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FIGURE. Puccinia ampliaticoronata on Rhamnus davurica (A–F) and Melica grandiflora (G–J). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the lower leaf surface. B. Vertical section of a spermogonium. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D. Aeciospores. E. Aecium observed under SEM. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Urediniospores. H. Telia on the leaf surface. I. Vertical section of an uredinium. J. Teliospores. Scale bars: B, D, I = 30 μm, C = 50 μm, E = 100 μm, F = 5 μm, G = 10 μm, J = 20 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia ampliaticoronata on Rhamnus davurica (A–F) and Melica grandiflora (G–J). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the lower leaf surface. B. Vertical section of a spermogonium. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D. Aeciospores. E. Aecium observed under SEM. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Urediniospores. H. Telia on the leaf surface. I. Vertical section of an uredinium. J. Teliospores. Scale bars: B, D, I = 30 μm, C = 50 μm, E = 100 μm, F = 5 μm, G = 10 μm, J = 20 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia ramificaticoronata on Rhamnus ussuriensis (A–G) and species of Poaceae (H–K). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E. Aecium observed under SEM. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Aeciospores. H. Vertical section of an uredinium. I. Urediniospores. J. Telia on the leaf surface. K. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, H = 40 μm, D, G = 30 μm, E = 80 μm, F = 5 μm, I, K =20 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia ramificaticoronata on Rhamnus ussuriensis (A–G) and species of Poaceae (H–K). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E. Aecium observed under SEM. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Aeciospores. H. Vertical section of an uredinium. I. Urediniospores. J. Telia on the leaf surface. K. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, H = 40 μm, D, G = 30 μm, E = 80 μm, F = 5 μm, I, K =20 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia pileiformis on Lonicera maackii (A–G) and Diarrhena fauriei (H–J). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aeciospores. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. An aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. H, I. Telia on the leaf surface. J. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, E = 40 μm, D = 20 μm, F = 50 μm, G = 5 μm, J = 30 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia pileiformis on Lonicera maackii (A–G) and Diarrhena fauriei (H–J). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aeciospores. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. An aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. H, I. Telia on the leaf surface. J. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, E = 40 μm, D = 20 μm, F = 50 μm, G = 5 μm, J = 30 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia festucae on Lonicera praeflorens (A–F) and Festuca extremiorientalis (G, H). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aaeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. Telia on the leaf surface. H. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C = 40 μm, D = 30 μm, E, F = 50 μm, H = 20 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia festucae on Lonicera praeflorens (A–F) and Festuca extremiorientalis (G, H). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aaeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. Telia on the leaf surface. H. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C = 40 μm, D = 30 μm, E, F = 50 μm, H = 20 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia rangiferina on Rhamuns koraiensis (A–D, F–H) and Deyeuxia pyramidalis (E, I–K). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E, I. Telia on the leaf surface. F. Aeciospores. G. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. H. Aecium observed under SEM. J. Teliospores. K. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, D, K = 40 μm, F = 20 μm, G, J = 10 μm, H = 50 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia rangiferina on Rhamuns koraiensis (A–D, F–H) and Deyeuxia pyramidalis (E, I–K). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E, I. Telia on the leaf surface. F. Aeciospores. G. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. H. Aecium observed under SEM. J. Teliospores. K. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, D, K = 40 μm, F = 20 μm, G, J = 10 μm, H = 50 μm.
FIGURE. Four rupicolous taxa characteristic of the Sierra de las Nieves National Park: A. Centaurea clementei (vertical sunny cliffs in the Tajos de Añicle); B. Saxifraga globulifera (shady rocks in the Peñón de Ronda peak); C. Hieracium baeticum (rocky places in the Puerto de los Valientes mountain pass); D. Sarcocapnos baetica (overhanging cliffs in Cueva del Agua cave). (Photos by authors). in Vascular flora of the Sierra de las Nieves National Park and its surroundings (Andalusia, Spain)
FIGURE. Four rupicolous taxa characteristic of the Sierra de las Nieves National Park: A. Centaurea clementei (vertical sunny cliffs in the Tajos de Añicle); B. Saxifraga globulifera (shady rocks in the Peñón de Ronda peak); C. Hieracium baeticum (rocky places in the Puerto de los Valientes mountain pass); D. Sarcocapnos baetica (overhanging cliffs in Cueva del Agua cave). (Photos by authors).
FIGURE. Four endemic taxa of the Rondeño sector: A. Astragalus nevadensis subsp. andres-molinae (high mountain cushion scrublands in the plateau of Quejigal de Tolox); B. Teucrium teresianum (thermophilic scrublands in the south face of Mount Torrecilla); C. Cytisus fontanesii subsp. plumosus (grazed scrublands in La Nava polje); D. Armeria villosa subsp. villosa (vertical cliffs in the north face of Fatalandar peak). (Photos by authors). in Vascular flora of the Sierra de las Nieves National Park and its surroundings (Andalusia, Spain)
FIGURE. Four endemic taxa of the Rondeño sector: A. Astragalus nevadensis subsp. andres-molinae (high mountain cushion scrublands in the plateau of Quejigal de Tolox); B. Teucrium teresianum (thermophilic scrublands in the south face of Mount Torrecilla); C. Cytisus fontanesii subsp. plumosus (grazed scrublands in La Nava polje); D. Armeria villosa subsp. villosa (vertical cliffs in the north face of Fatalandar peak). (Photos by authors).
Pyroconvection Classification based on Atmospheric Vertical Profiling Correlation with Extreme Fire Spread Observations
<p>1. Isochrones for Martorell, Santa Coloma Queralt, Torroella, Pobla Massaluca and Sierra Bermeja fires, in shapefile format. Each file has associated an attribute table identifying the hour (in UTC), the affected area, the rate of spread, and direction. Source: Catalan Fire and Rescue Service (Bombers de la Generalitat de Catalunya)</p> <p>2. ERA5 reanalysis data obtained for each fire, hourly and at different pressure levels (37) from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). The files are in netCDF format, and the variables requested were temperature, relative humidity, U-component of wind, V-component of wind. Source: Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., Thépaut, J-N. (2018): ERA5 hourly data on pressure levels from 1979 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). 10.24381/cds.bd0915c6</p> <p>3. Data from sondes launched in fires during the 2021 Spain wildfire campaign. The files are in CSV format, and there are two per fire: the sounding data corrected and the raw flight history. The information provided is Hour (UTC), Wind speed (m/s), Wind direction (true deg), Dew point (C), Latitude, Longitude, Altitude (in m MSL and m AGL), Pressure (Pascal), Speed (m/s), Heading (degrees), Temperature (C), Relative humidity (%), Internal temperature (C), Latitude, Longitude, Rise speed (m/s). Source: Catalan Fire and Rescue Service (Bombers de la Generalitat de Catalunya)</p> <p>4. Data from the closest weather station to each fire. The file is an Excel file. The table fields are: fire name, weather station name, day, hour, average temperature (°C), maximum temperature(°C), minimum temperature (°C), average relative humidity (%), precipitation (mm), wind speed (10 m, km/h), wind direction (10 m, degrees), wind gusts (10 m, km/h), pressure (hPa), radiation (W/m). Source: Meteo.cat, Servei Meteorològic de Catalunya</p> <p>5. Fire behavior resume for Martorell, Santa Coloma Queralt, Torroella, Pobla Massaluca, Llançà, Alfarràs and Sierra Bermeja fires (Spain). The differences in the data shown respond to the possibility of launching sondes, recreating isochrones, and observing the plume column during each fire. In those cases where the information was obtained through these three ways, the variables available are: column type, ABL and LCL height (m), sonde ID, rate of spread (km/h), ROS observed / ROS expected ratio, fireline intensity expected and observed (kW/m), and affected area (ha).</p> <p>6. Photographic registry of the fire plume evolution and a brief description of the pyroconvective moments in the Alfarràs, Martorell, Llançà, Torroella, Santa Coloma de Queralt, Pobla Massaluca, and Sierra Bermeja fires (Spain). Pictures sources: Catalan Fire and Rescue Service (Bombers de la Generalitat de Catalunya)</p>
Supporting figures: Seasonality and trend of the global upper-ocean vertical velocity over 1998–2017
<p>These uploaded figures are results of seasonal variations and trend of the global upper-ocean vertical motions, based on BRAN2020, OFES, OMEGA3D and SODA3.3.1. This is to support our revised manuscript entitled '<strong>Seasonality and trend of the global upper-ocean vertical velocity over 1998</strong>–<strong>2017'</strong>, under consideration in <em>Progress in Oceanography</em>. </p>
Data from: Geographic differences in vertical connectivity in the Caribbean coral Montastraea cavernosa despite high levels of horizontal connectivity at shallow depths
The Deep Reef Refugia Hypothesis proposes that deep reefs can act as local recruitment sources for shallow reefs following disturbance. To test this hypothesis, nine polymorphic DNA microsatellite loci were developed and used to assess vertical connectivity in 583 coral colonies of the Caribbean depth-generalist coral Montastraea cavernosa. Samples were collected from three depth zones (≤10 m, 15-20 m and ≥25 m) at sites in Florida Upper Keys, Lower Keys and Dry Tortugas), Bermuda, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Migration rates were estimated to determine the probability of coral larval migration from shallow to deep and from deep to shallow. Finally, algal symbiont (Symbiodinium spp.) diversity and distribution was assessed in a subset of corals to test whether symbiont depth zonation might indicate limited vertical connectivity. Overall, analyses revealed significant genetic differentiation by depth in Florida, but not in Bermuda or the U.S. Virgin Islands, despite high levels of horizontal connectivity between these geographic locations at shallow depths. Within Florida, greater vertical connectivity was observed in the Dry Tortugas compared to the Lower or Upper Keys. However, at all sites, and regardless of the extent of vertical connectivity, migration occurred asymmetrically, with greater likelihood of migration from shallow to intermediate/deep habitats. Finally, most colonies hosted a single Symbiodinium type (C3), ruling out symbiont depth zonation of the dominant symbiont type as a structuring factor. Together, these findings suggest that the potential for shallow reefs to recover from deep-water refugia in M. cavernosa is location-specific; varying among and within geographic locations likely as a consequence of local hydrology.
Data from the parametric analysis of masonry buttressed arches with limit analysis subjected to vertical self-weight plus a proportional concentrated vertical live load applied at quarter-span
<p>For each one of the simulations performed from the parametric analysis of masonry buttressed arches with limit analysis subjected to vertical self-weight plus a proportional concentrated vertical live load applied at quarter-span, this database contains a .txt, a .vtk and a .png file. In the .txt file the elapsed time and the collapse multiplier of each simulation can be found. The .vtk file contains all the geometry and displacement values of every masonry buttressed arch. Finally, the .png file presents the collapse mechanism obtained. </p>
ERA-I version data for the paper "Role of Vertical Mixing in the Upper Ocean in the Seasonal Variation of Arctic Amplification"
<p>All the data, used to draw figures in the manuscript are uploaded. The variables' description have been well defined in the manuscript. </p>
Ground-based vertical observations of NO2 and HCHO in Guangzhou
<p>The NO2 and HCHO vertical profiles supporting the paper entitled Diagnosis of ozone formation sensitivities in different height layers via MAX-DOAS observations in Guangzhou.</p>
Chesapeake Bay Vertical Land Motions 2019
<p>Global Positioning System (GPS) data from 2019 campaign in the Chesapeake Bay region </p>
Distribution of ant assemblage, microclimate and microhabitat along vertical gradients
<p><span>Abiotic and biotic factors structure species assembly in ecosystems both horizontally and vertically. However, the way community composition changes along comparable horizontal and vertical distances in complex three-dimensional habitats, and the factors driving these patterns, remains poorly understood. By sampling ant assemblages at comparable vertical and horizontal spatial scales in a tropical rain forest, we tested hypotheses that predicted differences in vertical and horizontal turnover explained by different drivers in vertical and horizontal space. These drivers included environmental filtering, such as microclimate (temperature, humidity, and photosynthetic photon flux density) and microhabitat connectivity (leaf area) which are structured differently across vertical and horizontal space. We found that both ant abundance and richness decreased significantly with increasing vertical height. Although dissimilarity between ant assemblages increased with vertical distance, indicating a clear distance-decay pattern, the dissimilarity was higher horizontally where it appeared independent of distance. The pronounced horizontal and vertical structuring of ant assemblages across short distances is likely explained by a combination of microclimate and microhabitat connectivity. Our results demonstrate the importance of considering three-dimensional spatial variation in local assemblages and reveal how highly diverse communities can be supported by complex habitats.</span></p>
FIGURE 8 in A new species, Cricotopus cataractaenostocicola, living in a cyanobacterial colony on vertical rocky substrates with trickling water film in Japan (Diptera: Chironomidae)
FIGURE 8. Dorsal views of hypopygia. A–D Larva living in Nostoc. B, C adapted from Willis W. Wirth (1957). D adapted from Ashe & Murray (1980). E, F adapted from Sasa M. & Kikuchi M. (1995). Bars: 50 µm.
FIGURE 7 in A new species, Cricotopus cataractaenostocicola, living in a cyanobacterial colony on vertical rocky substrates with trickling water film in Japan (Diptera: Chironomidae)
FIGURE 7. Left two drawings: a tunnel made by Cricotopus nostocicola in a spherical colony of the cyanobacteria Nostoc parmelioides from Brock (1960). Right picture: Nostoc colony with larva found at Ashiu, Japan.
FIGURE 6. 3D in A new species, Cricotopus cataractaenostocicola, living in a cyanobacterial colony on vertical rocky substrates with trickling water film in Japan (Diptera: Chironomidae)
FIGURE 6. 3D computer tomography scan images of Nostoc colony with larva. The white dashed line encloses the larva.
FIGURE 1. A in A new species, Cricotopus cataractaenostocicola, living in a cyanobacterial colony on vertical rocky substrates with trickling water film in Japan (Diptera: Chironomidae)
FIGURE 1. A map of the collection sites (S1–S3) of Nostoc colonies symbiotic with chironomids. Information on the sites is listed in Table 1.
FIGURE 5 in A new species, Cricotopus cataractaenostocicola, living in a cyanobacterial colony on vertical rocky substrates with trickling water film in Japan (Diptera: Chironomidae)
FIGURE 5. Cricotopus cataractaenostocicola sp. nov., larva and pupa. Larva (A–G), A and A': general appearance, B: dorsal view of head capsule, C: frontal view of head, D: larval left antenna, E: top of the head, F: anterior parapods, G: posterior parapods. Pupa, H, H' and H": general appearance. H' is a combination of three pictures, two dotted lines are borders. I: tergite IV from the side, J: tergite VII from the side, K: face. Photos C–F, H' and K were obtained by an electronic microscope. Abbreviations (larva). Ap: anterior parapods; As: anal seta; Pp: posterior parapods; Ta: anal tubules. Abbreviations (pupa). Al: anal lobe.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.