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins (EESGT), B. Rocky slope of EESGT where a population of P. allemii was found (Schindler 197), C. habit, D. detail of flowering branch. C-D from Schindler et al. 197. Photos: A-B by Sérgio Noronha; C-D by Maurício Figueira.
FIGURE 2 in Novelties in Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado: new records of the rare species P. allemii
FIGURE 2. Details of morphological structures of Phyllanthus allemii, comparing recently collected material and type specimens. A. reproductive branch, B. flowering branchlets, C. fruiting branchlets, D. stipule, E. leaf, adaxial surface, F. leaf, abaxial surface, G. leaf, adaxial surface (holotype), H. leaf, abaxial surface (holotype), I. columella of pistillate flower (holotype), J. flower, lateral view, K. staminate flower, L. pistillate flower, M. pistillate flower (holotype), N-O. fruit, P. seed, lateral and dorsal view, Q. seed, lateral and dorsal view (isotype), R. seed, ventral view; S. seed, ventral view (isotype). A-F, J-L, N-P, R from Simon et al. 4168; G-I, M from Allem et al. 3041 (holotype, CEN8729); Q, S from Allem et al. 3041 (isotype, MICH1259636). Photos: Q and S by Deise Gonçalves and Paul Berry.
FIGURE 1 in Novelties in Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado: new records of the rare species P. allemii
FIGURE 1. Location of the type collection of Phyllanthus allemii made in 1984 (circle) and two additional records in the Estação Ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins (EESGT) collected in 2021 (triangles). Brazilian states: BA (Bahia), MA (Maranhão), PI (Piauí), TO (Tocantins). Map produced with QGIS version 3.10 (QGIS Development Team 2019).
FIGURE 3 in Triumfetta decaglandulata (Grewioideae, Malvaceae), a new species from the Cerrado-Amazon ecotone, Northern Brazil
FIGURE 3. Map of Triumfetta decaglandulata (red-dot) distribution in Serra dos Martírios-Andorinhas, Pará State, Brazil.
FIGURE 1 in Triumfetta decaglandulata (Grewioideae, Malvaceae), a new species from the Cerrado-Amazon ecotone, Northern Brazil
FIGURE 1. Illustration of Triumfetta decaglandulata: A. Habit. B. Detail of the leaf base. C. Inflorescence. D. Flower. E. Sepals. F. Glands on the androgynophore and ovary. G. Cross section of the ovary (A-G based on K.N.L. Alves et al 244; Drawn by Alex Pinheiro).
Distribution. Amazonian lowlands of E Brazil S of the Amazon River, extending S to the cerrado biome in EC Brazil, primarily in the Rio Tapajos, Rio Xingu, and Rio Tocantins-Araguaia fluvial systems of Para, Maranhao, Tocantins, Minas Gerais, Goias, and Mato Grosso states. in Echimyidae
Distribution. Amazonian lowlands of E Brazil S of the Amazon River, extending S to the cerrado biome in EC Brazil, primarily in the Rio Tapajos, Rio Xingu, and Rio Tocantins-Araguaia fluvial systems of Para, Maranhao, Tocantins, Minas Gerais, Goias, and Mato Grosso states.
Distribution. Brazilian Amazon, S of the Rio Amazonas, between the Tapajos/Juruena system and the Tocantins/Araguaia river system to the E, in the Brazilian states of Para and Mato Grosso; the exact S limit ofits distribution is unclear, but it seems likely that it coincides with the transition between the Amazon rainforest and the cerrado savannas of C Brazil; this ecotone encompasses headwaters of the Xingu and Tapajos river systems in N Mato Grosso. Vieira's Titi (C. vieirai) is also known to occur in this region, but there are too few records to confirm whether their distributions intergrade, or in fact where the exact limits of their distributions are. One recent study also found that the Red-bellied Titi may be absent from or present at extremely low densities in large areas of the Tocantins-Xingu interfluvium. Given the overall lack of records, while it is clear that the Red-bellied Titi occurs over a vast area of the SE Amazon Basin, the exact limits of its distribution within this area remain unclear. in Phitheciidae
Distribution. Brazilian Amazon, S of the Rio Amazonas, between the Tapajos/Juruena system and the Tocantins/Araguaia river system to the E, in the Brazilian states of Para and Mato Grosso; the exact S limit ofits distribution is unclear, but it seems likely that it coincides with the transition between the Amazon rainforest and the cerrado savannas of C Brazil; this ecotone encompasses headwaters of the Xingu and Tapajos river systems in N Mato Grosso. Vieira's Titi (C. vieirai) is also known to occur in this region, but there are too few records to confirm whether their distributions intergrade, or in fact where the exact limits of their distributions are. One recent study also found that the Red-bellied Titi may be absent from or present at extremely low densities in large areas of the Tocantins-Xingu interfluvium. Given the overall lack of records, while it is clear that the Red-bellied Titi occurs over a vast area of the SE Amazon Basin, the exact limits of its distribution within this area remain unclear.
Distribution. NE Bolivia (throughout much of lowland Bolivia E of the Rio Manique) and W Brazil (S Rondonia State at least as far W as the upper Rio Jiparana). S limits are unclear, but it occurs in the vicinity of the Bolivian city of Santa Cruz and may contact or intergrade with the distribution of the Pale Titi (C. pallescens) in SE Bolivia; in Rondonia, it may occur as far N as the Serra dos Pacaas Novos, where there may be a contact zone with the Brown Titi (C. brunneus) or Prince Bernhard's Titi (C. bernhardi); the S and E limits ofits distribution in Brazil are unclear, but they may be ecologically constrained by inappropriate habitats in the Brazilian cerrado savannas to the S, and possible contact zones with Prince Bernhard's Titi (which is now known to occur to the W of the Rio Jiparana) and the Ashy Titi (C. cinerascens) in the E. in Phitheciidae
Distribution. NE Bolivia (throughout much of lowland Bolivia E of the Rio Manique) and W Brazil (S Rondonia State at least as far W as the upper Rio Jiparana). S limits are unclear, but it occurs in the vicinity of the Bolivian city of Santa Cruz and may contact or intergrade with the distribution of the Pale Titi (C. pallescens) in SE Bolivia; in Rondonia, it may occur as far N as the Serra dos Pacaas Novos, where there may be a contact zone with the Brown Titi (C. brunneus) or Prince Bernhard's Titi (C. bernhardi); the S and E limits ofits distribution in Brazil are unclear, but they may be ecologically constrained by inappropriate habitats in the Brazilian cerrado savannas to the S, and possible contact zones with Prince Bernhard's Titi (which is now known to occur to the W of the Rio Jiparana) and the Ashy Titi (C. cinerascens) in the E.
FIGURE 11 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 11. Cross sections of leaf of the Copaifera appendiculata M.J. Silva submitted to histochemical tests. a midrib. b margin. c, d, f, i, j petiole. e, g, k rachis. h, l Leaf blade. a–c phenolic compounds in tissues and within the secretory cavity indicated by *. d, e starch grains in the parenchymatous pith and near the vascular system). f-h acidic lipids inside the secretory cavity indicated by *. i–l total lipids stained red-orange inside the secretory cavity and epithelial cells indicated by * and arrows. Lipid droplet indicated by arrow, and intense cuticle coloration in l. (c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; lu = lumen; ph = phloem; pp = palisade parenchyma; st = secretory cavity; sp = spongy parenchyma; xy = xylem). Scales: a = 500 µm; b–e, h, i, k, l = 50 µm; f, g, j = 20 µm.
FIGURE 10 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 10. Cross-section of a leaf blade of Copaifera marginata Benth. submitted to histochemical tests. a, e, i, n, o petiole. b, c, f, j, k, m rachis. d midrib. g, h, l leaf blade. a–d lignin in the xylem vessel elements, hypodermis cells, fibers, and sclereids. e–g total alkaloids indicated by arrows. h–l reducing sugars in tissues and in the epithelial cells of the secretory cavity, indicated by arrows. m–o phenolic compounds in the tissues and epithelial cells of the secretory cavity, indicated by *. (c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; hy = hypodermis; lu = lumen; ph = phloem; pp = palisade parenchyma; sc = sclereids; st = secretory cavity; sp = spongy parenchyma; tr = trichome. xy = xylem). Scales: a, i, m = 200 µm. b-h, j, l, n = 50 µm; k, o = 20 µm.
FIGURE 9 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 9. Cross-section of the leaf blade of Copaifera appendiculata M.J. Silva submitted to histochemical tests. a, b, e, f, j, n, o petiole. c, g, h, k, m rachis. d midrib. i leaf blade. l. margin. a–d lignin in the xylem vessel elements, fibers, and sclereids. e–i total alkaloids in the tissues indicated by arrows and *. j–l reducing sugars in the tissues indicated by arrows and *. m–o phenolic compounds in the tissues and inside the secretory cavity, indicated by arrows and *. (c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; lu = lumen; ph = phloem; pp = palisade parenchyma; sc = sclereids; st = secretory cavity; sp = spongy parenchyma; vb = vascular bundle; xy = xylem). Scales: l, m = 200 µm; a–g, i, j, n, o = 50 µm; h, k = 20 µm.
FIGURE 7 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 7. Cross-sections of the midribs of Copaifera appendiculata M.J. Silva (a–e) and C. marginata (f–j): a, f. General aspect of the midrib. b, g detail of the epidermis, fibers, parenchyma, sclereids, and hypodermis of the adaxial surface. c, h detail of the epidermis, hypodermis, collenchyma in h, fibers, parenchyma, sclereids, and secretory cavity of the adaxial surface. d, i detail of the largest vascular bundle. e detail of the fibers. j detail of the secretory cavity (ac = angular collenchyma; et = secretory epithelium; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; hy = hypodermis; lu = lumen; pa = parenchyma; ph = phloem; me = pith; sc = sclereids; xy = xylem; black arrowhead = stomata; white arrowhead = polyhedrical crystal. * = secretory cavity). Scale: a, f = 500 μm; d, i = 200 μm; b, c, e, g, h, j = 50 μm.
FIGURE 6 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 6. Cross-section of the rachis of Copaifera appendiculata (a–e) and C. marginata (f–j): a, f general aspect of the rachis. b. detail of the acessory vascular bundles and adjacent tissues. c, g detail of the epidermis and hypodermis in g, parenchyma, collenchyma, fibers, sclereids, and secretory cavity in c. d, i. detail of the largest vascular bundle. e, j detail of the secretory cavity. h. detail of the fibers, phloem, sclereids, and secretory cavity. (ab = accessory vascular bundle; ac = angular collenchyma; c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; fi = fibers; hy = hypodermis; lu = lumen; pa = parenchyma; ph = phloem; me = pith; sc = sclereids; tr = trichome; xy = xylem; * = secretory cavity. arrowhead = polyhedrical crystals). Scale: a, f = 500 μm; b, d, i = 200 μm; c, e, g, h, j = 50 μm.
FIGURE 5 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 5. Cross-section of the petioles of Copaifera appendiculata (a–g) and C. marginata (h–n): a, h general aspect of the petiole. b, i detail of the epidermis and internal tissues. c, j general aspect of the adaxial surface. d and k general aspects of the abaxial surface. e accessory vascular bundle. f, l detail of the larger vascular bundle. g, n detail of the secretory cavity. m detail of the fibers, phloem, and sclereids. (ab = accessory vascular bundle; ac = angular collenchyma; c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; fi = fibers; hy = hypodermis; lu = lumen; pa = parenchyma; ph = phloem; me = pith; sc = sclereids; tr = trichomes; vb = vascular bundle; xy = xylem; * = phenolic compounds. arrowhead = prismatic crystals. * = secretory cavity). Scale: a, h = 500 μm; c, d, f, j, l = 200 μm; b, e, g, i, k, m, n = 50 μm.
FIGURE 4 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 4. Distribution of Copaifera appendiculata M. J. Silva: a map of Brazil, highlighting Goiás State in gray. b map of Goiás State, its limits, and elevational variations. c Municipality of Niquelândia, (dotted area) with species distribution points. Abbreviations for the Brazilian states (BA, Bahia; GO, Goiás; MG, Minas Gerais; MS, Mato Grosso do Sul; MT, Mato Grosso; TO, Tocantins) and the Federal District (DF).
FIGURE 2. Copaifera appendiculata M. J in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 2. Copaifera appendiculata M. J. Silva: a habit. b flowering branch. c portion of the inflorescence, note flowers being visited by ants. d detail of a raceme, showing floral buds and bracts. e flower in frontal view. f fruiting branch. g fruit after opening, note the twisted valve and prolonged hilum. h seed in side view, note the orange aril and black testa (Photographs by M. J. Silva).
FIGURE 3 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 3. Copaifera marginata Benth.: a habit, note its shrubby and cespitose aspect. b inflorescence. c portion of the inflorescence, note the light green elliptic buds. d fruiting branch, note the purplish or reddish fruits when mature. e imature seed, note the white aril. (Photographs by M. J. Silva).
FIGURE 1. Copaifera appendiculata M. J in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data
FIGURE 1. Copaifera appendiculata M. J. Silva: a flowering branch. b stipule. c distal portion of the rachis showing the spinescent extension. d–h variations in leaflet shapes. i trichomes on the abaxial surface. j trichomes on the adaxial surface. k detail of the leaflet margin and trichomes. l detail of the leaflet apex. m floral bud. n ventral surface of the bract. o detail of the bract margin. p flower, note the sepals conspicuously indumented ventrally. q ventral surface of the sepal. r detail of trichomes on the ventral surface of the sepal. s stamen. t ventral (left) and dorsal (right) surfaces of the anther. u gynoecium, note the uniformly indumented ovary. v detail of the trichomes on the ovary. w detail of the stigma. x fruit. y fruit after opening, note the twisted valve and prolonged hilum. z side view of the seed (drawn by Renato Cristiano Gualberto from the holotype).
On following pages: 669. Andean Swamp Rat (Neotomys ebriosus); 670. Salta Chinchilla Rat (Euneomys fossor); 671. Biting Chinchilla Rat (Euneomys mordax); 672. Peterson's Chinchilla Rat (Euneomys petersoni); 673. Patagonian Chinchilla Rat (Euneomys chinchilloides); 674. Chilean Climbing Mouse (Irenomys tarsalis); 675. Cerrado Red-nosed Mouse (Wiedomys cerradensis); 676. Common Red-nosed Mouse (Wiedomys pyrrhorinos); 677. Rio de Janeiro Arboreal Rat (Phaenomys ferrugineus); 678. Red-nosed Tree Mouse (Wilfredomys oenax); 679. Andean Long-clawed Mouse (Paynomys macronyx); 680. Chilean Long-clawed Mouse (Chelemys megalonyx); 681. Edwards's Long-clawed Mouse (Notiomys edwardsii); 682. Valdivian Long-clawed Mouse (Geoxus valdivianus), 683. Large Long-clawed Mouse (Geoxus annectens); 684. Guafo Island Long-clawed Mouse (Geoxus latkenche); 685. Michaelsen's Long-clawed Mouse (Geoxus michaelseni); 686. Long-haired Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix longipilis); 687. Hairy Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix hirta); 688. Mann's Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix mann); 689. Sanborn's Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix sanborni); 690. Woolly Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix lanosa); 691. Ornate Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix jelskii); 692. Gray Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix illutea); 693. Andean Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix andina); 694. Olive Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix olivacea): 695. Yellow-nosed Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix xanthorhina). in Cricetidae
On following pages: 669. Andean Swamp Rat (Neotomys ebriosus); 670. Salta Chinchilla Rat (Euneomys fossor); 671. Biting Chinchilla Rat (Euneomys mordax); 672. Peterson's Chinchilla Rat (Euneomys petersoni); 673. Patagonian Chinchilla Rat (Euneomys chinchilloides); 674. Chilean Climbing Mouse (Irenomys tarsalis); 675. Cerrado Red-nosed Mouse (Wiedomys cerradensis); 676. Common Red-nosed Mouse (Wiedomys pyrrhorinos); 677. Rio de Janeiro Arboreal Rat (Phaenomys ferrugineus); 678. Red-nosed Tree Mouse (Wilfredomys oenax); 679. Andean Long-clawed Mouse (Paynomys macronyx); 680. Chilean Long-clawed Mouse (Chelemys megalonyx); 681. Edwards's Long-clawed Mouse (Notiomys edwardsii); 682. Valdivian Long-clawed Mouse (Geoxus valdivianus), 683. Large Long-clawed Mouse (Geoxus annectens); 684. Guafo Island Long-clawed Mouse (Geoxus latkenche); 685. Michaelsen's Long-clawed Mouse (Geoxus michaelseni); 686. Long-haired Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix longipilis); 687. Hairy Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix hirta); 688. Mann's Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix mann); 689. Sanborn's Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix sanborni); 690. Woolly Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix lanosa); 691. Ornate Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix jelskii); 692. Gray Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix illutea); 693. Andean Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix andina); 694. Olive Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix olivacea): 695. Yellow-nosed Soft-haired Mouse (Abrothrix xanthorhina).
On following pages: 526. Spy Hocicudo (Oxymycterus delator); 527. Atlantic Forest Hocicudo (Oxymycterus dosytrichos); 528. Quaestor Hocicudo (Oxymycterus quaeston; 529. Inca Hocicudo (Oxymyecterus inca); 530. Paramo Hocicudo (Oxymycterus paramensis); 531. Elfin Forest Hocicudo (Oxymycterus nigrifrons); 532. Upper Yungas Inca Hocicudo (Oxymycterus juliacae); 533. Small Yungas Hocicudo (Oxymycterus hiska); 534. Quechuan Hocicudo (Oxymycterus hucucha); 535. Mount Caparao Hocicudo (Oxymycterus caparoae); 536. Red Hocicudo (Oxymycterus rufus); 537. Darwin's Hocicudo (Oxymycterus nasutus); 538. Ravine Hocicudo (Oxymycterus wayku); 539. Cook's Hocicudo (Oxymycterus josel); 540. Common Cerrado Mouse (Thalpomys cerradensis); 541. Hairy-eared Cerrado Mouse (Thalpomys lasiotis); 542. Roraima Mouse (Podoxymys roraimae); 543. Blackish Grass Mouse (Thaptomys nigrita); 544. Ecuadorean Akodont (Necromys punctulatus); 545. Northern Akodont (Necromys urichi); 546. Hairy-tailed Akodont (Necromys lasiurus); 547. Pleasant Akodont (Necromys amoenus); 548. White-chinned Akodont (Necromys lactens), 549. Lillo's Akodont (Necromys lilloi); 550. Dark-furred Akodont (Necromys obscurus); 551. Kemp's Grass Mouse (Deltamys kempi); 552. Araucaria Grass Mouse (Deltamys araucaria); 553. Serra do Mar Grass Mouse (Castoria angustidens). in Cricetidae
On following pages: 526. Spy Hocicudo (Oxymycterus delator); 527. Atlantic Forest Hocicudo (Oxymycterus dosytrichos); 528. Quaestor Hocicudo (Oxymycterus quaeston; 529. Inca Hocicudo (Oxymyecterus inca); 530. Paramo Hocicudo (Oxymycterus paramensis); 531. Elfin Forest Hocicudo (Oxymycterus nigrifrons); 532. Upper Yungas Inca Hocicudo (Oxymycterus juliacae); 533. Small Yungas Hocicudo (Oxymycterus hiska); 534. Quechuan Hocicudo (Oxymycterus hucucha); 535. Mount Caparao Hocicudo (Oxymycterus caparoae); 536. Red Hocicudo (Oxymycterus rufus); 537. Darwin's Hocicudo (Oxymycterus nasutus); 538. Ravine Hocicudo (Oxymycterus wayku); 539. Cook's Hocicudo (Oxymycterus josel); 540. Common Cerrado Mouse (Thalpomys cerradensis); 541. Hairy-eared Cerrado Mouse (Thalpomys lasiotis); 542. Roraima Mouse (Podoxymys roraimae); 543. Blackish Grass Mouse (Thaptomys nigrita); 544. Ecuadorean Akodont (Necromys punctulatus); 545. Northern Akodont (Necromys urichi); 546. Hairy-tailed Akodont (Necromys lasiurus); 547. Pleasant Akodont (Necromys amoenus); 548. White-chinned Akodont (Necromys lactens), 549. Lillo's Akodont (Necromys lilloi); 550. Dark-furred Akodont (Necromys obscurus); 551. Kemp's Grass Mouse (Deltamys kempi); 552. Araucaria Grass Mouse (Deltamys araucaria); 553. Serra do Mar Grass Mouse (Castoria angustidens).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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