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Fig. 1 in Gut anatomy and ultrastructural features of the paunch epithelium in the Neotropical termite Serritermes serrifer (Blattaria, Isoptera, Serritermitidae)
Fig. 1. Digestive system in a pseudergate of Serritermes serrifer. (A) Diagram of the uncoiled gut and salivary glands (sg). (B) Scanning electron micrograph of the attachment site of the Malpighian tubules (Mt). Note the disposition of some Malpighian tubules, associated with the rectum (r). (C) Histological section of the paunch showing the lumen (pl) filled with protozoa (pr) and food debris. (D) Transmission electron micrograph of the paunch epithelium (ep). b, bacteria; c, crop; co, colon; e, esophagus; g, gizzard; i, basal invaginations; l, lumen; m, midgut; mu, musculature; n, nucleus; p, paunch; ph, pharynx; P1, first proctodeal segment.
Fig. 6 in Gut anatomy and ultrastructural features of the paunch epithelium in the Neotropical termite Serritermes serrifer (Blattaria, Isoptera, Serritermitidae)
Fig. 6. Ultrastructural features of the paunch of a pseudergate of Serritermes serrifer. (A) Detail of an epithelial cell highlighting the nucleus (n) and the deep basal invaginations (bi). Several round–shaped bacteria (b) are adhered to the apical cuticle (c), next to the apical invagination (ai) and associate mitochondria (mi). (B) An overview of the musculature sheets, which surround the epithelial cell and is composed of internal circular (cm) and external longitudinal fibers (lm). Note the myofibril (mf) of the longitudinal sheets associated with mitochondria (mi). ep, epithelium; sj, septate junction.
FIGURE 3 in Cryptotermes cubicoceps (Emerson, 1925) (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae), redescription of a lost Guyanese termite
FIGURE 3. Head capsule of the soldier of Cryptotermes cubicoceps.: A) dorsal, B) lateral, C) oblique frontal, D) posterior, E) ventral, and F) ventral oblique view of anterolateral margin (FF = frontal flange, FH = frontal horn, GH = genal horn, RM = right mandible).
FIGURE 1 in Cryptotermes cubicoceps (Emerson, 1925) (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae), redescription of a lost Guyanese termite
FIGURE 1. Emerson's 1925 original label of Cryptotermes cubicoceps (top) and the label of Bacchus (1987).
Supplementary Tables: The symbiotic lignocellulose degradation in termite guts: Novel insights into main bacterial players and mechanisms, with focus on the phylum Fibrobacterota
<p>This repo contains the Supplementary Tables for the thesis entitled "The symbiotic lignocellulose degradation in termite guts: Novel insights into main bacterial players and mechanisms, with focus on the phylum <em>Fibrobacterota</em>" by João Salgado.</p>
FIGURE 6 in Dentispicotermes trapezia (Isoptera: Termitidae: Amitermitinae), a new termite species from the Pantanal-Chaco Region of South America
FIGURE 6. Field habitus of the soldier and worker (larger specimen) of Dentispicotermes trapezia sp. nov.
FIGURE 7 in Dentispicotermes trapezia (Isoptera: Termitidae: Amitermitinae), a new termite species from the Pantanal-Chaco Region of South America
FIGURE 7. Localities (red dots) of Dentispicotermes trapezia sp. nov. Orange biome is Chaco/Pantanal from Turchetto‐Zolet et al. (2013).
FIGURE 4 in Dentispicotermes trapezia (Isoptera: Termitidae: Amitermitinae), a new termite species from the Pantanal-Chaco Region of South America
FIGURE 4. Worker gut of Dentispicotermes trapezia sp. nov.: A) dorsal, B) right, C) ventral, and D) left view (labels: C= crop, M=mesenteron, MS= mixed segment, P1=proctodeal segment 1, P2=enteric valve with EVA seating, P3–P5=proctodeal segment 3–5.
FIGURE 2 in Dentispicotermes trapezia (Isoptera: Termitidae: Amitermitinae), a new termite species from the Pantanal-Chaco Region of South America
FIGURE 2. Soldier cephalic projection of Dentispicotermes trapezia sp. nov.: A) lateral (arrow points to tubercle) and B) anterior view.
FIGURE 3 in Dentispicotermes trapezia (Isoptera: Termitidae: Amitermitinae), a new termite species from the Pantanal-Chaco Region of South America
FIGURE 3. Worker of Dentispicotermes trapezia sp. nov.: A) dorsal and B) lateral habitus; C) dorsal and D) lateral head capsule.
FIGURE 1 in Dentispicotermes trapezia (Isoptera: Termitidae: Amitermitinae), a new termite species from the Pantanal-Chaco Region of South America
FIGURE 1. Holotype soldier of Dentispicotermes trapezia sp. nov.: A) dorsal, B) lateral (vertical lines show head height relative to protuberance height), C) ventral frontal and D) posterior view.
FIGURE 3. Ebogotermes raphaeli worker whole gut. A in Ebogotermes raphaeli, new genus and new species, an African soldierless termite described from the worker caste (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitinae)
FIGURE 3. Ebogotermes raphaeli worker whole gut. A) dorsal, B) right, C) ventral, and D) left aspects. Abbreviations: C = crop, M = mesenteron, MS = mixed segment (margin highlighted in C and D), P1 = first proctodeal segment, EVS = enteric valve seating, P3 = third proctodeal segment, I = isthmus, P4 = forth proctodeal segment, P5 = fifth proctodeal segment.
FIGURE 2. Ebogotermes raphaeli worker. A in Ebogotermes raphaeli, new genus and new species, an African soldierless termite described from the worker caste (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitinae)
FIGURE 2. Ebogotermes raphaeli worker. A) Lateral habitus of whole worker, fifth proctodeal segment (rectum) prolapsed, B) mandibles, and C) right foreleg.
FIGURE 4. Ebogotermes raphaeli worker. A in Ebogotermes raphaeli, new genus and new species, an African soldierless termite described from the worker caste (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitinae)
FIGURE 4. Ebogotermes raphaeli worker. A) Gizzard, showing the five spiny mats, B) enteric valve armature, C) detail of EVA cushions, and D) live habitus.
FIG. 1 in The termites of the Mayombe Forest Reserve, Congo (Brazzaville): transect sampling reveals an extremely high diversity of ground-nesting soil feeders
FIG. 1. Proportions of feeding groups (a), nesting groups (b) and taxonomic groups (c) in MBR and MFR. Taxonomic groupings: m, Macrotermitinae; an, Anoplotermes-group Apicotermitinae; ap, Apicotermes-group Apicotermitinae; am, Amitermes-group; te, Termes-group Termitinae; cu, Cubitermes-group Termitinae; nas, Nasutitermes-group Nasutitermitinae; sub, Subulitermes -group Nasutitermitinae. The Foraminitermes- group Termitinae (one species in both regions) and Rhinotermitidae (one species in MFR only) have been excluded for plot clarity. Other functional groupings are as in table 1.
High exploration behavior of termite propagules can enhance invasiveness
<p>This dataset was collected using analyses of pictures taken at three observation times: 6, 24 and 48h. Variables were extracted using QGIS (v3.10.2). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for each observation time allowed to extract projection values of the two first PCs for each colonies.</p>
Data for: Termites have wider thermal limits to cope with environmental conditions in savannas
<p>The most diverse and abundant family of termites, the Termitidae, evolved in African tropical forests. They have since colonised grassy biomes such as savannas. These open environments have more extreme conditions than tropical forests, notably wider extremes of temperature and lower precipitation levels and greater temporal fluctuations (both annual and diurnal variation). These conditions are challenging for soft-bodied ectotherms, such as termites, to survive in, let alone become as ecologically dominant as termites have.</p> <p>Here, we quantified termite thermal limits to test the hypothesis that these physiological limits have widened in savanna termite species to facilitate their existence in savanna environments.</p> <p>We sampled termites directly from mound structures, across an environmental gradient in Ghana, ranging from wet tropical forest through to savanna. At each location we quantified both Critical Thermal Maximum (CT<sub>max</sub>) and Critical Thermal Minimum (CT<sub>min</sub>) of all the most abundant mound-building Termitidae species in the study areas. We modelled the thermal limits in two separate mixed effects models against: canopy cover at the mound, temperature and rainfall, as fixed effects, with sampling location as a random intercept.</p> <p>For both CT<sub>max</sub> and CT<sub>min</sub> savanna species had significantly more extreme thermal limits than forest species. Between and within environments, areas with higher amounts of canopy cover were significantly associated with lower CT<sub>max</sub> values of the termite colonies. CT<sub>min</sub> was significantly positively correlated with rainfall. Temperature was retained in both models, however it did not have a significant relationship in either. Sampling location explained a large proportion of the residual variation, suggesting there are other environmental factors that could influence termite thermal limits.</p> <p>Our results suggest there has been a widening of the thermal limits in termite savanna species. These physiological differences, in conjunction with other behavioural adaptations, are likely to have enabled termites to cope with the more extreme environmental conditions found in savanna environments and facilitated their expansion into open tropical environments.</p>
FIGURE 3 in Termite coprolites (Blattodea: Isoptera) from the Early Cretaceous of eastern Inner Mongolia, Northeast China
FIGURE 3. SEM images of moderate and large lignite termite coprolites from the Lower Cretaceous Huolinhe Formation showing their morphology.
FIGURE 5 in Termite coprolites (Blattodea: Isoptera) from the Early Cretaceous of eastern Inner Mongolia, Northeast China
FIGURE 5. Light micrographs (A‒F) and scanning electron micrographs (G‒N) of wood debris macerated from the lignite coprolites collected from the Lower Cretaceous Huolinhe Formation. A, Wood debris showing a bundle of fibres. B, Wood debris in radial section showing tracheid with separate uniseriate pits. C, Wood debris in radial section showing uniseriate tracheid pits. D, Wood debris in radial section showing tracheid. E, Wood-debris in radial section showing cross-field pits. F, Wood debris of radial section of structureless. G, Wood debris in radial section showing tracheid with uniserial tracheid bordered pits. H‒I, Wood debris in radial section showing cross-field pits with homogenized cell walls. J, Wood debris in radial section showing uniseriate xylem rays. K, Wood debris in radial section showing tracheid with homogenized cell walls. L, Fragmented secondary wood. M, Wood debris of tracheid with homogenized cell walls. N, Wood debris in radial section showing uniseriate xylem rays.
FIGURE 2 in Termite coprolites (Blattodea: Isoptera) from the Early Cretaceous of eastern Inner Mongolia, Northeast China
FIGURE 2. SEM images of small lignite termite coprolites from the Lower Cretaceous Huolinhe Formation showing their morphology.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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