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Figure 1 in The phylogeny and diversification of the western Eurasian Phaedusinae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Clausiliidae)

Figure 1. Map showing the origin of the western Phaedusinae isolates used in the molecular phylogenetic analyses. Numbers correspond to Caspiophaedusa perlucens PH041 (1), 3139 (2), Dobatia goetingi PH047 (3), 1814 (4), Graecophaedusa sperrlei PH040 (5), Laeviphaedusa hyrcanica PH020 (6), Nothoserrulina subterranea PH025 (7), Pamphylica multidentifera PH023 (8), Pontophaedusa funiculum PH019, 1826 (9),

Figure 6 in The phylogeny and diversification of the western Eurasian Phaedusinae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Clausiliidae)

Figure 6. Shells of representative species of the western Phaedusinae genera not included in the phylogenetic analyses. A, Microphaedusa morgani, Iran, Gilan, 'Chah-Nichin', paratype, MNHN IM-2000-2646. B, Cotyorica nemethi, Turkey, between Perşembe and Mersin, holotype, HNHM 100140. C, Sciocochlea collasi, Greece, Kerkira, Katsouri Cave, SZ 92070201. D, Tsoukatosia arabatzis, Greece, Mount Athos, paratype, SZ 13093001. E, Truncatophaedusa evae, Russia, Krasnodar, Khosta, paratype, NE 3823. Scale bar: 3 mm.

Figure 9 in The phylogeny and diversification of the western Eurasian Phaedusinae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Clausiliidae)

Figure 9. Genital organs of the western Phaedusinae species used for the molecular phylogenetic analyses. Abbreviations: bursa copulatrix (bu), distal (pd) and proximal (pp) part of the penis, diverticulum of the bursa copulatrix (di), epiphallus (ep), pedunculus of the bursa copulatrix (pe), retractor muscle (re), vagina (v), and vas deferens (vd). Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 12 in The phylogeny and diversification of the western Eurasian Phaedusinae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Clausiliidae)

Figure 12. Correlation of the morphological traits and habitat preferences with the phylogenetic positions. Dark squares denote species with: A, semi-apostrophic aperture; B, presence of basal crest; C, non-marginally ending subcolumellar lamella; D, dorsal lunella; E, high-ending inferior lamella; F, palatally serrate peristome; G, interrupted subcolumellar lamella; H, non-marginally ending inferior lamella; I, decollated shell; J, proximal insertion of the penis retractor muscle at the epiphallus; K, bipartite penis with rhomboidal papillae; L, short and muscular distal penis; M, presence of penial caecum; N, presence of penial verge; and O, subterranean habitat. Solid bars identify the two major groups of the western Phaedusinae.

Figure 8 in The phylogeny and diversification of the western Eurasian Phaedusinae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Clausiliidae)

Figure 8. Palatal plicae of representative species of the western Phaedusinae genera. Abbreviations correspond to the lunella (ln) and the principal (pp), upper (up), and lower (lp) plica.

Figure 5 in The phylogeny and diversification of the western Eurasian Phaedusinae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Clausiliidae)

Figure 5. Shells of the western Phaedusinae species used in the molecular phylogenetic analyses. A, Caspiophaedusa perlucens, Iran, Gilan, valley of the Shim Rud, SZ 99053004. B, Dobatia goetingi, Turkey, Bolu, Lake Abant, SZ 96062002. C, Pamphylica multidentifera, Turkey, Manavgat, SZ 93052001. D, Nothoserrulina subterranea, Turkey, Ünye, SZ 06051901. E, Serrulina serrulata, Turkey, Tahtaköprü, SZ 93051701. F, Pravispira semilamellata, Turkey, Artvin, SZ 96061101. G, Pravispira subserrulata, Turkey, Harçbeli Pass, SZ 05052101. Scale bar: 3 mm.

Figure 11 in The phylogeny and diversification of the western Eurasian Phaedusinae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Clausiliidae)

Figure 11. Internal structures of the male genital organs in: A, Caspiophaedusa perlucens, HNHM 105343; B, Dobatia goetingi, HNHM 105344; C, Laeviphaedusa hyrcanica, HNHM 105346; D, Pontophaedusa funiculum, HNHM 105349; E, Pamphylica multidentifera, HNHM 105348; and F, Nothoserrulina subterranea, HNHM 105348. Abbreviations correspond to distal (pd) and proximal (pp) part of the penis,

opennotspecifiedAug 2024View details →

Table 3 in Taxonomy and trans-Beringian biogeography of the pond snails (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) of East Asia: an integrative view

Table 3. Species richness of the native pond snails (Lymnaeidae) in the East Asia and Alaska.<table><tbody><tr><th>Species</th><th>HON</th><th>HOK</th><th>KOR</th><th>AMU</th><th>SAK</th><th>KUR</th><th>KAM</th><th>KOL</th><th>OKH</th><th>CHU</th><th>ALA</th></tr><tr><th>Subfamily Lymnaeinae Rafinesque, 1815</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Dallirhytis atkaensis (Dall, 1884)</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><th>Galba pacifica</th><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Walhiana arctica (Lea, 1864) comb. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><th>Walhiana catascopium (Say, 1817) comb. nov.</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><th>Ladislavella liogyra (Westerlund, 1897)</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Lymnaea sorensis B. Dybowski, 1912</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Subfamily Amphipepleinae Pini, 1877</th></tr><tr><th>Kamtschaticana kamtschatica (Middendorff, 1850)</th><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><th>Kamtschaticana nipponica</th><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Kamtschaticana sp.1 (possible undescribed species)</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Orientogalba hokkaidoensis</th><td>1</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Orientogalba ollula (Gould, 1859)</th><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)</th><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><th>Radix onychia (Westerlund, 1883)</th><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Radix plicatula (Benson, 1842)</th><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Total</th><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>3</td><td>5</td><td>4</td><td>2</td><td>6</td><td>3</td><td>2</td><td>4</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><th>Lymnaeinae vs. Amphipepleinae</th><td>0/5</td><td>1/5</td><td>0/3</td><td>1/4</td><td>2/2</td><td>1/1</td><td>3/3</td><td>1/2</td><td>0/2</td><td>2/2</td><td>3/2</td></tr></tbody></table>An empty cell indicates the absence of the species in a given area.Distribution areas:ALA, Alaska;AMU,Amur River basin and Primorye;CHU,Chukchi Peninsula; HOK,Hokkaido; HON, Honshu;ḎM, Kamchatka Peninsula;KOL, Kolyma Highlands; KOR,Korean Peninsula; KUR,Kurile Archipelago; OKH, Okhotsk Sea Coast;SAK,Sakhalin Island.

opennotspecifiedAug 2024View details →

Table 2 in Taxonomy and trans-Beringian biogeography of the pond snails (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) of East Asia: an integrative view

Table 2. Taxonomic review of the pond snails (Lymnaeidae) from East Asia and Alaska.<table><tbody><tr><th>Genus</th><th>Species</th><th>Type locality</th><th>Distribution</th></tr><tr><th>Subfamily Lymnaeinae Rafinesque, 1815</th></tr><tr><th>Tribe Lymnaeinae incertae sedis</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Dallirhytis Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989 stat. rev.</th><td>Dallirhytis atkaensis (Dall, 1884)</td><td>USA: Aleutian Islands (Dall 1884)</td><td>Russia: Chukchi Peninsula; Canada; and USA: Alaska and Aleutian Islands</td></tr><tr><th>Galba Schrank, 1803</th><td>Galba pacifica</td><td>Japan: Hokkaido Prefecture, Biei Town, the Ishikari River system, a ditch near the Rubeshibe Stream, 43.520331°N, 142.372452°E</td><td>Japan: Hokkaido; Russia: Sakhalin Island and Kurile Archipelago, and Kamchatka</td></tr><tr><td>Galba humilis a (Say, 1822)</td><td>USA: South Carolina, without a precise locality (Say 1822)</td><td>North America, including the USA, Canada, and Mexico; Japan: Honshu (non-native) (Saito 2022)</td></tr><tr><td>Galba schirazensis a (Küster, 1862)</td><td>‘Schiras in Persien’ (Iran: Schiras, approximately 29.5971°N, 52.5834°E) (Küster 1862)</td><td>Japan: Hokkaido (non-native); Iran, Egypt, Reunion, Spain, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru (Lounnas et al. 2018, Ohari et al. 2020)</td></tr><tr><th>Walhiana Servain, 1882 = Walterlymnaea Starobogatov & Budnikova, 1976 syn. nov.</th><td>Walhiana catascopium (Say, 1817) comb. nov.</td><td>‘The Delaware river and many other waters of the United States’ (Say 1817b)</td><td>Russia: Kamchatka; Canada; USA (including Alaska); and Greenland</td></tr><tr><td>Walhiana arctica (Lea, 1864) comb. nov.</td><td>Canada: Ontario, Moose River of Hudson’s Bay</td><td>USA: Alaska; Northern Canada eastwards to Newfoundland (Burch 1989)</td></tr><tr><th>Ladislavella B. Dybowski, 1913</th><td>Ladislavella liogyra (Westerlund, 1897)</td><td>‘Sibirien, Sud-Ussuri-Gebiet, Dorf Griqorjewskoje’ (Russia: southern part of the Ussuri Region, Grigoryevskoye village, approximately 44.16°N, 132.00°E) (Westerlund 1897)</td><td>Russia: Ussuri River basin, Primorye, and Sakhalin Island</td></tr><tr><th>Pseudosuccinea Baker, 1908</th><td>Pseudosuccinea columella a (Say, 1817)</td><td>‘Stagnant waters and miry places [of North America]’ (Say 1817b)</td><td>North America; as a non-indigenous species is widely distributed over tropics and subtropics, including Japan</td></tr><tr><th>Tribe Lymnaeini Rafinesque, 1815</th></tr><tr><th>Lymnaea Lamarck, 1799</th><td>Lymnaea sorensis B. Dybowski, 1912</td><td>Russia: ‘Lake Baikal, Bolshoy Sor Bay’ (Dybowski 1912)</td><td>Widespread throughout North Asia: Western Siberia: Tyumen Region; Eastern Siberia: Altai Mountains, Lake Baikal, Yakutia; Mongolia; northern China: Xinjiang, and Kamchatka</td></tr><tr><th>Subfamily Amphipepleinae Pini, 1877</th></tr><tr><th>Tribe Peregrianini Bolotov, Vinarski & Aksenova, 2023</th></tr><tr><th>Kamtschaticana Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1984</th><td>Kamtschaticana kamtschatica (Middendorff, 1850)</td><td>‘Kamtschatka’ (Middendorff 1850); ‘See Kainytschin, ohnfern Nishne-Kamtschatsk’ (Russia: Kamchatka, a lake near the former Nizhne-Kamchatsk village, approximately 56.3819°N, 161.1570°E) (Middendorff, 1851)</td><td>Widespread throughout North Asia: Eastern Siberia and Russian Far East from Lake Baikal through the Amur River basin to Kamchatka, Magadan Region, and Chukotka Peninsula; several times mentioned for Alaska</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Kamtschaticana nipponica = Radix sp. Ra-c2 Ohari et al., 2020</td><td>Japan: Hokkaido Prefecture, Sarabetsu village, the Tokachi River system, Itarataraki Stream, 42.627161°N, 143.265175°E</td><td>Japan: Hokkaido</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Kamtschaticana sp.1 (possible undescribed species)</td><td>not available</td><td>Russian Far East: Kamchatka and Sakhalin Island</td></tr><tr><th>Tribe Austropepleini Bolotov, Vinarski & Aksenova, 2023</th></tr><tr><th>Orientogalba Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1985</th><td>Orientogalba hokkaidoensis</td><td>Japan: Hokkaido Prefecture, Hokuto City, a ditch near the Hikirichi Stream, 41.842808°N, 140.634441°E</td><td>Japan: Hokkaido and Honshu</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Orientogalba ollula (Gould, 1859)</td><td>Streams and marshes on Hong Kong Island (Gould 1859)</td><td>East Asia: Korea, Japan (Hokkaido and Honshu); Central Asia: Uzbekistan; South Asia: Nepal; and China: Tibet and Hong Kong</td></tr><tr><th>Tribe Radicini Vinarski, 2013</th></tr><tr><th>Radix Montfort, 1810</th><td>Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758) Europe (Vinarski and Kantor 2016)</td><td>Europe (Vinarski and Kantor 2016)</td><td>Widespread throughout Northern Eurasia, Kurile Archipelago, Sakhalin Island, Japan, Alaska and West Canada (British Columbia)</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Radix onychia (Westerlund, 1883</td><td>‘Japan, ad litora lacus Biva’ (Japan: shores of Lake Biwa) (Westerlund 1883)</td><td>Japan: Honshu (endemic to Lake Biwa)</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Radix plicatula (Benson, 1842) = Radix coreana (Martens, 1886) syn. nov.; Type locality: ‘Changjin, Prov. Hamgyöngdo, Korea’ (North Korea: South Hamgyŏng Province, Changjin County) (Martens 1886);</td><td>‘Ponds’ (China: Zhoushan Island, approximately 30.0578°N, 122.1381°E) (Vinarski et al. 2020)</td><td>East Asia: Amur Basin, Korea, and Japan: islands of Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, and Okinawa; Southeast Asia: Vietnam, South China: Yunnan, Taiwan, Hong Kong; Eastern China: Jiangsu, Hebei; Northern</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>= Radix sp. Ra-03 (Ohari et al., 2020)</td><td></td><td>China: Xinjiang; and Eastern Tibet: Gansu</td></tr><tr><th>Probable synonyms:</th></tr><tr><th></th><td>= Radix japonica (Jay, 1857); Type locality: Simoda (Japan: Honshu, Simoda, approximately 34.6795°N, 138.9453°E) (Jay 1857)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>= Radix hamadai Habe, 1968; Type locality: ‘Kobaru, Takeda City, Oita Pref., Kyushu’ (Japan: Kyushu, &Omacr;ita Prefecture, Taketa, Kobaru, approximately 32.8738°N, 131.3581°E) (Habe 1968)</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>aNon-native species.

FIGURE 3. A–F in New species and genus of Columbellidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea) from the Western Pacific

FIGURE 3. A–F, Mokumea gracilicostata sp. nov.; A–B, Holotype. LACM 3854, 2.5 mm; C–D, Paratype 1. LACM 3855, 2.9 mm; E–F, Paratype 2. MNHN-IM-2018-1780, 2.5 mm; G, Mokumea albovittata (Lopes, Coelho & Cardoso, 1965), Brazil, off Guarapari, CKM, 3.3 mm; H, Mokumea fuscolineata (Thiele, 1930), Australia, WA, South end of 80 Miles Beach, CKM, 3.6 mm; I, Mokumea albomarginata (Okamoto & Habe, 1979), Japan, Shiga Island, CKM, 4.0 mm; J, Mokumea divaricata (Pilsbry, 1904), Japan, Shirahama, Izu, Shiguoka, CKM, 4.8 mm; K, Mokumea yuhitai (Habe, 1991), Japan, Kagoshima, Oshima Channel, Setouchi-Cho, CKM, 3.3 mm; L–N, Retizafra praefulgida sp. nov., L–M, Holotype. LACM 2922, 2.0 mm; N, Paratype 1. CKM, 2.0 mm; O, Retizafra oryza Monsecour & Monsecour, 2016, Holotype, New Caledonia, MNHN-IM-2000-26839, 2.6 mm, photo credit: MNHN M. CABALLER, PROJET: RECOLNAT (ANR-11-INBS-0004); P, Retizafra hordeum Monsecour & Monsecour, 2016, Holotype, New Caledonia, MNHN-IM-2000-26842, 2.6 mm, photo credit: MNHN M. CABALLER, PROJET: RECOLNAT (ANR-11-INBS-0004).

FIGURE 2. A–F in New species and genus of Columbellidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea) from the Western Pacific

FIGURE 2. A–F, Mitrella harryleei sp. nov.; A–B, Holotype. LACM 2710, 5.0 mm; C–D, Paratype 1. LACM 2711, 5.4 mm; E–F, Paratype 2. MNHN-IM-2018-1778, 5.5 mm; G–H, Mitrella philia (Duclos, 1846), syntype MNHN-IM-2000-6404, 5 mm photo credit: MNHN M. CABALLER, PROJET: RECOLNAT (ANR-11-INBS-0004); I–J, Columbella goubini Hervier, 1900, New Caledonia, Lifou, syntype MNHN-IM-2000-6900, 6.3 mm, photo credit: MNHN M. CABALLER, PROJET: RECOLNAT (ANR-11-INBS-0004); K–N, Mitropsis noduliferus sp. nov., K–L, Holotype. LACM 2907, 4.55 mm; M–N, Paratype 1. MNHN-IM-2018-1779, 4.5 mm.

FIGURE 1. A–F in New species and genus of Columbellidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea) from the Western Pacific

FIGURE 1. A–F, Ascalista saipanensis sp. nov.; A–B, Holotype. LACM 2709, 3.3 mm; C–D, Paratype 1. CKM, 3.1 mm; E–F, Paratype 2. MSF fa175, 3.0 mm; G–H, Ascalista letourneuxi Monsecour & Monsecour, 2015, French Polynesia, Austral Islands, Rapa Island, Paratype CKM, 4.0 mm; I–J, Ascalista polita (G. & H. Nevill, 1875), Philippines, Mactan Island, Punta Engano, CKM, 3.6 mm; K–L, Euspiralta santoensis Monsecour & Pelorce, 2013, Vanuatu, Segond Channel, CKM, 3.2 mm; M–R, Euspiralta okinawaensis sp. nov.; M–N, Holotype. LACM 3807, 2.7 mm; O–P, Paratype 1. LACM 3808, 2.8 mm; Q–R, Paratype 2. MNHN-IM-2018-1777, 2.9 mm.

FIGURE 5. A–H in New species and genus of Columbellidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea) from the Western Pacific

FIGURE 5. A–H, Zafra thaanumi sp. nov.; A–B, Holotype. LACM 3857, 3.1 mm; C–D, Paratype 1. LACM 3858, 2.6 mm; E–F, Paratype 2. MNHN-IM-2018-1784, 3.4 mm; G–H, Paratype 3. CKM, 2.7 mm; I–J, Zafra ocellatula (Hervier, 1900), Papua New Guinea, New Ireland, Kavieng, CKM, 4.0 mm; K–P, Zafra spadicea sp. nov.; K–L, Holotype. LACM 3372, 3.0 mm; M–N, Paratype 1. LACM 3373, 2.9 mm; O–P, Paratype 2. MNHN-IM-2018-1785, 3.2 mm.

FIGURE 4. A–H in New species and genus of Columbellidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea) from the Western Pacific

FIGURE 4. A–H, Speirazafra wakensis sp. nov.; A–B, Holotype. LACM 2722, 3.6 mm; C–D, Paratype 1. LACM 2723, 3.5 mm; E–F, Paratype 2. MNHN-IM-2018-1782, 3.2 mm; G–H, Paratype 3. CKM, 3.7 mm; I–L, Zafra fijiensis sp. nov.; I–J, Holotype. LACM 3851, 3.0 mm; K–L, Paratype 1. LACM 3852, 3.1 mm; M–N, Zafra obesula (Hervier, 1900), French Polynesia, Raiatea, Hotopu'u, CKM, 3.8 mm.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2021View details →

Figure 1 in The European spring snail genus Marstoniopsis (Gastropoda: Amnicolidae): Eastward extension likely driven by Pleistocene glaciations

Figure 1. Map showing the distribution area of Marstoniopsis (solid line). Details of numbered localities are given in Table 1. The dashed line shows the extent of the Riss-Saale-Dnieper glaciation, the dotted line – the Würm-Weichsel-Valdai glaciation (compiled after Ehlers and Gibbard 2004). Asterisks indicate the locations of Holocene fossil records (after Horsák et al. 2013).

FIGURE 9 in Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A revision of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae)

FIGURE 9. Terebellum Röding, 1798. A. Terebellum delicatum Kuroda & Kawamoto in Kawamoto & Tanabe, 1956, Khánh Hòa, Nha Trang, Vietnam, length 27 mm (NMR 54693). B. Terebellum hubrechti Poppe & Tagaro, 2016, Caubian Deep, Bohol, Philippine, length 33.2 mm (image Conchology Inc.). C. Terebellum simoni Dekkers et al., 2019, Bohol Island, Philippines, length 50.6 mm (Paratype 1, AMD STR2269). D. Terebellum terebellum. D1. Vanuatu, length 63.4 mm (Coll. Guido and Philippe Poppe, 464722). D2. Solomon Islands, size unknown (NMR 44172). D3. Solomon Islands, size unknown (NMR 54964). D4. Leyte, Philippines, length 41.3 mm (Coll. Guido and Philippe Poppe, 378696).

FIGURE 6. Dimeza Deshayes, 1865, Miniseraphs Jung 1974 in Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A revision of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae)

FIGURE 6. Dimeza Deshayes, 1865, Miniseraphs Jung 1974 and Mauryna de Gregorio 1880. A. Diameza fragilis (Defrance, 1825), MNHN A28784, Collection de Paleontologie, Paris, length 6.9 mm (Caze et al. 2010, figs. 20A, C & E). B. Miniseraphs eratoides (Cossmann, 1889), MNHN A28785, Collection de Paleontologie, Paris, length 8.3 mm (Caze et al. 2010, figs. 20F–H). C. Miniseraphs isabella (Deshayes, 1865), MNHN A28783, Collection de Paleontologie, Paris, length 7.5 mm (Caze et al. 2010, figs. 20M–O). D. Mauryna plicata (d'Archiac & Haime, 1853), NMB H15324, length 51 mm.

FIGURE 5. Seraphs Montfort, 1810. A in Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A revision of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae)

FIGURE 5. Seraphs Montfort, 1810. A. Seraphs minus (Vincent, 1913), length 7.1 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 6, figs. 9, 10). B. Seraphs naricus (Vredenberg, 1925), holotype, GSI 12614, length 38.6 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 6, figs. 20–22). C. Seraphs olivaceus (Cossmann, 1889), MNHN A28577, Collection de Paleontologie, Paris, length 32 mm (Caze et al. 2010, figs. 6H, I). D. Seraphs peterjungi Caze et al., 2010, holotype, MNHN A28578, Collection de Paleontologie, length 16 mm (Caze et al. 2010, figs. 15J, K, N). E. Seraphs placiferus (Bayan, 1870), lectotype, MNHN G2100, length 33.7 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 7, figs. 5–7). F. Seraphs sopita (Brander, 1766), lectotype, NHMUK GG21010, length 26.4 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 1, figs. 1–3). G. Seraphs squamosus (Martin, 1914), Lectotype, RGM, Leiden St10344, length 37.1 mm (Jung 1974, pl. 6, figs. 17–19). H. Seraphs striatus (von Koenen, 1889), holotype, length 38.5 mm (von Koenen 1889, pl. I, figs. 7A–C). I. Seraphs subconvolutus (d'Orbigny, 1852), lectotype, MNHN UBT65-2-120, length 28 mm (Caze et al. 2010, figs. 14A, B). J. Seraphs volutatus (Brander, 1766), MNHN A28776, Collection de Paleontologie, Paris, length 17 mm (Caze et al. 2010, figs. 6A–C).

FIGURE 1. The single tnt generated maximum likelihood cladogram showing internal cladistic relationships within Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 in Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A revision of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae)

FIGURE 1. The single tnt generated maximum likelihood cladogram showing internal cladistic relationships within Seraphsidae Jung, 1974.

FIGURE 2 in Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A revision of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae)

FIGURE 2. Temporal distribution of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974: solid lines indicate presence; dotted lines indicate a geological discontinuities and hypothetical internal relationship.