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655 results for “constrain”
UWB Ranging and Localization Dataset for "High-Accuracy Ranging and Localization with Ultra-Wideband Communication for Energy-Constrained Devices"
<pre><strong>UWB Ranging and Localization Dataset for "High-Accuracy Ranging and Localization with Ultra-Wideband Communication for Energy-Constrained Devices" </strong> This dataset accompanies the paper "<strong>High-Accuracy Ranging and Localization with Ultra-Wideband Communication for Energy-Constrained Devices</strong>," by <em>L. Flueratoru, S. Wehrli, M. Magno, S. Lohan, D. Niculescu</em>, accepted for publication in the IEEE Internet of Things Journal. Please refer to the paper for more information about analyzing the data. If you find this dataset useful, please consider citing our paper in your work. This dataset is split into two parts: "ranging" and "localization." Both parts contain measurements acquired with 3db Access and Decawave MDEK1001 UWB devices. In the "3db" and "decawave" datasets, when a recording has the same name, it means that the measurements were acquired at the exact same locations with the two types of devices. The "3db" ranging dataset contains, apart from these, more measurements acquired in various LOS and NLOS scenarios. In the directory "images" you can find photos of some of the setups. The "ranging" and "localization" directories both contain a "data" directory which holds the datasets and a "code" directory with Python scripts that show how to read and analyze the data. The 3db Access <em>ranging</em> recordings contain the following data: - True distance - Measured distance - Channel on which the measurements were acquired (can be 6.5, 7, or 7.5 GHz) - Time of arrival as identified by the chipset - Channel impulse response (CIR) - Line-of-sight (LOS)/non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenario (encoded as 0 and 1, respectively) - If NLOS, the type of NLOS obstruction and its tickness. The Decawave <em>ranging</em> recordings contain the following data: - True distance - Measured distance - Line-of-sight (LOS)/non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenario (encoded as 0 and 1, respectively) - If NLOS, the type of NLOS obstruction and its tickness. The MDEK kit operates only on the 6.5 GHz channel and cannot output the CIR without further code modifications, which is why this data is not available for the Decawave dataset. The <em>localization</em> dataset includes the following data: - True location as measured by an HTC Vive system - Estimated location using a Gauss-Newton trilateration algorithm (please refer to the paper for more details) - Distance measurements between each anchor and the tag. </pre>
The early life of a leaf-cutter colony constrains symbiont vertical transmission
<p>The early life of a leaf-cutter colony is characterized by the dispersal of a female alate (winged "queen") carrying a fungal pellet, and the subsequent establishment of a foundress (workerless "queen") raising her incipient fungal garden and colony. The symbiotic roach Attaphila fungicola hitchhikes on female alates during leaf-cutter nuptial flights, which strongly suggests that roaches are vertically transmitted to foundresses and their incipient colonies; however, weak compatibility between roaches and incipient gardens may constrain roach vertical transmission. </p> <p>This dataset contains data from an experiment in which the mortality of incipient fungal gardens and foundresses were scored in treatments with or without Attaphila roaches. Additionally, in roach trials we noted whether or not the roaches disturbed fungal gardens during observational bouts conducted during the experiment (see below for more detailed description of behavioral observations). Contrary to traditional assumptions, our results indicate that roaches harm incipient gardens, suggesting that roaches are not well adapted to use vertical transmission between colonies.</p> <p class="Body"> </p>
Optimal Experimental Design for Large-Scale Inverse Problems via Multi-PDE-constrained Optimization - supplementary files
<p>The file data.xlsx contains information about four experiments defined in: A. Petrocchi, M.K. Scharrer, F. Pichler, S. Volkwein, Optimal Experimental Design for Large-Scale Inverse Problems via Multi-PDE-constrained Optimization, 2024, Submitted. Preprint available at https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.15797.</p> <p>Some information is included in the file data.pdf.</p>
Data for "Coupled cluster theory for nonadiabatic dynamics: nuclear gradients and nonadiabatic couplings in similarity constrained coupled cluster theory"
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Magnetic fabrics of weakly-deformed mudrocks from the Jaca-Pamplona basin (Pyrenees); new constrains on the sensitivity of magnetic fabrics and the tectonic evolution of the Southern Pyrenees
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Single Basin Simulations for "A Framework for Constraining Ocean Mixing Rates and Overturning Circulation from Age Tracers"
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Supporting data: Nutrient vertical flux in Indonesian seas as constrained by non-atmospheric helium-3
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Fig. 1 in Growth and nest hole size preferences in immature southern house spiders (Araneae: Filistatidae): Are they constrained consumers?
Fig. 1. Photograph showing "wooly" webs of 2 small and one large Kukulcania hibernalis radiating from nest holes on side of a wooden barn at the Archbold Biological Station, Lake Placid, Florida. Scale bar (lower lef): 5 cm.
Fig. 2 in Growth and nest hole size preferences in immature southern house spiders (Araneae: Filistatidae): Are they constrained consumers?
Fig. 2. Scale drawing of clear plastic test chamber. An immature Kukulcania hibernalis introduced through the hole in the top could choose to nest in any one of 4 different size holes drilled in wooden dowels (1.9 cm diam.) protruding into the chamber.
The hydrological fluxes of the Upper Brahmaputra River Basin constrained by a multi-physics ensemble (MPE) modeling approach
<p>The data represent monthly hydrological fluxes for four sub-basins within the Upper Brahmaputra River Basin, where yyyy is the year, mm is the month, MPE is the multi-physics ensemble, P is the precipitation, R is the runoff, and ET is the evapotranspiration. The unit is mm. The upper-bounds and lower-bounds represent the upper and lower bounds of the hydrological fluxes constrained by the MPE, respectively.</p> <p> </p> <p>Reference:<br>Lei, X, P. Lin*, H. Zheng, K. Yang, W. Liu, C. Miao, K. Wang, J. Wang: A multi-physics ensemble modeling approach to constraining the uncertainty of hydrological fluxes in sparsely-gauged river basins. Geophysical Research Letters, (submitted), 2024.<br>Contact:<br>xiangyonglei@stu.pku.edu.cn; peironglinlin@pku.edu.cn</p>
Data for the paper "Using Extensive Core-reflected Phases to Constrain Sharp Inner Core Boundary beneath East Asia"
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Constrained Layer Tree
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Data from: Sexual harassment induces a temporary fitness cost but does not constrain the acquisition of environmental information in fruit flies
Across animals, sexual harassment induces fitness costs for females and males. However, little is known about the cognitive costs involved, i.e. whether it constrains learning processes, which could ultimately affect an individual's fitness. Here we evaluate the acquisition of environmental information in groups of fruit flies challenged with various levels of male sexual harassment. We show that, although high sexual harassment induces a temporary fitness cost for females, all fly groups of both sexes exhibit similar levels of learning. This suggests that, in fruit flies, the fitness benefits of acquiring environmental information are not affected by the fitness costs of sexual harassment, and that selection may favour cognition even in unfavourable social contexts. Our study provides novel insights into the relationship between sexual conflicts and cognition and the evolution of female counterstrategies against male sexual harassment.
Data from: Is saltmarsh restoration success constrained by matching natural environments or altered succession? a test using niche models
1.Restored habitats, such as saltmarsh created through managed realignment, sometimes fail to meet targets for biological equivalence with natural reference sites. Understanding why this happens is important in order to improve restoration outcomes. 2.Elevation in the tidal frame and sediment redox potential are major controls on the distribution of saltmarsh plants. We use niche models to characterize ten species' responses to these, and test whether differences in species occurrence between restored and natural saltmarshes in the UK result from failure to recreate adequate environmental conditions. 3.Six species occurred less frequently in recently restored marshes than natural marshes. Failure of restored marshes to achieve the elevation and redox conditions of natural marshes partially explained the underrepresentation of five of these species, but did not explain patterns of occurrence on older (> 50 years) restored marshes. 4.For all species, an effect of marsh age remained after controlling for differences in environmental conditions. This could be due to differences in successional mechanism between restored and natural marshes. In recently restored marshes, high-marsh species occurred lower in the tidal frame and low-marsh species occurred at higher elevations than in natural marshes. This supports the hypothesis that competition is initially weaker in restored marshes, because of the availability of bare sediment across the whole tidal frame. Species that establish outside their normal realized niche, such as Atriplex portulacoides, may inhibit subsequent colonization of other species that occurred less frequently than expected on older restored marshes. 5.Synthesis and applications. Niche models can be used to test whether abiotic differences between restored sites and their natural counterparts are responsible for discrepancies in species occurrence. In saltmarshes, simply replicating environmental conditions will not result in equivalent species occurrence.
Constraining Emission Estimates of CFC-11 in Eastern China Based on Local Observations at Surface Stations and Mount Tai
<p>Data in the manuscript</p>
Secondary predation constrains DNA-based diet reconstruction in two threatened shark species
<p>Increasing fishing effort, including bycatch and discard practices, are impacting marine biodiversity, particularly among slow-to-reproduce taxa such as elasmobranchs, and specifically sharks. While some fisheries involving sharks are sustainably managed, collateral mortalities continue, contributing towards > 35% of species being threatened with extinction. To effectively manage shark stocks, life-history information, including resource use and feeding ecologies is pivotal, especially among those species with wide-ranging distributions. Two cosmopolitan sharks bycaught off eastern Australia are the common blacktip shark (<i>Carcharhinus limbatus</i>; globally classified as Near Threatened) and great hammerhead (<i>Sphyrna mokarran</i>; Critically Endangered). We opportunistically sampled the digestive tracts of these two species (and also any whole prey; termed the 'Russian-doll' approach), caught in bather-protection gillnets off northern New South Wales, to investigate the capacity for DNA metabarcoding to simultaneously determine predator and prey regional feeding ecologies. While sample sizes were small, <i>S. mokkaran</i> fed predominantly on stingrays and skates (Myliobatiformes and Rajiformes), but also teleosts, while <i>C. limbatus</i> mostly consumed teleosts. Metabarcoding assays showed extensive intermixing of taxa from the digestive tracts of predators and their whole prey, likely via the predator's stomach chyme, negating the opportunity to distinguish between primary and secondary predation. This Russian-doll effect requires further investigation in DNA metabarcoding studies focusing on dietary preferences and implies that any outcomes will need to be interpreted concomitant with traditional visual approaches.</p>
Positive genetic covariance and limited thermal tolerance constrain tropical insect responses to global warming
<p>Tropical ectotherms are particularly vulnerable to global warming because their physiologies are assumed to be adapted to narrow temperature ranges. This study explores three mechanisms potentially constraining thermal adaptation to global warming in tropical insects: 1. tradeoffs in genotypic performance at different temperatures (the jack-of-all-trades hypothesis) 2. positive genetic covariance in performance, with some genotypes performing better than others at viable temperatures (the 'winner and 'loser genotypes hypothesis) or 3. limited genetic variation as the potential result of relaxed selection and the loss of genes associated with responses to extreme temperatures (the gene decay hypothesis). We estimated changes in growth and survival rates at multiple temperatures for three tropical rain forest insect herbivores (<i>Cephaloleia</i> rolled-leaf beetles, Chrysomelidae). We reared 2746 individuals in a full-sibling experimental design, at temperatures known to be experienced by this genus of beetles in nature (<i>i.e.</i>, 10-35°C). Significant genetic covariance was positive for 16 traits, supporting the 'winner and 'loser genotypes hypothesis. Only two traits displayed negative cross-temperature performance correlations. We detected a substantial contribution of genetic variance in traits associated with size and mass (0-44%), but low heritability in plastic traits such as development time (0-6%) or survival (0-4%). Lowland insect populations will most likely decline if current temperatures increase beyond 2°C. It is concerning that local adaption is already lagging behind current temperatures. The consequences of maintaining the current global warming trajectory would be devastating for tropical insects. However, if humans can limit or slow warming, many tropical ectotherms might persist in their current locations, and potentially adapt to warmer temperatures.</p>
Skabbholmen data from: Concurrent ordination: Simultaneous unconstrained and constrained latent variable modeling
<ol> <li>In community ecology, unconstrained ordination can be used to indirectly explore drivers of community composition, while constrained ordination can be used to directly relate predictors to an ecological community. However, existing constrained ordination methods do not explicitly account for community composition that cannot be explained by the predictors, so that they have the potential to misrepresent community composition if not all predictors are available in the data.</li> <li>We propose and develop a set of new methods for ordination and Joint Species Distribution Modelling (JSDM) as part of the Generalized Linear Latent Variable Model (GLLVM) framework, that incorporate predictors directly into an ordination. This includes a new ordination method that we refer to as concurrent ordination, as it simultaneously constructs unconstrained and constrained latent variables. Both unmeasured residual covariation and predictors are incorporated into the ordination by simultaneously imposing reduced rank structures on the residual covariance matrix and on fixed-effects.</li> <li>We evaluate the method with a simulation study, and show that the proposed developments outperform Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) for Poisson and Bernoulli responses, and perform similar to Redundancy Analysis (RDA) for normally distributed responses, the two most popular methods for constrained ordination in community ecology. Two examples with real data further demonstrate the benefits of concurrent ordination, and the need to account for residual covariation in the analysis of multivariate data.</li> <li>This article contextualizes the role of constrained ordination in the GLLVM and JSDM frameworks, while developing a new ordination method that incorporates the best of unconstrained and constrained ordination, and which overcomes some of the deficiencies of existing classical ordination methods.</li> </ol>
Antigen discrimination by T cells relies on size-constrained microvillar contacts
<p>Raw imaging data for publication with the same name. </p>
Dual clumped isotope analyses and model calculations constrain equilibrium, experimentally-manipulated kinetic isotope effects, and mixing effects in calcite
<p>Replicate data for standards and samples; XRD data. </p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.