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6,170 results for “european”
Data from: Combined effects of ocean acidification and temperature on larval and juvenile growth, development and swimming performance of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
Ocean acidification and ocean warming (OAW) are simultaneously occurring and could pose ecological challenges to marine life, particularly early life stages of fish that, although they are internal calcifiers, have poorly developed acid-base regulation. This study assessed the effect of projected OAW on key fitness traits (growth, development and swimming ability) in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae and juveniles. Starting at 2 days post-hatch (dph), larvae were exposed to one of three levels of PCO₂ (650, 1150, 1700 µatm; pH 8.0, 7.8, 7.6) at either a cold (15°C) or warm (20°C) temperature. Growth rate, development stage and critical swimming speed (Ucrit) were repeatedly measured as sea bass grew from 0.6 to ~10.0 (cold) or ~14.0 (warm) cm body length. Exposure to different levels of PCO₂ had no significant effect on growth, development or Ucrit of larvae and juveniles. At the warmer temperature, larvae displayed faster growth and deeper bodies. Notochord flexion occurred at 0.8 and 1.2 cm and metamorphosis was completed at an age of ~45 and ~60 days post-hatch for sea bass in the warm and cold treatments, respectively. Swimming performance increased rapidly with larval development but better swimmers were observed in the cold treatment, reflecting a potential trade-off between fast grow and swimming ability. A comparison of the results of this and other studies on marine fish indicates that the effects of OAW on the growth, development and swimming ability of early life stages are species-specific and that generalizing the impacts of climate-driven warming or ocean acidification is not warranted.
Data from: European ornamental garden flora as an invasion debt under climate change
1.Most naturalized and invasive alien plant species were originally introduced to regions for horticultural purposes. However, many regions now face an invasion debt from ornamental alien species, which have not yet naturalized. In this regard, climate change represents a threat as it may lower the barriers to naturalization for some ornamental alien species. Identifying those species is extremely important for anticipating impending invasions. 2.To identify predictors of naturalization, we modelled the effects of climate, nursery availability and species characteristics on the current European naturalization success of 2,073 ornamental aliens commonly planted in European gardens. We then used the resulting model together with climate projections for 2050 to forecast future naturalization risks for the 1,583 species not yet naturalized in Europe. 3.We found that non‐European naturalized range size, climatic suitability, propagule pressure, having a dioecious sexual system and plant height jointly explained current naturalization success in Europe. By 2050, naturalization probability projections increased by more than 0.1 for 41 species, and only decreased by more than 0.1 for one species. 4.Policy Implications. Using predictions based on our integrated model of alien ornamental naturalization success, we identified species with high future naturalization risk and species with high projected increases in naturalization potential in Europe under climate change. This species list allows for prioritization of monitoring and regulation of ornamental plants to mitigate the invasion debt.
Data from: Contribution of European forests to safeguard wild honey bee populations
<p>Recent studies reveal the use of tree cavities by wild honey bee colonies in European forests. This highlights the conservation potential of forests for a highly threatened component of the native entomofauna in Europe, but currently no estimate of potential wild honey bee population sizes exists. Here, we analysed the tree cavity densities of 106 forest areas across Europe and inferred an expected population size of wild honey bees. Both forest and management types affected the density of tree cavities. Accordingly, we estimated that more than 80,000 wild honey bee colonies could be sustained in European forests. As expected, potential conservation hotspots were identified in unmanaged forests, and, surprisingly, also in other large forest areas across Europe. Our results contribute to the EU policy strategy to halt pollinator declines and reveal the potential of forest areas for the conservation of so far neglected wild honey bee populations in Europe.</p>
Data from: Population genomic analysis uncovers African and European admixture in Drosophila melanogaster populations from the southeastern United States and Caribbean Islands
Drosophila melanogaster is postulated to have colonized North America in the past several 100 years in two waves. Flies from Europe colonized the east coast United States while flies from Africa inhabited the Caribbean, which if true, make the south-east US and Caribbean Islands a secondary contact zone for African and European D. melanogaster. This scenario has been proposed based on phenotypes and limited genetic data. In our study, we have sequenced individual whole genomes of flies from populations in the south-east US and Caribbean Islands and examined these populations in conjunction with population sequences from the west coast US, Africa, and Europe. We find that west coast US populations are closely related to the European population, likely reflecting a rapid westward expansion upon first settlements into North America. We also find genomic evidence of African and European admixture in south-east US and Caribbean populations, with a clinal pattern of decreasing proportions of African ancestry with higher latitude. Our genomic analysis of D. melanogaster populations from the south-east US and Caribbean Islands provides more evidence for the Caribbean Islands as the source of previously reported novel African alleles found in other east coast US populations. We also find the border between the south-east US and the Caribbean island to be the admixture hot zone where distinctly African-like Caribbean flies become genomically more similar to European-like south-east US flies. Our findings have important implications for previous studies examining the generation of east coast US clines via selection.
Data from: Fledgling adoption in European Blackbirds: an unrecognised phenomenon in a well-known species
Adoption behaviour is well-known in birds, but the majority of adoption studies concern the nestling phase of birds' lives, whereas fledgling adoption is a much less well-known phenomenon, especially in passerines. During 17 years of observations, we collected data on the fate of 238 broods of European Blackbirds Turdus merula. In 171 cases fledglings were fed only by their own parents, in 24 cases the fledglings were given to adoption, while in 43 cases at least one fledgling was cared for by foster parents. Our analyses suggest that fledgling adoption in Blackbirds occurred under conditions that are consistent with the predictions of two hypotheses that explain the adoption phenomenon in birds. First, adoptions involved young fledglings of roughly the same age as the foster parents' offspring and in the context of a short distance between the biological parents and foster parents' nests: this gave rise to errors in foster parents recognizing their own young – in line with the Reproductive Error Hypothesis. Second, adoptions also occurred in instances where the distance between nests and the age difference between the adopted and the foster parents' own fledglings was twice as great compared to the conditions suggesting erroneous adoption. The longer distance between nests and the bigger age difference are in line with the Intergeneration Conflict Hypothesis.
Data from: Effects of postglacial phylogeny and genetic diversity on the growth variability and climate sensitivity of European silver fir
<p>The zip file contains almost 2000 tree ring width data in Tucson format (rwl) from 78 sites across the Carpathian Mountains in Europe. In addition, genetic data used in the study are also attached. The datasets were used in the paper on <strong>Effects of postglacial phylogeny and genetic diversity on the growth variability and climate sensitivity of European silver fir </strong>published in Journal of Ecology.</p>
GridKit: European and North-American extracts
<p>These files contain network models of the European and North-American high-voltage power grid, extracted by GridKit (https://github.com/bdw/GridKit). These extracts form a topological network with stations in one file (vertices.csv) and lines in another (links.csv). This network is intended for use in power system analysis. OpenStreetMap is the primary data source for these networks.</p>
FIGURE 67 in A new widespread European bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)
FIGURE 67. Distribution map of Dasypoda morawitzi sp. nov.
FIGURE 1 in Description of the mature larva of Gastrophysa janthina (Suffrian, 1851) [= G. unicolor auct.] (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae) and key to the larvae of the European Gastrophysa
FIGURE 1. Habitus of Gastrophysa unicolor, mature larva from Chandrexa de Queixa. Length = 6.4 mm.
FIGURE 5 in Taxonomy of European Damaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) II. Porobelba weigmanni n. sp. (Oribatida, Damaeidae), from East Slovakia, with comments on other known species of the genus
FIGURE 5. Porobelba parki Jacot: A— leg I (antiaxial view), B—leg IV (paraxial view)
FIGURES 4–5 in First record of Xyleborus atratus Eichhoff from Europe, with an illustrated key to the European Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
FIGURES 4–5. Scutellum: 4, Xyleborinus; 5, Xyleborus, Anisandrus and Cyclorhipidion.
FIGURES 2–3 in First record of Xyleborus atratus Eichhoff from Europe, with an illustrated key to the European Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
FIGURES 2–3. Front coxae: 2, Xylosandrus; 3, Xyleborus, Xyleborinus, Anisandrus and Cyclorhipidion.
FIGURES 8–9 in Phalacrotophora species (Diptera: Phoridae) with four subequal scutellar setae and notes on the other European species
FIGURES 8–9. Abdomen of P. pictofasciata in lateral (8) and in ventral (9) view.
FIGURES 8a–c. S. pilosetosus. a in Differentiation between two epilittoral species, Scutovertex arenocolus spec. nov. and Scutovertex pilosetosus Polderman (Acari: Oribatida) from different European coasts
FIGURES 8a–c. S. pilosetosus. a, dorsal view; b, ventral view; c, notogastral setae.
FIGURE 10. S in Differentiation between two epilittoral species, Scutovertex arenocolus spec. nov. and Scutovertex pilosetosus Polderman (Acari: Oribatida) from different European coasts
FIGURE 10. S. pilosetosus, eggs photographed through body wall.
FIGURE 2 in Checklist of host associations of European bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae, Streblidae)
FIGURE 2. Map illustrating sites sampled for bat flies in Hungary in 1998–1999 and 2012–2014.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Greenisca and two new species of Ovaticoccus from Italy (Hemiptera Coccoidea Eriococcidae), with a key to European genera of Eriococcidae.
FIGURE 2. Ovaticoccus exoticus Pellizzari & Kozár, sp. n., adult female.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Greenisca and two new species of Ovaticoccus from Italy (Hemiptera Coccoidea Eriococcidae), with a key to European genera of Eriococcidae.
FIGURE 1. Greenisca oreophila Pellizzari & Kozár, sp. n., adult female.
FIGURES 10, 11. Female labella. 10. Thricops simplex. 11 in A new European species of Drymeia Meigen (Diptera: Muscidae) near D. brumalis (Rondani), with observations of a unique prestomal teeth structure
FIGURES 10, 11. Female labella. 10. Thricops simplex. 11. Drymeia vicana. (Same scale.)
FIGURE 11 in DNA barcodes reveal that the widespread European tortricid moth Phalonidia manniana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a mixture of two species
FIGURE 11. Larval gallery and larva of Phalonidia udana in stem of Lysimachia thyrsiflora.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.