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FIGURE 10. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 10. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n. sp. Female (2.9mm) (a) pereopod 2, (b) pereopod 3, (c) pereopod 4. Male (3.0mm)
FIGURE 8. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 8. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n. sp. Female (2.9 mm) (a) antennule, (b) same, male, (c) antenna; mandible, (d) left mandible, distal, (e) right mandible, distal, (f) palp; (g) maxillule, (h) maxilla.
FIGURE 7. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 7. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n. sp. Female (2.9 mm) (a) dorsal view, (b) lateral view. Male (3.0mm) (c) lateral view. Manca (0.4mm) (d) lateral view, (e) exopods of pereopods 4 and 5 enlarged.
FIGURE 6. Kudinopasternakia brasiliensis n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 6. Kudinopasternakia brasiliensis n. sp. MZUSP17.936 Female (3.4 mm) (a) pereopod 4, (b) pereopod 5, (c) pereopod 6, (d) pleopod, (e) uropod. Manca (f) exopods of pereopods 4 and 5 enlarged.
FIGURE 5. Kudinopasternakia brasiliensis n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 5. Kudinopasternakia brasiliensis n. sp. MZUSP17.936 Female (3.4 mm) (a) maxilliped, (b) endite of maxilliped, (c) epignath, (d) cheliped, (e) pereopod 1, (d) pereopod 2, (e) pereopod 3.
FIGURE 11. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 11. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n. sp. Female (2.9 mm) (a) pereopod 5, (b) pereopod 6, (c) pleopod, (d) uropod.
FIGURE 3. Kudinopasternakia amazonica n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 3. Kudinopasternakia amazonica n. sp. MZUSP17.920 Male (4.9 mm) (a) pereopod 2, (b) pereopod 3, (c) pereopod 4, (d) pereopod 5, (e) pereopod 6, (f) pleopod, (g) uropod.
FIGURE 9. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 9. Kudinopasternakia trispinosa n. sp. Female (2.9 mm) (a) maxilliped, (b) cheliped, (c) pereopod 1, (d) same, enlarged. Male (3.0 mm) (e, f) pereopod 1 distal articles.
FIGURE 2. Kudinopasternakia amazonica n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 2. Kudinopasternakia amazonica n. sp. MZUSP17.920 Male (4.9 mm) (a) cheliped, (b) pereopod 1. MZUSP17.941 Female (c) pereopod 1, distal articles.
FIGURE 1. Kudinopasternakia amazonica n in Three new species of Kudinopasternakia Guţu, 1991 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Sphyrapodidae) from Brazilian waters
FIGURE 1. Kudinopasternakia amazonica n. sp. MZUSP17.920 Male (4.9 mm) (a) dorsal view, (b) lateral view, (c) antennule, (d) antenna, (e) palp of mandible.
FIGURE 6. Pristimantis saltissimus new species. a in Three New Malodorous Rainfrogs of the Genus Pristimantis (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from the Wokomung Massif in west-central Guyana, South America
FIGURE 6. Pristimantis saltissimus new species. a = plain or slightly spotted morph (43% in a sample of 30); b = middorsally orange-striped morph (10%); c = dorsally tan morph (17%); d = thin, white-striped morph (10%); e = dorsal views of the mottled morph (20%) and thin, white-striped morph; f = ventral views of same morphs as in e. Note that the striping also occurs on the belly of the thin, white-striped morph.
FIGURE 10 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 10. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium atlanticum. (a,b) Lateral views of female in jelly coat stained with fuschian red. (c) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Santeetlah, North Carolina, October 30, 1993. (d) Lateral view of female head. (e) Lateral view of female abdomen. Lake James, North Carolina, December 13, 1992. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. (g) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. Lake James, North Carolina, October 31, 1993. (a,b,d,f) from Digdeguash Lake, New Brunswick, June 15, 1994.
FIGURE 9 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 9. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium acidophilum. (a,b) Lateral view of female in jelly coat stained with dilute fuschain red. (c) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Jelly coat stained with dilute fuschian red. (d) Lateral view of female abdomen. (e,f) Lateral views of female postabdomen (g) Lateral view of female postabdomen, Red Rock Pond, New Brunswick, June 1, 1992. (h) Lateral view of brood pouch margin and eggs. (i) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. (j,k) Lateral views of male with jelly coat removed. (l) Frontal view of male biramous antennae. (m) Lateral view of hook on first thoracic limb of male. (n) Lateral view of male postabdomen. (a–c, h, j–n) from Red Rock Pond, New Brunswick, June 15, 1994. (d–f, i) from Saunders Pond, Oregon, April 16, 1993.
FIGURE 5 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 5. Morphological characters used in the discrimination of Holopedium. Postabdominal claws (a) with and (b) without a basal spine are illustrated. The jelly coat is not illustrated.
FIGURE 4 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s.s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s.s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n.sp., b) H. gibberum s.s., c) H. atlanticum n.sp., d) H. acidophilum n.sp., and e) H. amazonicum s.s.
FIGURE 6 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 6. Representative photomicrographs and drawings of Holopedium gibberum. (a) Lateral view of female with jelly coat removed. Old Crow 10, Yukon, August 15, 1997. (b) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Jelly coat stained with fuschian red. (c) Lateral view of female postabdomen. Longstaff Bluff 1, Nunavut, August 16, 1994. (d) Lateral view of female postabdominal claws. Mayer Lake, British Columbia, August 7, 1997. (e) Ventral view of female postabdomen. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. (g) Drawing of lateral view of male in jelly coat. (h) Drawing of lateral view of male postabdomen. (i) Drawing of lateral view of biramous antennae of male. (j) Drawing of lateral view of first thoracic limb of a male. (b,e,f) from Steensby 3, Nunavut, August 13, 1994. (g,j) from Lilljeborg 1901. (h,i) from Sars 1865.
FIGURE 8 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 8. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium amazonicum. (a) Lateral view of ovigerous female with jelly coat removed. (b) Lateral view of brooding female with jelly coat removed. (c) Lateral view of female head. (d) Partial lateral view of female. (e) Lateral view of female head. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. Lago Coari, Amazonas, May 24, 1996. (g) Lateral view of brood pouch margin and eggs. (h) Lateral view of ventral carapace margin. (a–e, g–h) from Lago Caju, Amazonas, September 24, 1998.
FIGURE 3 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 3. NJ phenogram of Holopedium based upon 17 COI haplotypes, rooted using Sida crystallina. Boostrap support values (based upon 10,000 replicates) are shown for major clusters and deeper nodes, and the scale bar shows K2P genetic distance. Terminal branch labels indicate the clade number, followed by the haplotype number. Haplotypes of reference populations collected from relatively near the type localities of H. gibberum and H. amazonicum are indicated with one and two asterisks, respectively. The two clusters containing these haplotypes are considered to represent these species sensu strictu, while the remaining clusters are described here as new species.
FIGURE 2 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 2. UPGMA phenogram showing genetic distances, based upon allozyme data, among 121 Holopedium populations. Only those collections known to contain a single species, due to being either invariant or in H-W equilibrium, are included here. Nei's (1972) genetic distance is indicated on the scale bar. The geographic distributions of the two major groups are consistent with those of the two initially described species of Holopedium, and these groups are therefore named after these species, H. gibberum and H. amazonicum. New species names are assigned to two clusters on the basis of allozyme, mtDNA, distributional, and morphological information (see text for further information and justification). Asterisks designate those populations for which mtDNA results are available; allozyme and mtDNA clusters are concordant. Double asterisks and haplotype numbers are given for those populations having sequence data presented in Fig. 4.
FIGURE 1 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 1. Maps of Holopedium populations sampled for genetic analyses. Exact geographic coordinates and habitat names are provided in Appendix A. Populations sampled from outside North America are shown on the inset global map. Type localities for the two initially described species of Holopedium are indicated with stars on the inset map and were not included in this study, although (relatively) nearby collections were available. North American freshwater biogeographic provinces (after Burr & Mayden 1992) are shown, and the names of those from which samples were collected are listed in the legend.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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