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2,208 results for “coupling”
Weak interactions between strong interactors in an old-field ecosystem: Control of nitrogen cycling by coupled herbivores and detritivores
<ol> <li>Interactions between herbivores and detritivores are common in greenhouse and laboratory experiments. Such interactions are thought to cause feedbacks in real ecosystems where the combined actions of these animals create either high or low nutrient cycling rates. There is limited evidence from factorial field experiments to support these expectations.</li> <li>We present the results of a three-year experiment wherein we factorially manipulated grasshopper herbivores and earthworm detritivores in an old-field ecosystem and tested for significant interaction effects on plants, nitrogen mineralization, and microorganisms. Then, we used a dynamical systems model built and parameterized for the study ecosystem to test the theoretical strength of these interactions. We predicted that grasshoppers and earthworms would have a positive interaction effect on plant growth and nitrogen cycling by driving plant community change.</li> <li>We found neither evidence for interaction effects on any of the variables we measured nor a consistent change in the composition of the plant community even though the individual effects of grasshoppers and earthworms were as expected. Our dynamical systems model made the same prediction across a broad section of parameter space (e.g., feeding rates, death rates, etc) and after longer term simulations.</li> <li>Our results suggest that interactions between herbivores and detritivores are only likely <i>in situ</i> when animals have exceptionally high individual effects on ecosystems and where the exogenous forces driving plant community change and soil biogeochemical fluxes are weak.</li> </ol>
Supplementary Material for "TITANIA Model-Free Interpretation of Residual Dipolar Couplings in the Context of Organic Compounds"
<p>Simulation input (RDC data, input geometries, keywords) and output files (simulation / geometry trajectories, alignment data, SECONDA analysis) for isopinocampheol, tubocurarine and strychnine runs with the TITANIA software.</p>
Real-time solution of coupled Ehrenfest-Maxwell-Pauli-Kohn-Sham equations for a nanoplasmonic dimer, distance d = 0.5 nm
<p>Here we provide the movie mentioned in https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.05049 that shows the real-time dynamics of the nanoplasmonic dimer with distance $ d_1=0.5 $ nm. The time-evolution in the movie corresponds to the runs that we discuss in section VI. In the figure, we show a frame of the movie at time 8.33 fs. The upper two panels show contour plots of matter variables, the absolute value of the current density and the electron localized function (ELF). The most relevant Maxwell field variables, the electric field along the laser polarization direction z and the total Maxwell energy are presented in the lower panels. In the top of the figure, we show the incident laser pulse and at the center the geometry of the nanoplasmonic dimer.</p>
Real-time solution of coupled Ehrenfest-Maxwell-Pauli-Kohn-Sham equations for a nanoplasmonic dimer, distance d = 0.1 nm
<p>Here we provide the movie mentioned in https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.05049 that shows the real-time dynamics of the nanoplasmonic dimer with distance $ d_1=0.1 $ nm. The time-evolution in the movie corresponds to the runs that we discuss in section VI. In the figure, we show a frame of the movie at time 6.89 fs. The upper two panels show contour plots of matter variables, the absolute value of the current density and the electron localized function (ELF). The most relevant Maxwell field variables, the electric field along the laser polarization direction z and the total Maxwell energy are presented in the lower panels. In the top of the figure, we show the incident laser pulse and at the center the geometry of the nanoplasmonic dimer.</p>
Thermally coupled monolith reactors with enhanced heat transfer for conducting simultaneous endothermic and exothermic reactions
<p><strong>Thermally coupled monolith reactors with enhanced heat transfer for conducting simultaneous endothermic and exothermic reactions</strong></p> <p>Junjie Chen</p> <p>Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p>A reactor must be of sufficient length to allow a reaction to proceed to the required conversion. Utilizing high gas velocities typically results in reactors with large length to width ratios which again results in systems with high pressure drops. The smaller the characteristic dimension of the catalyst particle the higher is the utilization of the catalyst. This is sometimes expressed as a higher effectiveness factor. However, beds formed from small particles exhibit higher pressure drops than similar beds formed from larger particle. So, an engineer designs a system with expectable compromises between heat transfer, catalyst utilization, system conversion, and pressure drop. Therefore, a reactor for conducting catalytic processes which can promote overall heat transfer and levels of conversion whilst minimizing pressure drop is desired. Another deficiency of traditional heat transfer equipment is start-up time and thermal response to transients. As reactors are traditionally large and heavy, they have significant thermal inertia. Therefore, the system takes significant time to re-equilibrate from any change in load or process operating conditions. Therefore, a reactor with enhanced response characteristics particularly for rapid start up is desired. A number of methods have been directed to methods of increased heat transfer within reactors and towards low pressure drop catalytic reactors and processes.</p> <p>Streamwise distance (meters), Heat flux (watts per square meter)</p> <p>0 24445.8</p> <p>0.00025 134016</p> <p>0.0005 131072</p> <p>0.00075 151168</p> <p>0.001 85641.3</p> <p>0.00125 -1444</p> <p>0.0015 -1860.19</p> <p>0.00175 -1518.44</p> <p>0.002 54696.4</p> <p>0.00225 97408</p> <p>0.0025 82176</p> <p>0.00275 94848</p> <p>0.003 54951.4</p> <p>0.00325 272.062</p> <p>0.0035 190.062</p> <p>0.00375 172.75</p> <p>0.004 30551.3</p> <p>0.00425 55808</p> <p>0.0045 50432</p> <p>0.00475 60160</p> <p>0.005 35216.3</p> <p>0.00525 267.563</p> <p>0.0055 230.062</p> <p>0.00575 199.562</p> <p>0.006 21724.7</p> <p>0.00625 39680</p> <p>0.0065 35840</p> <p>0.00675 42112</p> <p>0.007 24419.8</p> <p>0.00725 184.875</p> <p>0.0075 157.375</p> <p>0.00775 138</p> <p>0.008 18497.7</p> <p>0.00825 33024</p> <p>0.0085 28672</p> <p>0.00875 32384</p> <p>0.009 18375</p> <p>0.00925 128.25</p> <p>0.0095 103.25</p> <p>0.00975 90.5625</p> <p>0.01 16940.7</p> <p>0.01025 29440</p> <p>0.0105 24448</p> <p>0.01075 26496</p> <p>0.011 14644.3</p> <p>0.01125 91.5</p> <p>0.0115 68.8125</p> <p>0.01175 61.3125</p> <p>0.012 16031.7</p> <p>0.01225 27392</p> <p>0.0125 22016</p> <p>0.01275 23040</p> <p>0.013 12456.8</p> <p>0.01325 69.125</p> <p>0.0135 47.6875</p> <p>0.01375 42.5</p> <p>0.014 15255.2</p> <p>0.01425 25856</p> <p>0.0145 20096</p> <p>0.01475 20224</p> <p>0.015 10784.7</p> <p>0.01525 53.8125</p> <p>0.0155 33.375</p> <p>0.01575 30.25</p> <p>0.016 14481.9</p> <p>0.01625 24192</p> <p>0.0165 18304</p> <p>0.01675 17792</p> <p>0.017 9241.95</p> <p>0.01725 40.7501</p> <p>0.0175 21.3125</p> <p>0.01775 19.5625</p> <p>0.018 13581</p> <p>0.01825 22528</p> <p>0.0185 16768</p> <p>0.01875 15872</p> <p>0.019 8084.96</p> <p>0.01925 31.375</p> <p>0.0195 12.5</p> <p>0.01975 11.3125</p> <p>0.02 12809.2</p> <p>0.02025 20992</p> <p>0.0205 15104</p> <p>0.02075 13824</p> <p>0.021 6927.91</p> <p>0.02125 21.8125</p> <p>0.0215 4.18748</p> <p>0.02175 3.87499</p> <p>0.022 11653.6</p> <p>0.02225 18816</p> <p>0.0225 13312</p> <p>0.02275 12032</p> <p>0.023 5900.31</p> <p>0.02325 15.5625</p> <p>0.0235 -0.375003</p> <p>0.02375 -0.250023</p> <p>0.024 10115.4</p> <p>0.02425 16384</p> <p>0.0245 11520</p> <p>0.02475 10496</p> <p>0.025 5258.69</p> <p>0.02525 13.5625</p> <p>0.0255 0.125008</p> <p>0.02575 -2.83833E-05</p> <p>0.026 8578.74</p> <p>0.02625 13824</p> <p>0.0265 9856</p> <p>0.02675 9216</p> <p>0.027 4618.92</p> <p>0.02725 15.75</p> <p>0.0275 5.68751</p> <p>0.02775 5.625</p> <p>0.028 6404.77</p> <p>0.02825 10624</p> <p>0.0285 8320</p> <p>0.02875 8832</p> <p>0.029 4751.49</p> <p>0.02925 26.8125</p> <p>0.0295 20.3125</p> <p>0.02975 16.3125</p> <p>0.03 2.63005</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p>
Thermally coupled monolith reactors with enhanced heat and mass transfer for hydrogen production
<p><strong>Thermally coupled monolith reactors with enhanced heat and mass transfer for hydrogen production</strong></p> <p>Junjie Chen</p> <p>Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com</p> <p> </p> <p>The thermally coupled monolith reactor design comprises, in one form thereof, a monolith to which, at each end, the uppermost section of the dividing walls of alternate rows of channels has been ground or cut away. The top section of each of the created voids has been sealed with a suitable material from the end to a depth as to leave an opening in the outer wall, such that a distinct inlet or outlet is formed. A catalyst coating has been applied to the inner wall of the two sets of channels using a suitable technique, one of which is the well-known washcoat technique. Two manifolds, with suitable gaskets, are attached to open ends of the monolith. Furthermore, two addition manifolds, with suitable gaskets, are affixed to the two newly formed openings. The gasket material is chosen to afford a reasonable gas tight seal to prevent cross flow between the two channels. The catalyst coatings may need to be calcined and reduced in order to produce an active catalyst. More particularly, the design comprises, in one form, a monolith to which alternate channels have been sealed at opposing ends. A catalyst coating has been applied to the inner wall. A thin capillary like tube is passed through the inlet of the void and arranged such that it falls short of the sealed end. The opposing end is prepared in a similar manner. Process gas is passed through this tube to the far end of the monolith. The fluid exits the tube is directed back towards to inlet. As the fluid traverses the channel reaction occurs in the catalytically coated walls. Any heat which is required or generated by the process is transferred through the wall. However, even with this highly efficient transfer mechanism the gas will still absorb some heat energy and become hot. This heat energy can be conducted through the capillary inlet tube to preheat the incoming reactants. This arrangement alleviates the need for an external heat exchanger (although one can be used to provide further heating) and improvers the overall efficiency of the reactor.</p> <p>Streamwise distance (meter), Heterogeneous reaction rate along the length of the reactor (mole per square meter per second)</p> <p>0 10.8203</p> <p>0.00025 10.9546</p> <p>0.0005 11.2153</p> <p>0.00075 11.4215</p> <p>0.001 11.5345</p> <p>0.00125 11.5606</p> <p>0.0015 11.5129</p> <p>0.00175 11.4049</p> <p>0.002 11.2484</p> <p>0.00225 11.0544</p> <p>0.0025 10.8331</p> <p>0.00275 10.5932</p> <p>0.003 10.3414</p> <p>0.00325 10.0835</p> <p>0.0035 9.82406</p> <p>0.00375 9.56646</p> <p>0.004 9.31349</p> <p>0.00425 9.06713</p> <p>0.0045 8.82918</p> <p>0.00475 8.60082</p> <p>0.005 8.3823</p> <p>0.00525 8.17379</p> <p>0.0055 7.97561</p> <p>0.00575 7.78777</p> <p>0.006 7.61007</p> <p>0.00625 7.44219</p> <p>0.0065 7.28392</p> <p>0.00675 7.13507</p> <p>0.007 6.99548</p> <p>0.00725 6.86493</p> <p>0.0075 6.74275</p> <p>0.00775 6.62832</p> <p>0.008 6.52152</p> <p>0.00825 6.42164</p> <p>0.0085 6.32835</p> <p>0.00875 6.24151</p> <p>0.009 6.16052</p> <p>0.00925 6.08491</p> <p>0.0095 6.01452</p> <p>0.00975 5.94897</p> <p>0.01 5.88786</p> <p>0.01025 5.83131</p> <p>0.0105 5.7787</p> <p>0.01075 5.72978</p> <p>0.011 5.68436</p> <p>0.01125 5.64228</p> <p>0.0115 5.60333</p> <p>0.01175 5.56712</p> <p>0.012 5.53346</p> <p>0.01225 5.5021</p> <p>0.0125 5.47301</p> <p>0.01275 5.44619</p> <p>0.013 5.42156</p> <p>0.01325 5.3988</p> <p>0.0135 5.37773</p> <p>0.01375 5.35853</p> <p>0.014 5.34102</p> <p>0.01425 5.32469</p> <p>0.0145 5.30957</p> <p>0.01475 5.29573</p> <p>0.015 5.28316</p> <p>0.01525 5.27177</p> <p>0.0155 5.26118</p> <p>0.01575 5.25136</p> <p>0.016 5.24246</p> <p>0.01625 5.23449</p> <p>0.0165 5.22729</p> <p>0.01675 5.22085</p> <p>0.017 5.21505</p> <p>0.01725 5.20996</p> <p>0.0175 5.20538</p> <p>0.01775 5.20125</p> <p>0.018 5.19797</p> <p>0.01825 5.195</p> <p>0.0185 5.19226</p> <p>0.01875 5.19015</p> <p>0.019 5.1885</p> <p>0.01925 5.18698</p> <p>0.0195 5.18558</p> <p>0.01975 5.18461</p> <p>0.02 5.18412</p> <p>0.02025 5.18363</p> <p>0.0205 5.18302</p> <p>0.02075 5.18277</p> <p>0.021 5.18289</p> <p>0.02125 5.1829</p> <p>0.0215 5.18274</p> <p>0.02175 5.18262</p> <p>0.022 5.18211</p> <p>0.02225 5.18139</p> <p>0.0225 5.1809</p> <p>0.02275 5.18047</p> <p>0.023 5.17976</p> <p>0.02325 5.17871</p> <p>0.0235 5.17765</p> <p>0.02375 5.17665</p> <p>0.024 5.17509</p> <p>0.02425 5.17287</p> <p>0.0245 5.17047</p> <p>0.02475 5.1679</p> <p>0.025 5.1648</p> <p>0.02525 5.16115</p> <p>0.0255 5.15706</p> <p>0.02575 5.15234</p> <p>0.026 5.14688</p> <p>0.02625 5.14071</p> <p>0.0265 5.13396</p> <p>0.02675 5.12621</p> <p>0.027 5.11737</p> <p>0.02725 5.10778</p> <p>0.0275 5.09726</p> <p>0.02775 5.08542</p> <p>0.028 5.07222</p> <p>0.02825 5.05787</p> <p>0.0285 5.04248</p> <p>0.02875 5.02603</p> <p>0.029 5.00788</p> <p>0.02925 4.98897</p> <p>0.0295 4.9649</p> <p>0.02975 4.88466</p> <p>0.03 4.81923</p> <p>Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China</p>
How detritivores, plant traits and time modulate coupling of leaf versus woody litter decomposition rates across species
<p>1. Plant functional traits are increasingly used to understand ecological relationships and (changing) ecosystem functions. For understanding ecosystem-level biogeochemistry, we need to understand how (much) traits co-vary between different plant organs across species, and its implications for litter decomposition. However, we do not know how the degree of synchronous variation in decomposition rates between organs across species could be influenced by different keystone invertebrates decomposing different senesced plant organs, especially in warm-climate forests. Here we asked whether interspecific patterns in wood and leaf decomposition rates and in the spectra of resource economics traits underpinning them, co-vary across woody species; and how (much) the keystone invertebrate decomposers of the litter of these organs enhance or lower such co-variation of decomposition rates through time. </p> <p>2. We addressed these questions through an 18-month "common-garden" decomposition experiment using leaf, twig and branch litter of 41 woody species in two distant subtropical forest sites in east China. We quantified the effects of leaf, twig, and branch functional traits and their respective key invertebrates (moth larvae, termites) on the decomposition rates of those organs. </p> <p>3. Interspecific variation in wood traits was partly decoupled from that in leaf traits across species, while strong coupling was found between twigs and branches. The co-variation between leaf and woody organ decomposition rates was altered dynamically through the shifting activities of the key decomposers, which created non-linear relationships of invertebrate litter consumption as a function of species rankings along the resource economic trait spectra of leaves and branches.</p> <p>4. The deviations from coupling of decomposition rates between organs were likely caused by combinations of three mechanisms: (1) (de-)coupling between organs of other traits, not commonly considered in resource economics spectra (e.g., resins) (2) leaf and wood decomposers having specific diet requirements, and (3) temporal patterns of the decomposers' activity.</p> <p>5. Synthesis. Our study highlights the importance of considering the different ways by which invertebrate detritivores drive decomposition processes through time. Under the ongoing biodiversity decline, future research would benefit from a better understanding of the role of the dynamic interactions between detritivore activities and plant functional traits on the carbon turnover in ecosystems.</p>
Data supporting the publication "Enhanced nonlinear optomechanics in a coupled-mode photonic crystal device"
<p>Data supporting the publication "Enhanced nonlinear optomechanics in a coupled-mode photonic crystal device". Set contains raw measured data and plotted data points for all figures in the main text.</p>
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles assessment in seaweeds by single particle inductively coupled plasma – Mass spectrometry
<p>n this study, a first attempt for isolating and determining (characterising) background levels of <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/titanium-dioxide-nanoparticle">titanium dioxide nanoparticles</a> (TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs) in seaweed has been developed by using single particle inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS). Seaweeds were processed using an optimised <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/ultrasound-extraction">ultrasound assisted extraction</a> (UAE) procedure based on <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/tetramethylammonium-hydroxide">tetramethylammonium hydroxide</a> (TMAH) before dilution and SP-ICP-MS analysis. The effect of the TMAH percentage in the extracting solution, as well as the volume of extracting solution and <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/sonication">sonication</a> (extraction) time, has been fully assessed. Additional experiments also showed that TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs were quantitatively released from the seaweed matrix in one UAE step since the analysis of residues gave TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs concentrations lower than the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method. Validation of the method with 50 and 100 nm TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs (10 μg L<sup>−1</sup> as Ti) showed good analytical recovery (115% and 112% for 50 and 100 nm TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs, respectively), and good reproducibility (2% for size and 16% for number of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs). Experiments regarding TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs stability showed that the extracted NPs are stable since there were not changes on the number of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs and TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs size distributions when exposing TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs standards to the optimised extractive conditions.</p>
Data for the article: Coupling of leaf elemental traits with root fungal community composition reveals a plant resource acquisition strategy in a desert ecosystem
<p><em>Purpose</em>: Plant-associated microbes enhance nutrient access and stress tolerance of the host species, and therefore, are crucial for plant traits and resource strategies. However, the links between aboveground plant traits and belowground microbes related to plant resource strategies under stressful conditions remain poorly understood.</p> <p><em>Methods</em>: We tested the relationships between leaf traits linked to water (carbon isotopic composition, δ<sup>13</sup>C) and nutrient use (elemental concentrations and stoichiometry) with microbial compositions in roots and rhizospheres of two dominant species (<em>Artemisia ordosica</em> and <em>Leymus secalinus</em>) in the Mu Us Desert, northern China.</p> <p><em>Results</em>: <em>L. secalinus</em> exhibited higher Mg and Mn concentrations, N:P ratios, stoichiometric flexibility, and root fungi:bacteria ratios, but lower foliar K and Ca concentrations and δ<sup>13</sup>C values than <em>A. ordosica</em>. The leaf N:P of <em>L. secalinus</em> increased with the root fungi:bacteria ratios, whereas the leaf N:P of <em>A. ordosica</em> decreased with the root fungi:bacteria ratios. The plant elemental levels (P, N, K, Ca, Mn, and δ<sup>13</sup>C) of <em>L. secalinus</em> but not <em>A. ordosica</em> were significantly related to their root fungal composition. Additionally, the random forest model identified four key fungal families in predicting leaf elemental traits for both plant species.</p> <p><em>Conclusion</em>: The results suggested tight coupling and coordination between leaf elemental traits and root microbial compositions (especially fungal communities) related to plant resource acquisition strategies. By regulating aboveground and belowground feedback loops through trait flexibility and root microbial compositions, the studied plant species can sustain their resource strategies under stressful environmental conditions.</p>
Coupled stochastic modelling of hierarchical channel network dynamics and metapopulation persistency - Dataset
<p>Dynamic changes in the active portion of stream networks represent a phenomenon common to diverse climates and geologic settings. However, the ecological implications of river network expansions/retractions remain poorly understood owing to operational difficulties in mechanistically describing these processes at the relevant spatio-temporal scales. Here we present a novel Bayesian framework for the simulation of event-based channel network dynamics capitalizing on the concept of "hierarchical structuring of temporary streams" - a general principle to identify the activation/deactivation order of network nodes. The framework incorporates a dynamic version of a stochastic occupancy metapopulation model, and is used to analyze the impact of pulsing river networks on species persistence in different scenarios. Climate strongly controls temporal variations of the active length, influencing the preferential configuration of the active channels and the speed of network retraction during drying. We also identify a climate-dependent detrimental effect of network dynamics on species spread and persistence. This effect is enhanced by dry climates, where flashy expansions and retractions of the flowing channels induce metapopulation extinction. Survival probabilities are particularly reduced in settings where the spatial heterogeneity of network connectivity is pronounced. The proposed framework provides novel insight on the multi-faced ecological legacies of channel network dynamics.</p>
Datasets for "Arctic sea ice loss weakens Northern Hemisphere summertime storminess due to ocean coupling"
<p>The datasets contain post-processed model outputs and reanalysis data for creating figures in the paper. The data are npz files, which can be easily accessed using Python 3 and numpy package.</p>
Dataset supporting publication: "Data collected by coupling fix and wearable sensors for addressing urban microclimate variability in an historical Italian city"
<p>Dataset supporting publication: “Data collected by coupling fix and wearable sensors for addressing urban microclimate variability in an historical Italian city” (publication available for download: <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/3901556">GEOFIT Zenodo</a>)</p> <p>Datasets resulting from monitoring activities of Sant'Apollinare systems and climatic parameters inside and outside the building (post-intervention monitoring).</p> <p>The article presents the data collected through an extensive research work conducted in a historic hilly town in central Italy during the period 2016-2017. Data concern two different datasets: long-term hygrothermal histories collected in two specific positions of the town object of the research, and three environmental transects collected following on foot the same designed path at three different time of the same day, i.e. during a heat wave event in summer. The short-term monitoring campaign is carried out by means of an innovative wearable weather station specifically developed by the authors and settled upon a bike helmet. Data provided within the short-term monitoring campaign are analysed by computing the apparent temperature, a direct indicator of human thermal comfort in the outdoors. All provided environmental data are geo-referenced. These data are used in order to examine the intra-urban microclimate variability. Outcomes from both long- and short-term monitoring campaigns allow to confirm the existing correlation between the urban forms and functionalities and the corresponding local microclimate conditions, also generated by anthropogenic actions. In detail, higher fractions of built surfaces are associated to generally higher temperatures as emerges by comparing the two long-term air temperature data series, i.e. temperature collected at point 1 is higher than temperature collated at point 2 for the 75% of the monitored period with an average of þ2.8 [1]C. Furthermore, gathered environmental transects demonstrate the high variability of the main environmental parameters below the Urban Canopy. Diversification of the urban thermal behaviour leads to a computed apparent temperature range in between 33.2 [1]C and 46.7 [1]C at 2 p.m. along the monitoring path. Reuse of these data may be helpful for further investigating interesting correlations among urban configuration, anthropogenic actions and microclimate variables affecting outdoor comfort. Additionally, the proposed dataset may be compared to other similar datasets collected in other urban contexts around the world. Finally, it can be compared to other monitoring methodologies such as weather stations and satellite measurements available in the location at the same time.</p>
Supplementary material to: Using UAV-based photogrammetry coupled with in-situ fieldwork and U-Pb geochronology to decipher multi-phase deformation processes: A case study from Sarclet, Inner Moray Firth Basin, UK.
<p>This dataset represents the supplementary material to: Using UAV-based photogrammetry coupled with in-situ fieldwork and U-Pb geochronology to decipher multi-phase deformation processes: A case study from Sarclet, Inner Moray Firth Basin, UK.</p> <p>Appendix A - This appendix represents the 3D Digital Outcrop Modell (DOM) of Sarclet ‘The Haven and The Stack’ locality in 3D PDF format.<br> Appendix B - This appendix represents the 3D Digital Outcrop Modell (DOM) of Sarclet ‘Muiri Geo’ lo-cality in 3D PDF format.<br> Appendix C - This appendix represents the 3D Digital Outcrop Modell (DOM) of Sarclet ‘The Haven and The Stack’ locality in .obj format.<br> Appendix D - This appendix represents the 3D Digital Outcrop Modell (DOM) of Sarclet ‘Muiri Geo’ lo-cality in .obj format.<br> Appendix E - This appendix represents the orthomosaic of Sarclet ‘Muiri Geo’ locality in GeoTiff format.<br> Appendix F - This appendix represents the orthomosaic of Sarclet ‘Muiri Geo’ locality in GeoTiff format.<br> Appendix G - This appendix represents the analytical conditions and geochronology data of the studied samples.</p>
On equilibrating non-periodic molecular dynamics samples for coupled particle-continuum simulations of amorphous polymers: dataset
<p><strong>Abstract:</strong><br> (from [1])<br> In the context of fracture simulations of polymers, the molecular mechanisms in the vicinity of the<br> crack tip are of particular interest. Nevertheless, to keep the computational cost to a minimum, a<br> coarser resolution must be used in the remaining regions of the numerical sample. For the specific<br> case of amorphous polymers, the Capriccio method bridges the gap between the length and time scales<br> involved at the different levels of resolution by concurrently coupling molecular dynamics (MD) with<br> the finite element method (FEM). Within the scope of the Capriccio approach, the coupling to the<br> molecular MD region introduces non-periodic, so-called stochastic boundary conditions (SBC). In<br> similarity to typical simulations under periodic boundary conditions (PBC), the SBC MD simulations<br> must reach an equilibrium state before mechanical loads are exerted on the coupled systems. In this<br> contribution, we hence extensively study the equilibration properties of non-periodic MD samples<br> using the Capriccio method. We demonstrate that the relaxation behavior of an MD-FE coupled<br> MD domain utilizing non-periodic boundary conditions is rather insensitive to the specific coupling<br> parameters of the method chosen to implement the boundary conditions. The behavior of an exemplary<br> system equilibrated with the parameter set considered as optimal is further studied under uniaxial<br> tension and we observe some peculiarities in view of creep and relaxation phenomena. This raises<br> important questions to be addressed in the further development of the Capriccio method.<br> <br> <strong>Contact:</strong><br> Felix Weber<br> Institute of Applied Mechanics<br> Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg<br> Egerlandstr. 5<br> 91058 Erlangen<br> Germany<br> <br> <strong>Context:</strong><br> This dataset contains the results presented in [1] and related data.</p> <p><strong>Content:</strong><br> Throughout this data set, Lammps [2] real units are used. The following folders contain the results obtained under periodic boundary conditions:<br> - biax_PBC: biaxial loading <br> - equil_PBC: equilibration<br> - ut_PBC: uniaxial tension<br> Each simulation directory contains:<br> - input.prm: input parameters of the specific simulation (read by the input file)<br> - job.out: simulation log file<br> - meta.info: meta data of the specific simulation run<br> - Lammps input file (*.in) of the specific simulation<br> - Lammps data file (*.data, molecular style) of the investigated sample<br> - LAMMPS_out: resulting Lammps data and restart (*.rst) files and simulation results (Lammps thermo_out) in <br> tabulated form, an overview of the columns is given in the respective folders</p> <p>The following folders contain the results obtained under stochastic boundary conditions using the Capriccio method [3]:<br> - best: equilibration with the parameter set considered to be most suitable for the MD-FE coupled equilibration<br> - biax: biaxial loading<br> - bridging: equilibration with different adaptivity levels of the bridging domain<br> - descr_obs: equilibration with a Lagrangian frame for the description of the observation region<br> - dpd: equilibration with different thicknesses of the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) region<br> - friccoeff: equilibration with different friction coefficients applied in the dissipative particle dynamics region<br> - fur: equilibration with different numbers of fur beads <br> - gausspoints: equilibration with different numbers of quadrature points per direction <br> - min: equilibration applying an initial, static energy minimization<br> - nodes: equilibration with a higher number of finite element nodes<br> - shifted: equilibration with particle systems obtained at different positions and points in time within the periodic master system<br> - smdcub: equilibration with different remaining stiffness ratios for the cubic modified weighting factor<br> - smdlin: equilibration with different remaining stiffness ratios for the linear modified weighting factor<br> - timestepsize: equilibration with different molecular dynamics time step sizes<br> - ut: uniaxial tension<br> - ut_friccoeff: uniaxial tension with different friction coefficients applied in the dissipative particle dynamics region<br> - weighting: equilibration with different energy weighting functions<br> - youngsmod: equilibration with different Young's moduli<br> Each simulation directory contains:<br> - input_files: Abaqus [4] input file (*.inp) and Lammps data file (*.data, molecular style) of the investigated sample<br> - MD_data: Results evaluated in the molecular dynamics region. MD_data contains the following subfolders: <br> anchorforces (dumped force components on the anchor points (AP) in kcal/mol, files anchorforce_[load step]_[MD-FE iteration].AF), <br> data (resulting Lammps data files *.[load step].[MD-FE iteration].data), Density (dumped mass density in the observation region in kg/m^3), <br> Energy (dumped total (kinetic + potential), angle, bond, and pair energies in kcal/(mol*Angstrom)), Strain (integral strains in the<br> observation region in x-, y-, and z-direction calculated by means of the Matlab [5] script calc_OBSstrain.m),<br> Stress (stresses in the observation region in MPa), and Temperature (temperature in the observation region in K)<br> - job.out: simulation log file<br> - meta.info: meta data of the specific Lammps simulation<br> Information on the subfolders is given in the respective folders.</p> <p><strong>References:</strong><br> [1] F. Weber, M. Ries, C. Bauer, C. R. Wick, S. Pfaller, "On equilibrating non-periodic molecular dynamics samples for coupled<br> particle-continuum simulations of amorphous polymers", Forces in Mechanics, 2023, 10, 100159.<br> [2] A. P. Thompson, H. M. Aktulga, R. Berger, D. S. Bolintineanu, W. M. Brown, P. S. Crozier, P. J. in 't Veld, A. Kohlmeyer, <br> S. G. Moore, T. D. Nguyen, R. Shan, M. J. Stevens, J. Tranchida, C. Trott, S. J. Plimpton, "LAMMPS - a flexible simulation tool <br> for particle-based materials modeling at the atomic, meso, and continuum scales", Computer Physics Communications, 2022, 271, 108171.<br> [3] S. Pfaller, M. Rahimi, G. Possart, P. Steinmann, F. Müller-Plathe, M. C. Böhm, "An Arlequin-based method to couple molecular dynamics <br> and finite element simulations of amorphous polymers and nanocomposites", Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, <br> 2013, 260, 109-129. <br> [4] Dassault Systèmes, "Abaqus documentation", URL: https://abaqus-docs.mit.edu/2017/English/SIMACAEEXCRefMap/simaexc-c-docproc.htm.<br> [5] The MathWorks, Inc, "MATLAB. The Language of Technical Computing", URL: https://de.mathworks.com/help/matlab/.</p> <p><strong>Funding:</strong><br> This research was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) -<br> 377472739/GRK 2423/1-2019. The authors are very grateful for this support. Sebastian Pfaller is furthermore<br> funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - 396414850 (Individual<br> Research Grant ’Identifikation von Interphaseneigenschaften in Nanokompositen’).</p>
Coupled simulations with SOLPS-ITER and B2.5-Eunomia for detachment experiments in Magnum-PSI
<p>Replication package for manuscript:</p> <p>Coupled simulations with SOLPS-ITER and B2.5-Eunomia for detachment experiments in Magnum-PSI</p> <p>Submitted to PPCF on 2022-10-27.</p> <p>Revision on 2023-01-12</p> <p>Accepted on 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6587/acbe61</p>
Coupled Model Machine Learning Weights
<p>The coupled model weights file contains the necessary weights to the machine learning network to run our machine learning coupled model. The regridded ERA5 file contained a year's worth of initial conditions to be used for starting forecasts or climate simulations. </p>
Coexistence and coupling of ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism in an oxide two-dimensional electron gas
<p>The dataset contains X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), electric polarization and magnetotransport measurements obtained on LaAlO3/EuTiO3/Ca:SrTiO3 heterostructures, at which interface a two-dimensional electron gas appears.</p> <p>X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) extracted from the XAS data are also included, as well as X-ray linear dichroism (XLD) alongside atomic multiplet calculations for two sets of parameters corresponding to "up" and "down" remanent polarization states (data of Fig. 1 and 2).</p>
Strong lateral exchange coupling and current-induced switching in single-layer ferrimagnetic films with patterned compensation temperature
<p>Open data for "Strong lateral exchange coupling and current-induced switching in single-layer ferrimagnetic films with patterned compensation temperature"</p>
Data for regional coupled model paper
<p>This data is for the JGR manuscript (A Regional Air-Sea Coupled Model Developed for the East Asia and Western North Pacific Monsoon Region).</p>
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