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FIGURE 6 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 6 | Snout color pattern of Rhinotocinclus. Y-shaped, A. R. longirostris, MZUSP 85786; B. R. eppleyi, MCP 54750; V-shaped, C. R. chromodontus, MCP 32660; D. R. jumaorum, MCP 54758; two separate lines, E. R. marginalis n. sp., MCP 54748; F. R. loxochelis n. sp., MPEG 38957; no light lines, G. R. collinsae, AUM 62851; H. R. hardmani, AUM 62850.

FIGURE 12 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 12 | Snout plates in Rhinotocinclus. A. R. yaka, MCP 53639; B. R. kwarup, MCP 32297. 1–3 = prenasal plates; N = nostril; NB = nasal bone; PRP = posrostral plates; RP = rostral plate. Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 1 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 1 | Canal cheek plate and pelvic girdle. A. Rhinotocinclus kwarup, MCP 32297; B. Rhinotocinclus yaka, MCP 53630; C. Parotocinclus maculicauda, MCP 17605; D. Curculionichthys scaius, MCP 53801. CCP = canal cheek plate; CL = cleithrum; CO = coracoid. Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 5 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 5 | Teeth color of Rhinotocinclus. A. R. collinsae, MCP 54757, brown; B. R. acuen, MCP 40543, ochre; C. R. dani, MCP 54756, yellow. Arrows point accessory teeth. Scale bars = 500 µ.

FIGURE 4 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 4 | Adipose fin of Rhinotocinclus. A. R. pilosus n. sp., UFRO-ICT 27700, normally developed; B. R. britskii, ZUEC 16817, normally developed; C. R. hardmani, AUM 62879, coalesced to dorsal plates. Scale bars = 2 mm.

FIGURE 8 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 8 | Dorsal-fin color pattern of Rhinotocinclus. A. R. collinsae, AUM 62851; B. R. yaka, MZUSP 123655; C. R. variola, MPEG 12431.

FIGURE 9 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 9 | Odontodes on first pelvic-fin ray of Rhinotocinclus. A. R. acuen, MCP 40543, male; odontodes bent and turned mesially; B. R. hardmani, AUM 62879, male; odontodes aligned with main ray axis. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 10 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 10 | Middle abdominal plates series of Rhinotocinclus. A. R. bristskii, MCP 34709, 3–4 series; B. R. discolor n. sp., MHNLS 26183, 1–2 series; C. R. pilosus n. sp., UFRO-ICT 27700, abdomen naked.

FIGURE 3 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 3 | Snout shape and sexual dimorphism in Rhinotocinclus bristkii, ZUEC 16817. A. male: head wider at nostril level, nostril larger, internarial narrower, area between nostrils elevated; B. female: head narrower at nostril level, nostril smaller, internarial wider, area between nostrils not elevated. Scale bar = 2 mm.

FIGURE 7 in A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species

FIGURE 7 | Lateral color pattern of Rhinotocinclus. A. R. britskii, MCP 54760; B. R. eppleyi, MCP 54750; C. R. collinsae, AUM 62851; D. R. dani, MCP 54756; E. R. acuen, MCP 40543. Numbers 1–5 are dark bars on body.

FIGURE 4 in Fish functional responses to local habitat variation in streams within multiple land uses areas in the Amazon

FIGURE 4 | Relationships between the ecomorphological traits of fish species and environmental variables (land use and local habitat) in the streams evaluated in this study. Traits are represented by labels: relative head length (RHL), relative mouth width (RMW), relative height (RH), relative area of pectoral fin (RAPF) and relative caudal peduncle length (RCPL).

FIGURE 3 in Fish functional responses to local habitat variation in streams within multiple land uses areas in the Amazon

FIGURE 3 | Relationships between fish functional trophic groups and environmental variables (land use and local habitat) in the streams evaluated in this study. The groups are represented by the labels: Diurnal channel drift feeders (FTG 3), Diurnal backwater drift feeders (FTG 4), Diurnal surface pickers (FTG 7), Diggers (FTG 9) and Ambush and stalking predators (FTG 11). The FTG's with a correlation between 0.2 and -0.2 have been omitted for better visualization of the results.

FIGURE 2 in Fish functional responses to local habitat variation in streams within multiple land uses areas in the Amazon

FIGURE 2 | Ordination of the types of land use in the catchment areas of the study streams at the Capim River basin, eastern Amazon.

FIGURE 1 in Fish functional responses to local habitat variation in streams within multiple land uses areas in the Amazon

FIGURE 1 | Location of sampling streams (Middle Capim River basin, Pará State, Brazil). The characteristics of each land use class are described in the Material and Methods section.

FIGURE 4 in The influence of landscape at multiple spatial scales of the river basins at the Eastern Amazon fish assemblage

FIGURE 4 | Venn's diagram showing the exclusive and shared explanation of environmental variables (local, land use, and macroscale) and space in structuring fish assemblages in four catchments of the Eastern Amazon. Local = variation explained by the local matrix (variables of instream habitat); land use = variation explained by the land-use matrix (agriculture, pasture, and urbanization of drainagenetwork buffers and catchment); space = variation explained by the space matrix (environmental filters); macroscale = variation explained by the matrix of macroscale variables (soil characteristics and geographic factor); and residue = variation not explained. * p <0.05.

FIGURE 3 in The influence of landscape at multiple spatial scales of the river basins at the Eastern Amazon fish assemblage

FIGURE 3 | Graphic model showing the environmental and spatial variables that composed the four matrices used in the RDAp.

FIGURE 5 in The influence of landscape at multiple spatial scales of the river basins at the Eastern Amazon fish assemblage

FIGURE 5 | The dbRDA graph displays the distribution of fish data according to the most explanatory (local, macroscale, and land use) variables selected in the distLM model. Environmental variables were chosen by Forward and best model by AIC. Species code: Brachyhypopomus brevirostris (Pbre), Pyrrhulina capim (Pcap), Nannostomus trifasciatus (Ntri), Gymnorhamphichthys rondoni (Gron), Iguanodectes rachovii (Irac), Denticetopsis epa (Dent). Abbreviations: Local variables: EM: Average distance from excavated margins, MA: Average margin angle, SIN: Stretch sinuosity, SF: Smooth flow, LB: Substrate leaf bank, OM: Substrate organic matter, pH, RF: Rapids flow; TD: Average of thalweg depth; SSA: Stream sand. Macroscale variables: CLY: Catchment clay average, CSL: Catchment slope average, SDY: Catchment soil density, CSA: Catchment substrate sand; Land use: UR_S: Urbanization in 30m buffer, PAS_L: Pasture in 60m buffer, AGR_T: agriculture on catchment, PAS_S: Pasture in 30m buffer.

FIGURE 2 in The influence of landscape at multiple spatial scales of the river basins at the Eastern Amazon fish assemblage

FIGURE 2 | Scheme showing different spatial scales from which land use types were quantified in four catchments of the Eastern Amazon.

FIGURE 1 in The influence of landscape at multiple spatial scales of the river basins at the Eastern Amazon fish assemblage

FIGURE 1 | Study area containing 76 streams distributed in four Eastern Amazon basins and land use distribution. Land use: represents all uses (e.g., pasture, agriculture, and urbanization).