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Fig. 3. Longilyra johnlonghorni Gabriel, 2014 in Umbyquyra gen. nov., a new tarantula spider genus from the Neotropical region (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae), with a description of eight new species

Fig. 3. Longilyra johnlonghorni Gabriel, 2014, ♀, Santa Ana, Laguna de Las Ninfas, El Salvador (SMF 8582/2). A. Palp, trochanter, stridulatory organ. B. Trochanter I, stridulatory organ. C. Spermathecae, dorsal. From Gabriel (2014: figs 1, 2, 5).

Fig. 2 in Umbyquyra gen. nov., a new tarantula spider genus from the Neotropical region (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae), with a description of eight new species

Fig. 2. Cyrtopholis sp., ♂ (MNHNSD 09.1463) and ♀ (MNHSD 1454), Parque Nacional Valle Nuevo, Dominican Republic. A–B. Palpal bulb. A. Retrolateral. B. Prolateral. C. Tibial apophysis, retrolateral. D. Spermathecae, female, dorsal. E. Male palp, trochanter, stridulatory organ. F. Trochanter I, stridulatory organ.

Fig. 4 in Umbyquyra gen. nov., a new tarantula spider genus from the Neotropical region (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae), with a description of eight new species

Fig. 4. Nesipelma insulare Schmidt & Kovarik, 1996, ♂ (SMF 38557-84) and ♀ (SMF 39188-84) from the Lesser Antilles, Nevi Island. A–C. Male palp. A. Trochanter, stridulatory organ. B. Trochanter I, stridulatory organ. C. Retrolateral. D. Spermathecae, female, dorsal (Photos by P. Jäger and C. Perafán).

Fig. 1. Acanthoscurria geniculata Ausserer, 1871 in Umbyquyra gen. nov., a new tarantula spider genus from the Neotropical region (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae), with a description of eight new species

Fig. 1. Acanthoscurria geniculata Ausserer, 1871, ♂ and ♀, Santarém, Pará, Brazil (IBSP 151260). A–B. Palpal bulb. A. Retrolateral. B. Prolateral. C. Tibial apophysis, retrolateral. D. Spermathecae, dorsal. E. Male palp, trochanter, stridulatory organ. F. Trochanter I, stridulatory organ.

Fig. 10. Hemisphaeroides spp. A–E. Hemisphaeroides aeneoniger Melichar, 1903, syntype. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Labels. D. Habitus, ventral view. E in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 10. Hemisphaeroides spp. A–E. Hemisphaeroides aeneoniger Melichar, 1903, syntype. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Labels. D. Habitus, ventral view. E. Habitus, caudal view. — F–I. Hemisphaeroides atromaculatus Distant, 1916, syntype. F. Habitus, dorsal view. G. Habitus, lateral view. H. Metope and clypeus, facial view. I. Labels. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 11. Hemisphaeroides spp. A–D. Hemisphaeroides fuscoclypeatus Distant, 1916, holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 11. Hemisphaeroides spp. A–D. Hemisphaeroides fuscoclypeatus Distant, 1916, holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Metope and clypeus, facial view. C. Habitus, lateral view. D. Labels. — E–H. Hemisphaeroides lineatus Melichar, 1903, syntype. E. Habitus, dorsal view. F. Metope and clypeus, facial view. G. Habitus, lateral view. H. Labels. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 5. Pholcus sidorenkoi Dunin, 1994 in Two new species of the spider genus Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Tajikistan, with the first description of female Pholcus sidorenkoi Dunin, 1994

Fig. 5. Pholcus sidorenkoi Dunin, 1994, ♂. A–B. Pedipalp (A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view). C–D. Distal part of procursus (C. Prolateral view. D. Retrolateral view). Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = bulb; e = embolus; pr = procursus; u = uncus. Scale bars: A–B = 0.20 mm; C–D = 0.05 mm.

Fig. 9. Gnezdilovius spp. A–C in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 9. Gnezdilovius spp. A–C. Gnezdilovius multipunctatus (Che, Zhang & Wang, 2007) comb. nov., paratype. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metope and clypeus, facial view. — D–F. Gnezdilovius lineatus (Kato, 1933) comb. nov. D. Metope and clypeus, facial view. E. Habitus, lateral view. F. Habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 6. Gergithus signatifrons Melichar, 1906, syntype. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 6. Gergithus signatifrons Melichar, 1906, syntype. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Metope and clypeus, frontolateral view. C. Head and thorax, dorsal view. D. Metope and clypeus, facial view. E. Habitus, lateral view. F. Labels.

Fig. 8. Mongoliana spp. A–B in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 8. Mongoliana spp. A–B. Mongoliana chilocorides (Walker, 1851), holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Frons and clypeus, facial view. — C–D. Mongoliana recurrens (Butler, 1875), holotype. C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Frons and clypeus, facial view.

Fig. 4 in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 4. Gergithus frontilongus sp. nov. A. Gonoplac, dorsal view. B. Gonoplac, right view. C. Female anal tube, dorsal view. D. Gonapophysis IX and gonaspiculum bridge, right view. E. Gonapophysis IX and gonaspiculum bridge, dorsal view. F. Gonocoxa VIII and gonapophysis VIII, right view. G. Sternum VII, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 2. A–B. Auxicerus platyceps Waterhouse, 1883. A in Description of a new species of the stag beetle genus Auxicerus Waterhouse, 1883 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Lucanidae)

Fig. 2. A–B. Auxicerus platyceps Waterhouse, 1883. A. Holotype, ♂, BL 13 mm (BMNH). B. Head, ♂, BL 11 mm, Bolivia, Consata (EPCG). — C. Auxicerus aethiops Jakowleff, 1900, holotype, ♂, BL 16 mm, Bolivia (ZIRAS). — D–E. Auxicerus magnipunctatus sp. nov., holotype, ♂, BL 10.7 mm (CBF). D. Dorsal habitus. E. Head. Diagnostic characters indicated by arrows: (1) ocellate punctures on mesosternum, (2) posterior end of ocular canthus, (3) anterior edge of ocular canthus and (4) antennal lamellae. Scale bars: A, C–D = 5 mm; B, E = 2.5 mm.

Fig. 3 in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 3. Gergithus frontilongus sp. nov. A. Male anal tube, dorsal view. B. Male genitalia, lateral view. C. Capitulum of gonostyle, dorsal view. D. Phallobase, ventral view. E. Penis, left view. F. Penis, right view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 7. Hemisphaerini. A–D in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 7. Hemisphaerini. A–D. Gergithus schaumi (Stål, 1855), syntype. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metope and clypeus, facial view. D. Label. — E–F. Gergithus frontilongus sp. nov. E. Metope and clypeus, lateral view. F. Metope and clypeus, facial view. — G–H. Gnezdilovius iguchii (Matsumura, 1916) comb. nov. G. Metope and clypeus, lateral view. H. Metope and clypeus, facial view. Arrows points the anteclypeus angular or compressed.

Fig. 5. Gergithus spp. A–C in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 5. Gergithus spp. A–C. Gergithus sp. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, frontal view. C. Habitus, lateral view. — D–F. Gergithus cribratus Melichar, 1906. D. Habitus, dorsal view. E. Habitus, lateral view. F. Frons and clypeus, facial view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 1. A in Description of a new species of the stag beetle genus Auxicerus Waterhouse, 1883 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Lucanidae)

Fig. 1. A. Bolivian records of Auxicerus platyceps Waterhouse, 1883 (open circle, solid rectangle); Auxicerus multicolor (Boileau, 1897) (open rectangle, solid rectangle) and Auxicerus magnipunctatus sp. nov. (solid circle). Localities: (1) Consata, (2) Caranavi, (3) Coroico, Chairo, (4) Los Volcanes and (5) Emborozu. B. Habitat of Auxicerus magnipunctatus sp. nov. in humid Tucuman-Bolivian forest.

Fig. 2 in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 2. Gergithus frontilongus sp. nov. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Metope and clypeus, facial view. D. Metope and clypeus, lateral view. E. Fore leg, mid leg, hind leg. F. Tegmen. G. Hind wing. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 1. Hemisphaerini. A–B. Macrodaruma pertinax Fennah, 1978. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B in Nomenclatural changes in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae), with the description of a new genus and a new species

Fig. 1. Hemisphaerini. A–B. Macrodaruma pertinax Fennah, 1978. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, ventral view. — C–D. Neogergithoides tubercularis Sun, Meng & Wang, 2012. C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Metope and clypeus, facial view. — E–F. Choutagus longicephalus Zhang, Wang & Che, 2006. E. Habitus, dorsal view. F. Habitus, ventral view. — G–H. Gergithoides carinatifrons Schumacher, 1915. G. Habitus, ventral view. H. Habitus, dorsal view. — I–J. Hemisphaerius lysanias Fennah, 1978. I. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Metope and clypeus, facial view. — K–L. Rotundiforma nigrimaculata Meng, Wang & Qin, 2013. K. Habitus, dorsal view. L. Metope and clypeus, facial view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 3. Pholcus shuguanensis Yao & Li in Two new species of the spider genus Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Tajikistan, with the first description of female Pholcus sidorenkoi Dunin, 1994

Fig. 3. Pholcus shuguanensis Yao & Li sp. nov., holotype, ♂. A–B. Pedipalp (A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view). C–D. Distal part of procursus (C. Prolateral view, arrow points at large, prolateral membranous area distally. D. Retrolateral view). Abbreviations: a = appendix; b = bulb; e = embolus; pr = procursus; u = uncus. Scale bars: A–B = 0.20 mm; C–D = 0.10 mm.

Fig. 7 in Two new species of the spider genus Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Tajikistan, with the first description of female Pholcus sidorenkoi Dunin, 1994

Fig. 7. New distribution records of Pholcus species from Tajikistan. ① Pholcus saidovi Yao & Li sp. nov. ② P. shuguanensis Yao & Li sp. nov. ③ P. sidorenkoi Dunin, 1994.